T able 4. Open in new tab Impact of...

	Pregnant (Women)	Any Vaginal Sex	Days of Vaginal Sex	Used Condom	Condoms at Home	Safe/No Sex
Any Incentive	−0.003	0.012	0.039	−0.018	0.004	−0.012
	[0.015]	[0.021]	[0.089]	[0.018]	[0.014]	[0.021]
Male		0.136***	0.455***	0.094***	0.082***	−0.099***
		[0.020]	[0.089]	[0.018]	[0.014]	[0.020]
Married	0.029	0.315***	0.910***	−0.045	0.076***	−0.280***
	[0.022]	[0.029]	[0.106]	[0.044]	[0.019]	[0.026]
Age	−0.005	0.003	0.041**	−0.011**	−0.004	−0.005
	[0.003]	[0.005]	[0.018]	[0.005]	[0.003]	[0.004]
Age-squared	0.000	−0.000	−0.001***	0.000	0.000	0.000*
	[0.000]	[0.000]	[0.000]	[0.000]	[0.000]	[0.000]
Some school	−0.023	0.022	0.097	−0.006	0.025*	−0.025
	[0.017]	[0.026]	[0.106]	[0.019]	[0.014]	[0.025]
Number of children	−0.005	0.013***	0.060***	−0.003	−0.003	−0.016***
	[0.003]	[0.004]	[0.017]	[0.003]	[0.002]	[0.004]
Rumphi	0.003	−0.089***	−0.033	0.140***	0.054***	0.172***
	[0.018]	[0.025]	[0.116]	[0.022]	[0.018]	[0.025]
Balaka	0.009	−0.133***	−0.293***	0.020	0.008	0.112***
	[0.019]	[0.025]	[0.105]	[0.020]	[0.016]	[0.025]
Round 2	−0.002	−0.022	−0.078	−0.003	−0.001	−0.037**
	[0.013]	[0.018]	[0.067]	[0.016]	[0.012]	[0.018]
Round 3	−0.002	−0.046**	−0.025	−0.026	−0.016	−0.020
	[0.017]	[0.019]	[0.078]	[0.017]	[0.012]	[0.019]
Constant	0.249***	0.253***	0.046	0.373***	0.124**	0.871***
	[0.070]	[0.089]	[0.342]	[0.091]	[0.058]	[0.087]
Observations	1,777	3,258	3,258	1,748	3,258	3,258
R-squared	0.036	0.095	0.064	0.089	0.045	0.087
Mean of dep var in control group	0.095	0.535	1.538	0.1294	0.112	0.5471

Pregnant (Women)

Any Vaginal Sex

Days of Vaginal Sex

Used Condom

Condoms at Home

Safe/No Sex

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

Any Incentive

−0.003

0.012

0.039

−0.018

0.004

−0.012

[0.015]

[0.021]

[0.089]

[0.018]

[0.014]

[0.021]

Male

0.136***

0.455***

0.094***

0.082***

−0.099***

[0.020]

[0.089]

[0.018]

[0.014]

[0.020]

Married

0.029

0.315***

0.910***

−0.045

0.076***

−0.280***

[0.022]

[0.029]

[0.106]

[0.044]

[0.019]

[0.026]

Age

−0.005

0.003

0.041**

−0.011**

−0.004

−0.005

[0.003]

[0.005]

[0.018]

[0.005]

[0.003]

[0.004]

Age-squared

0.000

−0.000

−0.001***

0.000

0.000*

[0.000]

Some school

−0.023

0.022

0.097

−0.006

0.025*

−0.025

[0.017]

[0.026]

[0.106]

[0.019]

[0.014]

[0.025]

Number of children

−0.005

0.013***

0.060***

−0.003

−0.016***

[0.003]

[0.004]

[0.017]

[0.003]

[0.002]

[0.004]

Rumphi

0.003

−0.089***

−0.033

0.140***

0.054***

0.172***

[0.018]

[0.025]

[0.116]

[0.022]

[0.018]

[0.025]

Balaka

0.009

−0.133***

−0.293***

0.020

0.008

0.112***

[0.019]

[0.025]

[0.105]

[0.020]

[0.016]

[0.025]

Round 2

−0.002

−0.022

−0.078

−0.003

−0.001

−0.037**

[0.013]

[0.018]

[0.067]

