Table 1.
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The Means and Ends of Major Public Management Reform Movements

MeansEnds
OPALaws, public service training, charismatic authority, rational division of tasksEffectiveness, order, economic power
NPMDeregulation, decentralization, market competition, outsourcing, performance measurementEffectiveness, efficiency, accountability, customer focus, entrepreneurialism
Post-NPMDecentralization, information and knowledge sharing, collaboration, civil society strengtheningEffectiveness, cost-saving, intergovernmental problem solving, governmental relationship building
MeansEnds
OPALaws, public service training, charismatic authority, rational division of tasksEffectiveness, order, economic power
NPMDeregulation, decentralization, market competition, outsourcing, performance measurementEffectiveness, efficiency, accountability, customer focus, entrepreneurialism
Post-NPMDecentralization, information and knowledge sharing, collaboration, civil society strengtheningEffectiveness, cost-saving, intergovernmental problem solving, governmental relationship building
Table 1.
Open in new tab

The Means and Ends of Major Public Management Reform Movements

MeansEnds
OPALaws, public service training, charismatic authority, rational division of tasksEffectiveness, order, economic power
NPMDeregulation, decentralization, market competition, outsourcing, performance measurementEffectiveness, efficiency, accountability, customer focus, entrepreneurialism
Post-NPMDecentralization, information and knowledge sharing, collaboration, civil society strengtheningEffectiveness, cost-saving, intergovernmental problem solving, governmental relationship building
MeansEnds
OPALaws, public service training, charismatic authority, rational division of tasksEffectiveness, order, economic power
NPMDeregulation, decentralization, market competition, outsourcing, performance measurementEffectiveness, efficiency, accountability, customer focus, entrepreneurialism
Post-NPMDecentralization, information and knowledge sharing, collaboration, civil society strengtheningEffectiveness, cost-saving, intergovernmental problem solving, governmental relationship building
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