Table 35.2
HIV transmission risk following a single exposure to HIV infection*

Sexual intercourse

 Anal: receptive

0.1–3%

 Anal: insertive

0.06%

 Vaginal: receptive

0.1–0.2%

 Vaginal: insertive

0.03–0.09%

 Oral (fellatio): receptive

Up to 0.04%

 Oral: cunnilingus and insertive fellatio

No data but estimated to be at least half receptive rate

Sharing injecting equipment

0.7%

Single unit of blood

90–100%

Occupational

 Needlestick injury

0.3%

 Mucous membrane contact

0.1%

Sexual intercourse

 Anal: receptive

0.1–3%

 Anal: insertive

0.06%

 Vaginal: receptive

0.1–0.2%

 Vaginal: insertive

0.03–0.09%

 Oral (fellatio): receptive

Up to 0.04%

 Oral: cunnilingus and insertive fellatio

No data but estimated to be at least half receptive rate

Sharing injecting equipment

0.7%

Single unit of blood

90–100%

Occupational

 Needlestick injury

0.3%

 Mucous membrane contact

0.1%

*

Influenced by plasma and genital VLs, breaks in mucosal surfaces (e.g. trauma, genital ulcer disease).

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