Table 1.6.1
Risk of venous thromboembolism derived from International Consensus Statement* and ACCP guidelines**
Procedure or conditionFatal PESymptomatic VTEAsymptomatic DVT

Hip fracture

?1%

4%

60%

Hip replacement

0.2–0.4%

3–4%

55%

Knee replacement

0.2%

3–4%

60%

Knee arthroscopy

?

0.2%?

7%

Isolated lower limb trauma

?

0.4–2%

10–35%

Spinal surgery

?

6%

18%

Spinal cord injury

?

13%

35%

Major trauma

?

?

58%

Procedure or conditionFatal PESymptomatic VTEAsymptomatic DVT

Hip fracture

?1%

4%

60%

Hip replacement

0.2–0.4%

3–4%

55%

Knee replacement

0.2%

3–4%

60%

Knee arthroscopy

?

0.2%?

7%

Isolated lower limb trauma

?

0.4–2%

10–35%

Spinal surgery

?

6%

18%

Spinal cord injury

?

13%

35%

Major trauma

?

?

58%

DVT, deep vein thrombosis; PE, pulmonary embolism; VTE, venous thromboembolism.

*

Nicolaides, A.N., Fareed, J., Kakkar, A.K., et al. (2006). Prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism. International Consensus Statement (guidelines according to scientific evidence). International Angiology, 25(2), 101–61.

**

Geerts, W.H., Pineo, G.F., and Heit, J.A. (2004). Prevention of venous thromboembolism: the seventh ACCP conference on antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy. Chest  126, 338S–340S.

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