[0.016]

[0.012]

[0.018]

Round 3

−0.002

−0.046**

−0.025

−0.026

−0.016

−0.020

[0.017]

[0.019]

[0.078]

[0.017]

[0.012]

[0.019]

Constant

0.249***

0.253***

0.046

0.373***

0.124**

0.871***

[0.070]

[0.089]

[0.342]

[0.091]

[0.058]

[0.087]

Observations

1,777

3,258

1,748

3,258

R-squared

0.036

0.095

0.064

0.089

0.045

0.087

Mean of dep var in control group

0.095

0.535

1.538

0.1294

0.112

0.5471

	Pregnant (Women)	Any Vaginal Sex	Days of Vaginal Sex	Used Condom	Condoms at Home	Safe/No Sex
Any Incentive	−0.003	0.012	0.039	−0.018	0.004	−0.012
	[0.015]	[0.021]	[0.089]	[0.018]	[0.014]	[0.021]
Male		0.136***	0.455***	0.094***	0.082***	−0.099***
		[0.020]	[0.089]	[0.018]	[0.014]	[0.020]
Married	0.029	0.315***	0.910***	−0.045	0.076***	−0.280***
	[0.022]	[0.029]	[0.106]	[0.044]	[0.019]	[0.026]
Age	−0.005	0.003	0.041**	−0.011**	−0.004	−0.005
	[0.003]	[0.005]	[0.018]	[0.005]	[0.003]	[0.004]
Age-squared	0.000	−0.000	−0.001***	0.000	0.000	0.000*
	[0.000]	[0.000]	[0.000]	[0.000]	[0.000]	[0.000]
Some school	−0.023	0.022	0.097	−0.006	0.025*	−0.025
	[0.017]	[0.026]	[0.106]	[0.019]	[0.014]	[0.025]
Number of children	−0.005	0.013***	0.060***	−0.003	−0.003	−0.016***
	[0.003]	[0.004]	[0.017]	[0.003]	[0.002]	[0.004]
Rumphi	0.003	−0.089***	−0.033	0.140***	0.054***	0.172***
	[0.018]	[0.025]	[0.116]	[0.022]	[0.018]	[0.025]
Balaka	0.009	−0.133***	−0.293***	0.020	0.008	0.112***
	[0.019]	[0.025]	[0.105]	[0.020]	[0.016]	[0.025]
Round 2	−0.002	−0.022	−0.078	−0.003	−0.001	−0.037**
	[0.013]	[0.018]	[0.067]	[0.016]	[0.012]	[0.018]
Round 3	−0.002	−0.046**	−0.025	−0.026	−0.016	−0.020
	[0.017]	[0.019]	[0.078]	[0.017]	[0.012]	[0.019]
Constant	0.249***	0.253***	0.046	0.373***	0.124**	0.871***
	[0.070]	[0.089]	[0.342]	[0.091]	[0.058]	[0.087]
Observations	1,777	3,258	3,258	1,748	3,258	3,258
R-squared	0.036	0.095	0.064	0.089	0.045	0.087
Mean of dep var in control group	0.095	0.535	1.538	0.1294	0.112	0.5471

Table 4.

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Impact of Incentive Offer on Reported Sexual Behavior, All Rounds, HIV-Negatives

