Symptoms

Fatigue, lack of energy/stamina, reduced strength

Glucocorticoids (adrenal androgens)

Anorexia, weight loss (in children: failure to thrive)

Glucocorticoids

Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting (more frequent in primary AI)

Mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids

Myalgia, joint pain

Glucocorticoids

Dizziness, postural hypotension

Mineralocorticoids

Salt craving (primary AI only)

Mineralocorticoids

Dry and itchy skin (in women)

Adrenal androgens

Loss/impairment of libido (in women)

Adrenal androgens

Signs

Skin hyperpigmentation (primary AI only)

Excess of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) derived peptides (primary AI)

Alabaster-coloured pale skin (secondary AI only)

Deficiency of POMC derived peptides (secondary AI)

Loss of axillary/pubic hair (in women)

Adrenal androgens

Fever

Glucocorticoids

Low blood pressure (systolic RR <100 mm Hg), postural hypotension (pronounced in primary AI)

Mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids

Anaemia, lymphocytosis, eosinophilia

Glucocorticoids

Serum creatinine ↑ (primary AI only)

Mineralocorticoids

Hyponatraemia

Mineralocorticoids, (glucocorticoids = SIADH)

hyperkalaemia (primary AI only)

mineralocorticoids

TSH ↑ (primary AI only)

Glucocorticoids (or autoimmune hypothyroidism)

Hypercalcaemia (primary AI only)

Glucocorticoids (rare, mostly observed if concurrent hyperthyroidism)

Hypoglycaemia

Glucocorticoids, (epinephrine deficiency?) (more frequent in children)