Table 5A. Open in new tab Difference in...

	Gaza province	Nampula province	Sofala province
Outcomes:
Yield	3411.967	2554.737	857.230*	1250.660	1181.807	68.852	1089.927	962.903	127.024
Cost efficiency	9569.796	9661.015	–91.219	10,780.504	12,745.992	–1965.488	15,782.735	25,143.234	–9360.499**
Inputs:
Seed input	116.980	84.672	32.308*	289.450	251.472	37.978	116.649	128.866	–12.217
Fertilizer input	114.848	32.325	82.523***	0.000	0.354	–0.354	0.000	0.000	0.000
Hired labor input	4006.447	6586.743	–2580.295*	1735.391	2668.471	–933.081	4710.259	5908.900	–1198.641
Farm characteristics:
Irrigated lowland	0.571	0.860	–0.288**	0.136	0.189	–0.052	0.275	0.265	0.010
Rainfed lowland	0.405	0.123	0.282**	0.523	0.566	–0.043	0.675	0.612	0.063
Upland	0.024	0.018	0.006	0.341	0.245	0.096	0.050	0.122	–0.072
Transplanted rice	0.095	0.439	–0.343***	0.614	0.642	–0.028	0.062	0.184	–0.121*
Clay soil	0.190	0.158	0.033	0.455	0.358	0.096	0.062	0.184	–0.121*
Loam soil	0.810	0.825	–0.015	0.432	0.538	–0.106	0.825	0.694	0.131
Other soil	0.000	0.018	–0.018	0.114	0.104	0.010	0.113	0.122	–0.010
Household characteristics:
Male household head	0.667	0.579	0.088	0.682	0.849	–0.167*	0.575	0.592	–0.017
Education	4.238	3.895	0.343	4.136	3.396	0.740	4.975	5.592	–0.617
Farm experience	5.476	9.368	–3.892*	8.705	10.547	–1.843	7.737	8.265	–0.528
Household size	5.190	6.158	–0.967*	4.909	5.104	–0.195	5.713	4.918	0.794*
Distances:
Distance from seed source	58.643	38.509	20.134*	48.280	39.844	8.435	58.041	46.735	11.307
Distance from extension office	63.402	44.553	18.849*		83.917	–19.506	60.132	56.268	3.864
Cultivated varieties:
Improved non-GSR variety		1.000			0.000			0.469
Traditional variety		0.000			1.000			0.531
Observations	42	57	99	44	106	150	80	49	129

Gaza province

Nampula province

Sofala province

Adopters

Non-adopter

Mean diff.

Adopters

Non-adopter

Mean diff.

Adopters

Non-adopter

Mean diff.

Outcomes:

Yield

3411.967

2554.737

857.230*

1250.660

1181.807

68.852

1089.927

962.903

127.024

Cost efficiency

9569.796

9661.015

–91.219

10,780.504

12,745.992

–1965.488

15,782.735

25,143.234

–9360.499**

Inputs:

Seed input

116.980

84.672

32.308*

289.450

251.472

37.978

116.649

128.866

–12.217

Fertilizer input

114.848

32.325

82.523***

0.000

0.354

–0.354

0.000

Hired labor input

4006.447

6586.743

–2580.295*

1735.391

2668.471

–933.081

4710.259

5908.900

–1198.641

Farm characteristics:

Irrigated lowland

0.571

0.860

–0.288**

0.136

0.189

–0.052

0.275

0.265

0.010

Rainfed lowland

0.405

0.123

0.282**

0.523

0.566

–0.043

0.675

0.612

0.063

Upland

0.024

0.018

0.006

0.341

0.245

0.096

0.050

0.122

–0.072

Transplanted rice

0.095

0.439

–0.343***

0.614

0.642

–0.028

0.062

0.184

–0.121*

Clay soil

0.190

0.158

0.033

0.455

0.358

0.096

0.062

0.184

–0.121*

Loam soil

0.810

0.825

–0.015

0.432

0.538

–0.106

0.825

0.694

0.131

Other soil

0.000

0.018

–0.018

0.114

0.104

0.010

0.113

0.122

–0.010

Household characteristics:

Male household head

0.667

0.579

0.088

0.682

0.849

–0.167*

0.575

0.592

–0.017

Education

4.238

3.895

0.343

4.136

3.396

0.740

4.975

5.592

–0.617

Farm experience

5.476

9.368

–3.892*

8.705

10.547

–1.843

7.737

8.265

–0.528

Household size

5.190

6.158

–0.967*

4.909

5.104

–0.195

5.713

4.918

0.794*

Distances:

Distance from seed source

58.643

38.509

20.134*

48.280

39.844

8.435

58.041

46.735

11.307

Distance from extension office

63.402

44.553

18.849*

83.917

–19.506

60.132

56.268

3.864

Cultivated varieties:

Improved non-GSR variety

1.000

0.000

0.469

Traditional variety

0.000

1.000

0.531

Observations

106

150

129

	Gaza province	Nampula province	Sofala province
Outcomes:
Yield	3411.967	2554.737	857.230*	1250.660	1181.807	68.852	1089.927	962.903	127.024
Cost efficiency	9569.796	9661.015	–91.219	10,780.504	12,745.992	–1965.488	15,782.735	25,143.234	–9360.499**
Inputs:
Seed input	116.980	84.672	32.308*	289.450	251.472	37.978	116.649	128.866	–12.217
Fertilizer input	114.848	32.325	82.523***	0.000	0.354	–0.354	0.000	0.000	0.000
Hired labor input	4006.447	6586.743	–2580.295*	1735.391	2668.471	–933.081	4710.259	5908.900	–1198.641
Farm characteristics:
Irrigated lowland	0.571	0.860	–0.288**	0.136	0.189	–0.052	0.275	0.265	0.010
Rainfed lowland	0.405	0.123	0.282**	0.523	0.566	–0.043	0.675	0.612	0.063
Upland	0.024	0.018	0.006	0.341	0.245	0.096	0.050	0.122	–0.072
Transplanted rice	0.095	0.439	–0.343***	0.614	0.642	–0.028	0.062	0.184	–0.121*
Clay soil	0.190	0.158	0.033	0.455	0.358	0.096	0.062	0.184	–0.121*
Loam soil	0.810	0.825	–0.015	0.432	0.538	–0.106	0.825	0.694	0.131
Other soil	0.000	0.018	–0.018	0.114	0.104	0.010	0.113	0.122	–0.010
Household characteristics:
Male household head	0.667	0.579	0.088	0.682	0.849	–0.167*	0.575	0.592	–0.017
Education	4.238	3.895	0.343	4.136	3.396	0.740	4.975	5.592	–0.617
Farm experience	5.476	9.368	–3.892*	8.705	10.547	–1.843	7.737	8.265	–0.528
Household size	5.190	6.158	–0.967*	4.909	5.104	–0.195	5.713	4.918	0.794*
Distances:
Distance from seed source	58.643	38.509	20.134*	48.280	39.844	8.435	58.041	46.735	11.307
Distance from extension office	63.402	44.553	18.849*		83.917	–19.506	60.132	56.268	3.864
Cultivated varieties:
Improved non-GSR variety		1.000			0.000			0.469
Traditional variety		0.000			1.000			0.531
Observations	42	57	99	44	106	150	80	49	129

Table 5A.

Open in new tab

Difference in sample means: before the matching.

