Table 5. Open in new tab Changes in...

	Schooling level of household head
% of households, 1997	26.90	40.50	6.40	22.70	3.60
Change in fees per pupil, 1997-2006 ($)	−2.50	−3.00	−4.60	−10.40	−25.50
FPE grant per pupil ($)	11.90	11.90	11.90	11.90	11.90
Scenario 1: EMIS data, perfect sorting
TPR change	−0.0016	−0.0053	−0.0084	−0.0128	−0.0313
Monetary value of TPR change ($)	−4.99	−16.52	−26.34	−40.37	−98.35
Net change in funding per pupil ($)	6.51	−5.52	−16.94	−36.77	−109.85
Scenario 2: survey data, perfect sorting
TPR change	0.0023	−0.0001	−0.0023	−0.0056	−0.0194
Monetary value of TPR change ($)	7.29	−0.47	−7.09	−17.50	−61.12
Net change in funding per pupil ($)	18.79	10.53	2.31	−13.90	−72.62
Scenario 3: survey data, no sorting
TPR change	−0.0003	−0.0003	−0.0003	−0.0003	−0.0003
Monetary value of TPR change ($)	−0.89	−0.89	−0.89	−0.89	−0.89
Net change in funding per pupil ($)	10.61	10.11	8.51	2.71	−12.39

Schooling level of household head

None

Some primary

Complete primary

Some secondary

Some tertiary

% of households, 1997

26.90

40.50

6.40

22.70

3.60

Change in fees per pupil, 1997-2006 ($)

−2.50

−3.00

−4.60

−10.40

−25.50

FPE grant per pupil ($)

11.90

Scenario 1: EMIS data, perfect sorting

TPR change

−0.0016

−0.0053

−0.0084

−0.0128

−0.0313

Monetary value of TPR change ($)

−4.99

−16.52

−26.34

−40.37

−98.35

Net change in funding per pupil ($)

6.51

−5.52

−16.94

−36.77

−109.85

Scenario 2: survey data, perfect sorting

TPR change

0.0023

−0.0001

−0.0023

−0.0056

−0.0194

Monetary value of TPR change ($)

7.29

−0.47

−7.09

−17.50

−61.12

Net change in funding per pupil ($)

18.79

10.53

2.31

−13.90

−72.62

Scenario 3: survey data, no sorting

TPR change

−0.0003

Monetary value of TPR change ($)

−0.89

Net change in funding per pupil ($)

10.61

10.11

8.51

2.71

−12.39

	Schooling level of household head
% of households, 1997	26.90	40.50	6.40	22.70	3.60
Change in fees per pupil, 1997-2006 ($)	−2.50	−3.00	−4.60	−10.40	−25.50
FPE grant per pupil ($)	11.90	11.90	11.90	11.90	11.90
Scenario 1: EMIS data, perfect sorting
TPR change	−0.0016	−0.0053	−0.0084	−0.0128	−0.0313
Monetary value of TPR change ($)	−4.99	−16.52	−26.34	−40.37	−98.35
Net change in funding per pupil ($)	6.51	−5.52	−16.94	−36.77	−109.85
Scenario 2: survey data, perfect sorting
TPR change	0.0023	−0.0001	−0.0023	−0.0056	−0.0194
Monetary value of TPR change ($)	7.29	−0.47	−7.09	−17.50	−61.12
Net change in funding per pupil ($)	18.79	10.53	2.31	−13.90	−72.62
Scenario 3: survey data, no sorting
TPR change	−0.0003	−0.0003	−0.0003	−0.0003	−0.0003
Monetary value of TPR change ($)	−0.89	−0.89	−0.89	−0.89	−0.89
Net change in funding per pupil ($)	10.61	10.11	8.51	2.71	−12.39

Table 5.

Open in new tab

Changes in Per-Pupil Funding in Public Schools, Before/After FPE

	Schooling level of household head
	None	Some primary	Complete primary	Some secondary	Some tertiary
% of households, 1997	26.90	40.50	6.40	22.70	3.60
Change in fees per pupil, 1997-2006 ($)	−2.50	−3.00	−4.60	−10.40	−25.50
FPE grant per pupil ($)	11.90	11.90	11.90	11.90	11.90
Scenario 1: EMIS data, perfect sorting
TPR change	−0.0016	−0.0053	−0.0084	−0.0128	−0.0313
Monetary value of TPR change ($)	−4.99	−16.52	−26.34	−40.37	−98.35
Net change in funding per pupil ($)	6.51	−5.52	−16.94	−36.77	−109.85
Scenario 2: survey data, perfect sorting
TPR change	0.0023	−0.0001	−0.0023	−0.0056	−0.0194
Monetary value of TPR change ($)	7.29	−0.47	−7.09	−17.50	−61.12
Net change in funding per pupil ($)	18.79	10.53	2.31	−13.90	−72.62
Scenario 3: survey data, no sorting
TPR change	−0.0003	−0.0003	−0.0003	−0.0003	−0.0003
Monetary value of TPR change ($)	−0.89	−0.89	−0.89	−0.89	−0.89
Net change in funding per pupil ($)	10.61	10.11	8.51	2.71	−12.39

	Schooling level of household head
	None	Some primary	Complete primary	Some secondary	Some tertiary
% of households, 1997	26.90	40.50	6.40	22.70	3.60
Change in fees per pupil, 1997-2006 ($)	−2.50	−3.00	−4.60	−10.40	−25.50
FPE grant per pupil ($)	11.90	11.90	11.90	11.90	11.90
Scenario 1: EMIS data, perfect sorting
TPR change	−0.0016	−0.0053	−0.0084	−0.0128	−0.0313
Monetary value of TPR change ($)	−4.99	−16.52	−26.34	−40.37	−98.35
Net change in funding per pupil ($)	6.51	−5.52	−16.94	−36.77	−109.85
Scenario 2: survey data, perfect sorting
TPR change	0.0023	−0.0001	−0.0023	−0.0056	−0.0194
Monetary value of TPR change ($)	7.29	−0.47	−7.09	−17.50	−61.12
Net change in funding per pupil ($)	18.79	10.53	2.31	−13.90	−72.62
Scenario 3: survey data, no sorting
TPR change	−0.0003	−0.0003	−0.0003	−0.0003	−0.0003
Monetary value of TPR change ($)	−0.89	−0.89	−0.89	−0.89	−0.89
Net change in funding per pupil ($)	10.61	10.11	8.51	2.71	−12.39

Source: Authors’ calculations as described in the text. Fee levels are based on the 1997 Welfare Monitoring Survey and 2006 Kenya Integrated Household Budget Survey. Pupil teacher ratios are based on administrative data from the Education Monitoring Information System (EMIS) for 2002 and 2005. Salary figures are taken from the Kenya National Examination Council KNEC10.

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