Table 9.1
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Composition of stones
Stone composition% of all renal calculi*

Calcium oxalate

80–85

Uric acid**

5–10

Calcium phosphate + calcium oxalate

10

Pure calcium phosphate

Rare

Struvite (infection stones)

2–20

Cystine

1

Stone composition% of all renal calculi*

Calcium oxalate

80–85

Uric acid**

5–10

Calcium phosphate + calcium oxalate

10

Pure calcium phosphate

Rare

Struvite (infection stones)

2–20

Cystine

1

*

The precise distribution of stone types will vary depending on the characteristics of the study population (geographical location, racial distribution, etc.). Hence, the quoted figures do not equate to 100.

**

80% uric acid stones are pure uric acid, and 20% contain some calcium oxalate as well.

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