	Gaza province			Nampula province			Sofala province
	Adopters	Non-adopter	Mean diff.	Adopters	Non-adopter	Mean diff.	Adopters	Non-adopter	Mean diff.
Outcomes:
Yield	3411.967	2554.737	857.230*	1250.660	1181.807	68.852	1089.927	962.903	127.024
Cost efficiency	9569.796	9661.015	–91.219	10,780.504	12,745.992	–1965.488	15,782.735	25,143.234	–9360.499**
Inputs:
Seed input	116.980	84.672	32.308*	289.450	251.472	37.978	116.649	128.866	–12.217
Fertilizer input	114.848	32.325	82.523***	0.000	0.354	–0.354	0.000	0.000	0.000
Hired labor input	4006.447	6586.743	–2580.295*	1735.391	2668.471	–933.081	4710.259	5908.900	–1198.641
Farm characteristics:
Irrigated lowland	0.571	0.860	–0.288**	0.136	0.189	–0.052	0.275	0.265	0.010
Rainfed lowland	0.405	0.123	0.282**	0.523	0.566	–0.043	0.675	0.612	0.063
Upland	0.024	0.018	0.006	0.341	0.245	0.096	0.050	0.122	–0.072
Transplanted rice	0.095	0.439	–0.343***	0.614	0.642	–0.028	0.062	0.184	–0.121*
Clay soil	0.190	0.158	0.033	0.455	0.358	0.096	0.062	0.184	–0.121*
Loam soil	0.810	0.825	–0.015	0.432	0.538	–0.106	0.825	0.694	0.131
Other soil	0.000	0.018	–0.018	0.114	0.104	0.010	0.113	0.122	–0.010
Household characteristics:
Male household head	0.667	0.579	0.088	0.682	0.849	–0.167*	0.575	0.592	–0.017
Education	4.238	3.895	0.343	4.136	3.396	0.740	4.975	5.592	–0.617
Farm experience	5.476	9.368	–3.892*	8.705	10.547	–1.843	7.737	8.265	–0.528
Household size	5.190	6.158	–0.967*	4.909	5.104	–0.195	5.713	4.918	0.794*
Distances:
Distance from seed source	58.643	38.509	20.134*	48.280	39.844	8.435	58.041	46.735	11.307
Distance from extension office	63.402	44.553	18.849*		83.917	–19.506	60.132	56.268	3.864
Cultivated varieties:
Improved non-GSR variety		1.000			0.000			0.469
Traditional variety		0.000			1.000			0.531
Observations	42	57	99	44	106	150	80	49	129

	Gaza province			Nampula province			Sofala province
	Adopters	Non-adopter	Mean diff.	Adopters	Non-adopter	Mean diff.	Adopters	Non-adopter	Mean diff.
Outcomes:
Yield	3411.967	2554.737	857.230*	1250.660	1181.807	68.852	1089.927	962.903	127.024
Cost efficiency	9569.796	9661.015	–91.219	10,780.504	12,745.992	–1965.488	15,782.735	25,143.234	–9360.499**
Inputs:
Seed input	116.980	84.672	32.308*	289.450	251.472	37.978	116.649	128.866	–12.217
Fertilizer input	114.848	32.325	82.523***	0.000	0.354	–0.354	0.000	0.000	0.000
Hired labor input	4006.447	6586.743	–2580.295*	1735.391	2668.471	–933.081	4710.259	5908.900	–1198.641
Farm characteristics:
Irrigated lowland	0.571	0.860	–0.288**	0.136	0.189	–0.052	0.275	0.265	0.010
Rainfed lowland	0.405	0.123	0.282**	0.523	0.566	–0.043	0.675	0.612	0.063
Upland	0.024	0.018	0.006	0.341	0.245	0.096	0.050	0.122	–0.072
Transplanted rice	0.095	0.439	–0.343***	0.614	0.642	–0.028	0.062	0.184	–0.121*
Clay soil	0.190	0.158	0.033	0.455	0.358	0.096	0.062	0.184	–0.121*
Loam soil	0.810	0.825	–0.015	0.432	0.538	–0.106	0.825	0.694	0.131
Other soil	0.000	0.018	–0.018	0.114	0.104	0.010	0.113	0.122	–0.010
Household characteristics:
Male household head	0.667	0.579	0.088	0.682	0.849	–0.167*	0.575	0.592	–0.017
Education	4.238	3.895	0.343	4.136	3.396	0.740	4.975	5.592	–0.617
Farm experience	5.476	9.368	–3.892*	8.705	10.547	–1.843	7.737	8.265	–0.528
Household size	5.190	6.158	–0.967*	4.909	5.104	–0.195	5.713	4.918	0.794*
Distances:
Distance from seed source	58.643	38.509	20.134*	48.280	39.844	8.435	58.041	46.735	11.307
Distance from extension office	63.402	44.553	18.849*		83.917	–19.506	60.132	56.268	3.864
Cultivated varieties:
Improved non-GSR variety		1.000			0.000			0.469
Traditional variety		0.000			1.000			0.531
Observations	42	57	99	44	106	150	80	49	129

Notes: ‘Mean Diff.’ denotes the difference between means of adopters and non-adopters. To compare the means, the t-test is used for a continuous variable and the test for equality of proportions is used for binary variables. Asterisks (*, **, and ***) denote significance at 10, 5, and 1 per cent levels, respectively. 1 USD is equal to 73.10 MZN.

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