Complications Observed With Latissimus Dorsi Flap Reconstruction of the Breasta
| . | No. (%)b . | S-LD + Implant . | MS-LD + Implant . | ALD . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients | 82 | 35 | 18 | 29 |
| Flap procedures | 85 | 37 | 19 | 29 |
| Flap-related complicationsc | ||||
| Mastectomy skin flap necrosis | 5 (6) | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| Minor skin paddle necrosis | 3 (4) | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Implant malposition | 2 (2) | 1 | 1 | NA |
| Liponecrosis | 2 (2) | NA | NA | 2 |
| Rippling | 1 (1) | 1 | 0 | NA |
| Total | 13 (15) | 6 | 3 | 4 |
| Donor site complicationsd | ||||
| Seromae | 15 (18) | 2 | 0 | 13 |
| Delayed wound healing | 3 (4) | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| Wound necrosis and dehiscencee | 3 (4) | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Hematoma | 2 (2) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Minor wound dehiscence | 1 (1) | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Total | 24 (28) | 6 | 1 | 17 |
| . | No. (%)b . | S-LD + Implant . | MS-LD + Implant . | ALD . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients | 82 | 35 | 18 | 29 |
| Flap procedures | 85 | 37 | 19 | 29 |
| Flap-related complicationsc | ||||
| Mastectomy skin flap necrosis | 5 (6) | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| Minor skin paddle necrosis | 3 (4) | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Implant malposition | 2 (2) | 1 | 1 | NA |
| Liponecrosis | 2 (2) | NA | NA | 2 |
| Rippling | 1 (1) | 1 | 0 | NA |
| Total | 13 (15) | 6 | 3 | 4 |
| Donor site complicationsd | ||||
| Seromae | 15 (18) | 2 | 0 | 13 |
| Delayed wound healing | 3 (4) | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| Wound necrosis and dehiscencee | 3 (4) | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Hematoma | 2 (2) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Minor wound dehiscence | 1 (1) | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Total | 24 (28) | 6 | 1 | 17 |
S-LD, standard latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous; MS-LD, muscle-sparing latissimus dorsi myocutaneous; ALD, autologous latissimus dorsi; NA, not available.
Reported as percentage of reconstruction procedures.
There were no cases of total or partial flap loss, flap hematoma, flap seroma, capsular contracture, or implant exposure (data were not available about capsular contracture or implant exposure with ALD flap).
There were no cases of donor site infection, asymmetry, or impaired shoulder function with any of the three flap procedures.
Significant differences were noted between the three latissimus dorsi flap procedures in frequency of donor site seroma (P < .005) and wound necrosis and dehiscence (P < .05); there were no other significant differences in flap-related or donor site complications between the three latissimus dorsi flap procedures.
Complications Observed With Latissimus Dorsi Flap Reconstruction of the Breasta
| . | No. (%)b . | S-LD + Implant . | MS-LD + Implant . | ALD . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients | 82 | 35 | 18 | 29 |
| Flap procedures | 85 | 37 | 19 | 29 |
| Flap-related complicationsc | ||||
| Mastectomy skin flap necrosis | 5 (6) | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| Minor skin paddle necrosis | 3 (4) | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Implant malposition | 2 (2) | 1 | 1 | NA |
| Liponecrosis | 2 (2) | NA | NA | 2 |
| Rippling | 1 (1) | 1 | 0 | NA |
| Total | 13 (15) | 6 | 3 | 4 |
| Donor site complicationsd | ||||
| Seromae | 15 (18) | 2 | 0 | 13 |
| Delayed wound healing | 3 (4) | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| Wound necrosis and dehiscencee | 3 (4) | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Hematoma | 2 (2) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Minor wound dehiscence | 1 (1) | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Total | 24 (28) | 6 | 1 | 17 |
| . | No. (%)b . | S-LD + Implant . | MS-LD + Implant . | ALD . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients | 82 | 35 | 18 | 29 |
| Flap procedures | 85 | 37 | 19 | 29 |
| Flap-related complicationsc | ||||
| Mastectomy skin flap necrosis | 5 (6) | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| Minor skin paddle necrosis | 3 (4) | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Implant malposition | 2 (2) | 1 | 1 | NA |
| Liponecrosis | 2 (2) | NA | NA | 2 |
| Rippling | 1 (1) | 1 | 0 | NA |
| Total | 13 (15) | 6 | 3 | 4 |
| Donor site complicationsd | ||||
| Seromae | 15 (18) | 2 | 0 | 13 |
| Delayed wound healing | 3 (4) | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| Wound necrosis and dehiscencee | 3 (4) | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Hematoma | 2 (2) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Minor wound dehiscence | 1 (1) | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Total | 24 (28) | 6 | 1 | 17 |
S-LD, standard latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous; MS-LD, muscle-sparing latissimus dorsi myocutaneous; ALD, autologous latissimus dorsi; NA, not available.
Reported as percentage of reconstruction procedures.
There were no cases of total or partial flap loss, flap hematoma, flap seroma, capsular contracture, or implant exposure (data were not available about capsular contracture or implant exposure with ALD flap).
There were no cases of donor site infection, asymmetry, or impaired shoulder function with any of the three flap procedures.
Significant differences were noted between the three latissimus dorsi flap procedures in frequency of donor site seroma (P < .005) and wound necrosis and dehiscence (P < .05); there were no other significant differences in flap-related or donor site complications between the three latissimus dorsi flap procedures.
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