Table 2 Open in new tab Characteristics...

No DD and normal NPs n = 353, 57%

No DD and high NPs n = 53, 9%

DD and normal NPs n = 150, 24%

DD and high NPs n = 67, 11%

p Value

Age

68 ± 7

70 ± 6^a

70 ± 7

0.002

Male (%)

206 (58)

29 (55)

75 (50)

39 (58)

0.37

BMI

29.2 ± 5.3

28.1 ± 5.9

29.1 ± 4.7

27.4 ± 3.9^a

0.040

Heart rate (bpm)

76 ± 14

72 ± 15

72 ± 12^a

75 ± 18

0.020

SBP (mm Hg)

149 ± 23

151 ± 23

157 ± 26^a

152 ± 24

0.005

Active smoker (%)

54 (15)

10 (19)

13 (9)^a

2 (3)^a

0.008

Hypertension (%)

314 (89)

46 (87)

134 (89)

56 (84)

0.83

Diabetes mellitus (%)

123 (35)

19 (36)

56 (37)

21 (31)

0.86

CKD (%)

74 (21)

17 (32)

39 (26)

11 (16)

0.32

Known CVD (%)

182 (52)

34 (64)

68 (45)

37 (55)

0.19

Atrial fib. (%)

1 (0.3)

2 (4)^a

1 (0.7)

19 (28)^a

<0.001

ACE-i/ARB (%)

244 (69)

36 (68)

109 (73)

48 (72)

0.35

Beta-block. (%)

113 (32)

27 (51)^a

53 (35)

37 (55)^a

0.003

Statin (%)

143 (41)

27 (51)

55 (37)

31 (46)

0.28

Diuretics (%)

57 (16)

6 (11)

21 (14)

10 (15)

0.52

Total cholesterol (mg/dl)

204 ± 41

193 ± 46

204 ± 41

196 ± 43

0.22

NT-proBNP (ng/l)

123 (65–213)

542 (432–892)^a

169 (103–270)

985 (586–1407)^a

<0.001

LVMi (g/m^2.7)

53 ± 15

56 ± 19

58 ± 14^a

63 ± 19^a

<0.001

LVH (%)

205 (58)

36 (68)

119 (79)^a

57 (85)^a

<0.001

LVEF (%)

62 ± 8

58 ± 11^a

62 ± 8

53 ± 13 ^a

<0.001

E/A

0.80 ± 0.27

0.92 ± 0.36

0.92 ± 0.43^a

1.34 ± 0.93^a

<0.001

Deceleration time (ms)

231 ± 62

218 ± 71

230 ± 64

211 ± 90

0.11

E’

0.072 ± 0.028

0.074 ± 0.024

0.064 ± 0.023^a

0.064 ± 0.026^a

0.009

E/E’

9.5 ± 2.8

9.8 ± 2.5

12.9 ± 5.4^a

14.6 ± 6.8 ^a

<0.001

LAVi (ml/m²)

22 ± 7

24 ± 8

40 ± 14^a

54 ± 25^a

<0.001

Table 2

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Characteristics of the DAVID-Berg population according to diastolic function and natriuretic peptides (NPs).

	No DD and normal NPs n = 353, 57%	No DD and high NPs n = 53, 9%	DD and normal NPs n = 150, 24%	DD and high NPs n = 67, 11%	p Value
Age	68 ± 7	68 ± 7	70 ± 6^a	70 ± 7	0.002
Male (%)	206 (58)	29 (55)	75 (50)	39 (58)	0.37
BMI	29.2 ± 5.3	28.1 ± 5.9	29.1 ± 4.7	27.4 ± 3.9^a	0.040
Heart rate (bpm)	76 ± 14	72 ± 15	72 ± 12^a	75 ± 18	0.020
SBP (mm Hg)	149 ± 23	151 ± 23	157 ± 26^a	152 ± 24	0.005
Active smoker (%)	54 (15)	10 (19)	13 (9)^a	2 (3)^a	0.008
Hypertension (%)	314 (89)	46 (87)	134 (89)	56 (84)	0.83
Diabetes mellitus (%)	123 (35)	19 (36)	56 (37)	21 (31)	0.86
CKD (%)	74 (21)	17 (32)	39 (26)	11 (16)	0.32
Known CVD (%)	182 (52)	34 (64)	68 (45)	37 (55)	0.19
Atrial fib. (%)	1 (0.3)	2 (4)^a	1 (0.7)	19 (28)^a	<0.001
ACE-i/ARB (%)	244 (69)	36 (68)	109 (73)	48 (72)	0.35
Beta-block. (%)	113 (32)	27 (51)^a	53 (35)	37 (55)^a	0.003
Statin (%)	143 (41)	27 (51)	55 (37)	31 (46)	0.28
Diuretics (%)	57 (16)	6 (11)	21 (14)	10 (15)	0.52
Total cholesterol (mg/dl)	204 ± 41	193 ± 46	204 ± 41	196 ± 43	0.22
NT-proBNP (ng/l)	123 (65–213)	542 (432–892)^a	169 (103–270)	985 (586–1407)^a	<0.001
LVMi (g/m^2.7)	53 ± 15	56 ± 19	58 ± 14^a	63 ± 19^a	<0.001
LVH (%)	205 (58)	36 (68)	119 (79)^a	57 (85)^a	<0.001
LVEF (%)	62 ± 8	58 ± 11^a	62 ± 8	53 ± 13 ^a	<0.001
E/A	0.80 ± 0.27	0.92 ± 0.36	0.92 ± 0.43^a	1.34 ± 0.93^a	<0.001
Deceleration time (ms)	231 ± 62	218 ± 71	230 ± 64	211 ± 90	0.11
E’	0.072 ± 0.028	0.074 ± 0.024	0.064 ± 0.023^a	0.064 ± 0.026^a	0.009
E/E’	9.5 ± 2.8	9.8 ± 2.5	12.9 ± 5.4^a	14.6 ± 6.8 ^a	<0.001
LAVi (ml/m²)	22 ± 7	24 ± 8	40 ± 14^a	54 ± 25^a	<0.001

