| . | (1) . | (2) . | (3) . | (4) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Confidence in institutions . | Confidence in institutions . | Confidence in institutions . | Confidence in institutions . |
| Corruption experiences | -0.298*** | -0.282*** | ||
| (-7.73) | (-7.41) | |||
| Corruption perceptions | -0.870*** | -0.865*** | ||
| (-20.71) | (-20.54) | |||
| Male | 0.00637 | -0.00831 | ||
| (0.30) | (-0.41) | |||
| Age | -0.0167*** | -0.0149*** | ||
| (-6.51) | (-5.80) | |||
| Age2 | 0.000210*** | 0.000190*** | ||
| (7.39) | (6.69) | |||
| Married | 0.0933*** | 0.0775*** | ||
| (4.57) | (3.76) | |||
| Secondary education | -0.121*** | -0.115*** | ||
| (-3.94) | (-4.02) | |||
| Tertiary education | -0.0853 | -0.108** | ||
| (-1.65) | (-2.45) | |||
| Income | -0.000873 | -0.0104 | ||
| (-0.07) | (-0.82) | |||
| Internet access | -0.0437 | -0.0600** | ||
| (-1.38) | (-2.08) | |||
| TV | -0.0321 | -0.0228 | ||
| (-0.66) | (-0.48) | |||
| N | 57095 | 57095 | 57095 | 57095 |
| No. of countries | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 |
| R-sq | 0.226 | 0.230 | 0.271 | 0.275 |
| . | (1) . | (2) . | (3) . | (4) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Confidence in institutions . | Confidence in institutions . | Confidence in institutions . | Confidence in institutions . |
| Corruption experiences | -0.298*** | -0.282*** | ||
| (-7.73) | (-7.41) | |||
| Corruption perceptions | -0.870*** | -0.865*** | ||
| (-20.71) | (-20.54) | |||
| Male | 0.00637 | -0.00831 | ||
| (0.30) | (-0.41) | |||
| Age | -0.0167*** | -0.0149*** | ||
| (-6.51) | (-5.80) | |||
| Age2 | 0.000210*** | 0.000190*** | ||
| (7.39) | (6.69) | |||
| Married | 0.0933*** | 0.0775*** | ||
| (4.57) | (3.76) | |||
| Secondary education | -0.121*** | -0.115*** | ||
| (-3.94) | (-4.02) | |||
| Tertiary education | -0.0853 | -0.108** | ||
| (-1.65) | (-2.45) | |||
| Income | -0.000873 | -0.0104 | ||
| (-0.07) | (-0.82) | |||
| Internet access | -0.0437 | -0.0600** | ||
| (-1.38) | (-2.08) | |||
| TV | -0.0321 | -0.0228 | ||
| (-0.66) | (-0.48) | |||
| N | 57095 | 57095 | 57095 | 57095 |
| No. of countries | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 |
| R-sq | 0.226 | 0.230 | 0.271 | 0.275 |
Estimation is by weighted least squares using sampling weights provided by Gallup, and heteroskedasiticity-consistent standard errors are clustered at the country level. T-statistics in parentheses: * p < 0.10, ** p < 0.05, *** p < 0.01
Source: Authors' analysis with data from Gallup World Poll
| . | (1) . | (2) . | (3) . | (4) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Confidence in institutions . | Confidence in institutions . | Confidence in institutions . | Confidence in institutions . |
| Corruption experiences | -0.298*** | -0.282*** | ||
| (-7.73) | (-7.41) | |||
| Corruption perceptions | -0.870*** | -0.865*** | ||
| (-20.71) | (-20.54) | |||
| Male | 0.00637 | -0.00831 | ||
| (0.30) | (-0.41) | |||
| Age | -0.0167*** | -0.0149*** | ||
| (-6.51) | (-5.80) | |||
| Age2 | 0.000210*** | 0.000190*** | ||
| (7.39) | (6.69) | |||
| Married | 0.0933*** | 0.0775*** | ||
| (4.57) | (3.76) | |||
| Secondary education | -0.121*** | -0.115*** | ||
| (-3.94) | (-4.02) | |||
| Tertiary education | -0.0853 | -0.108** | ||
| (-1.65) | (-2.45) | |||
| Income | -0.000873 | -0.0104 | ||
| (-0.07) | (-0.82) | |||
| Internet access | -0.0437 | -0.0600** | ||
| (-1.38) | (-2.08) | |||
| TV | -0.0321 | -0.0228 | ||
| (-0.66) | (-0.48) | |||
| N | 57095 | 57095 | 57095 | 57095 |
| No. of countries | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 |
| R-sq | 0.226 | 0.230 | 0.271 | 0.275 |
| . | (1) . | (2) . | (3) . | (4) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Confidence in institutions . | Confidence in institutions . | Confidence in institutions . | Confidence in institutions . |
| Corruption experiences | -0.298*** | -0.282*** | ||
| (-7.73) | (-7.41) | |||
| Corruption perceptions | -0.870*** | -0.865*** | ||
| (-20.71) | (-20.54) | |||
| Male | 0.00637 | -0.00831 | ||
| (0.30) | (-0.41) | |||
| Age | -0.0167*** | -0.0149*** | ||
| (-6.51) | (-5.80) | |||
| Age2 | 0.000210*** | 0.000190*** | ||
| (7.39) | (6.69) | |||
| Married | 0.0933*** | 0.0775*** | ||
| (4.57) | (3.76) | |||
| Secondary education | -0.121*** | -0.115*** | ||
| (-3.94) | (-4.02) | |||
| Tertiary education | -0.0853 | -0.108** | ||
| (-1.65) | (-2.45) | |||
| Income | -0.000873 | -0.0104 | ||
| (-0.07) | (-0.82) | |||
| Internet access | -0.0437 | -0.0600** | ||
| (-1.38) | (-2.08) | |||
| TV | -0.0321 | -0.0228 | ||
| (-0.66) | (-0.48) | |||
| N | 57095 | 57095 | 57095 | 57095 |
| No. of countries | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 |
| R-sq | 0.226 | 0.230 | 0.271 | 0.275 |
Estimation is by weighted least squares using sampling weights provided by Gallup, and heteroskedasiticity-consistent standard errors are clustered at the country level. T-statistics in parentheses: * p < 0.10, ** p < 0.05, *** p < 0.01
Source: Authors' analysis with data from Gallup World Poll
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