	Pregnant (Women)	Any Vaginal Sex	Days of Vaginal Sex	Used Condom	Condoms at Home	Safe/No Sex
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)
Any Incentive	−0.003	0.012	0.039	−0.018	0.004	−0.012
	[0.015]	[0.021]	[0.089]	[0.018]	[0.014]	[0.021]
Male		0.136***	0.455***	0.094***	0.082***	−0.099***
		[0.020]	[0.089]	[0.018]	[0.014]	[0.020]
Married	0.029	0.315***	0.910***	−0.045	0.076***	−0.280***
	[0.022]	[0.029]	[0.106]	[0.044]	[0.019]	[0.026]
Age	−0.005	0.003	0.041**	−0.011**	−0.004	−0.005
	[0.003]	[0.005]	[0.018]	[0.005]	[0.003]	[0.004]
Age-squared	0.000	−0.000	−0.001***	0.000	0.000	0.000*
	[0.000]	[0.000]	[0.000]	[0.000]	[0.000]	[0.000]
Some school	−0.023	0.022	0.097	−0.006	0.025*	−0.025
	[0.017]	[0.026]	[0.106]	[0.019]	[0.014]	[0.025]
Number of children	−0.005	0.013***	0.060***	−0.003	−0.003	−0.016***
	[0.003]	[0.004]	[0.017]	[0.003]	[0.002]	[0.004]
Rumphi	0.003	−0.089***	−0.033	0.140***	0.054***	0.172***
	[0.018]	[0.025]	[0.116]	[0.022]	[0.018]	[0.025]
Balaka	0.009	−0.133***	−0.293***	0.020	0.008	0.112***
	[0.019]	[0.025]	[0.105]	[0.020]	[0.016]	[0.025]
Round 2	−0.002	−0.022	−0.078	−0.003	−0.001	−0.037**
	[0.013]	[0.018]	[0.067]	[0.016]	[0.012]	[0.018]
Round 3	−0.002	−0.046**	−0.025	−0.026	−0.016	−0.020
	[0.017]	[0.019]	[0.078]	[0.017]	[0.012]	[0.019]
Constant	0.249***	0.253***	0.046	0.373***	0.124**	0.871***
	[0.070]	[0.089]	[0.342]	[0.091]	[0.058]	[0.087]
Observations	1,777	3,258	3,258	1,748	3,258	3,258
R-squared	0.036	0.095	0.064	0.089	0.045	0.087
Mean of dep var in control group	0.095	0.535	1.538	0.1294	0.112	0.5471

	Pregnant (Women)	Any Vaginal Sex	Days of Vaginal Sex	Used Condom	Condoms at Home	Safe/No Sex
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)
Any Incentive	−0.003	0.012	0.039	−0.018	0.004	−0.012
	[0.015]	[0.021]	[0.089]	[0.018]	[0.014]	[0.021]
Male		0.136***	0.455***	0.094***	0.082***	−0.099***
		[0.020]	[0.089]	[0.018]	[0.014]	[0.020]
Married	0.029	0.315***	0.910***	−0.045	0.076***	−0.280***
	[0.022]	[0.029]	[0.106]	[0.044]	[0.019]	[0.026]
Age	−0.005	0.003	0.041**	−0.011**	−0.004	−0.005
	[0.003]	[0.005]	[0.018]	[0.005]	[0.003]	[0.004]
Age-squared	0.000	−0.000	−0.001***	0.000	0.000	0.000*
	[0.000]	[0.000]	[0.000]	[0.000]	[0.000]	[0.000]
Some school	−0.023	0.022	0.097	−0.006	0.025*	−0.025
	[0.017]	[0.026]	[0.106]	[0.019]	[0.014]	[0.025]
Number of children	−0.005	0.013***	0.060***	−0.003	−0.003	−0.016***
	[0.003]	[0.004]	[0.017]	[0.003]	[0.002]	[0.004]
Rumphi	0.003	−0.089***	−0.033	0.140***	0.054***	0.172***
	[0.018]	[0.025]	[0.116]	[0.022]	[0.018]	[0.025]
Balaka	0.009	−0.133***	−0.293***	0.020	0.008	0.112***
	[0.019]	[0.025]	[0.105]	[0.020]	[0.016]	[0.025]
Round 2	−0.002	−0.022	−0.078	−0.003	−0.001	−0.037**
	[0.013]	[0.018]	[0.067]	[0.016]	[0.012]	[0.018]
Round 3	−0.002	−0.046**	−0.025	−0.026	−0.016	−0.020
	[0.017]	[0.019]	[0.078]	[0.017]	[0.012]	[0.019]
Constant	0.249***	0.253***	0.046	0.373***	0.124**	0.871***
	[0.070]	[0.089]	[0.342]	[0.091]	[0.058]	[0.087]
Observations	1,777	3,258	3,258	1,748	3,258	3,258
R-squared	0.036	0.095	0.064	0.089	0.045	0.087
Mean of dep var in control group	0.095	0.535	1.538	0.1294	0.112	0.5471

* significant at 10%; ** significant at 5%; *** significant at 1%.

Note: All columns present OLS regressions. Robust standard errors clustered by individual, in brackets. “Used a condom” is conditional on reported sexual activity. “Safe Sex or No Sex” is equal to one if the respondent abstained from sex or used a condom and zero otherwise.

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