	No DD and normal NPs n = 353, 57%	No DD and high NPs n = 53, 9%	DD and normal NPs n = 150, 24%	DD and high NPs n = 67, 11%	p Value
Age	68 ± 7	68 ± 7	70 ± 6^a	70 ± 7	0.002
Male (%)	206 (58)	29 (55)	75 (50)	39 (58)	0.37
BMI	29.2 ± 5.3	28.1 ± 5.9	29.1 ± 4.7	27.4 ± 3.9^a	0.040
Heart rate (bpm)	76 ± 14	72 ± 15	72 ± 12^a	75 ± 18	0.020
SBP (mm Hg)	149 ± 23	151 ± 23	157 ± 26^a	152 ± 24	0.005
Active smoker (%)	54 (15)	10 (19)	13 (9)^a	2 (3)^a	0.008
Hypertension (%)	314 (89)	46 (87)	134 (89)	56 (84)	0.83
Diabetes mellitus (%)	123 (35)	19 (36)	56 (37)	21 (31)	0.86
CKD (%)	74 (21)	17 (32)	39 (26)	11 (16)	0.32
Known CVD (%)	182 (52)	34 (64)	68 (45)	37 (55)	0.19
Atrial fib. (%)	1 (0.3)	2 (4)^a	1 (0.7)	19 (28)^a	<0.001
ACE-i/ARB (%)	244 (69)	36 (68)	109 (73)	48 (72)	0.35
Beta-block. (%)	113 (32)	27 (51)^a	53 (35)	37 (55)^a	0.003
Statin (%)	143 (41)	27 (51)	55 (37)	31 (46)	0.28
Diuretics (%)	57 (16)	6 (11)	21 (14)	10 (15)	0.52
Total cholesterol (mg/dl)	204 ± 41	193 ± 46	204 ± 41	196 ± 43	0.22
NT-proBNP (ng/l)	123 (65–213)	542 (432–892)^a	169 (103–270)	985 (586–1407)^a	<0.001
LVMi (g/m^2.7)	53 ± 15	56 ± 19	58 ± 14^a	63 ± 19^a	<0.001
LVH (%)	205 (58)	36 (68)	119 (79)^a	57 (85)^a	<0.001
LVEF (%)	62 ± 8	58 ± 11^a	62 ± 8	53 ± 13 ^a	<0.001
E/A	0.80 ± 0.27	0.92 ± 0.36	0.92 ± 0.43^a	1.34 ± 0.93^a	<0.001
Deceleration time (ms)	231 ± 62	218 ± 71	230 ± 64	211 ± 90	0.11
E’	0.072 ± 0.028	0.074 ± 0.024	0.064 ± 0.023^a	0.064 ± 0.026^a	0.009
E/E’	9.5 ± 2.8	9.8 ± 2.5	12.9 ± 5.4^a	14.6 ± 6.8 ^a	<0.001
LAVi (ml/m²)	22 ± 7	24 ± 8	40 ± 14^a	54 ± 25^a	<0.001

ACE-i, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ANOVA, analysis of variance; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; block., blocker; BMI, body mass index; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DD, diastolic dysfunction; fib., fibrillation; LAVi, left atrial volume indexed to BSA; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy; LVMi, left ventricular mass indexed to height^2.7; NP, natriuretic peptide; NT-proBNP, N-terminal fragment of proB-type natriuretic peptide; SBP, systolic blood pressure.

Values of p provided are related to comparison between the four groups of patients by using ANOVA or chi-square test (Fisher’s exact test as appropriate).

p < 0.05 for comparison with the control group (i.e. no DD and normal NPs).

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