Table 2 Open in new tab Primary...

		5 years following index date	10 years following index date	15 years following index date
Aortic aneurysms
Unadjusted	324	1.5 (1.2, 1.7)	0.6 (0.3, 0.9)	1.70 (1.41, 2.06)	3.3 (2.8, 3.7)	1.7 (1.2, 2.1)	2.06 (1.79, 2.38)	5.0 (4.4, 5.6)	2.9 (2.3, 3.5)	2.38 (2.09, 2.71)
Adjusted^a			0.6 (0.3, 0.9)	1.40 (1.12, 1.74)		1.7 (1.2, 2.1)	1.68 (1.42, 1.99)		2.9 (2.3, 3.5)	2.07 (1.72, 2.50)
Thoracic aortic aneurysms
Unadjusted	118	0.4 (0.3, 0.6)	0.3 (0.2, 0.5)	4.49 (3.00, 6.72)	1.1 (0.9, 1.4)	1.0 (0.7, 1.2)	6.52 (4.90, 8.67)	1.9 (1.5, 2.2)	1.6 (1.2, 2.0)	7.53 (5.81, 9.76)
Adjusted^a			0.3 (0.2, 4.6)	4.97 (2.88, 8.57)		1.0 (0.7, 1.2)	7.39 (5.23, 10.5)		1.6 (1.2, 2.0)	11.2 (7.41, 16.9)
Abdominal aortic aneurysms
Unadjusted	115	0.6 (0.4, 0.8)	0.0 (−0.2, 0.2)	1.03 (0.78, 1.37)	1.2 (0.9, 1.5)	0.1 (−0.2, 0.4)	1.08 (0.87, 1.36)	1.8 (1.4, 2.2)	0.3 (−0.1, 0.7)	1.18 (0.99, 1.50)
Adjusted^a			0.0 (−0.2, 0.2)	1.00 (0.72, 1.40)		0.1 (−0.2, 0.4)	0.96 (0.74, 1.24)		0.3 (−0.1, 0.6)	1.04 (0.83, 1.32)
Aortic dissection
Unadjusted	61	0.2 (0.1, 0.3)	0.2 (0.1, 0.3)	3.39 (2.04, 5.65)	0.6 (0.4, 0.7)	0.4 (0.3, 0.6)	4.37 (3.00, 6.37)	1.0 (0.7, 1.2)	0.8 (0.5, 1.1)	5.18 (3.70, 7.24)
Adjusted^a			0.2 (0.1, 0.3)	3.30 (1.88, 5.80)		0.4 (0.3, 0.6)	5.17 (2.92, 9.16)		0.8 (0.5, 1.1)	6.86 (4.13, 11.4)
Peripheral arterial disease
Unadjusted	336	2.0 (1.7, 2.3)	0.8 (0.5, 1.1)	1.71 (1.46, 2.01)	3.7 (3.2, 4.1)	1.4 (1.0, 1.9)	1.62 (1.43, 1.85)	4.8 (4.2, 5.3)	1.7 (1.2, 2.3)	1.57 (1.38, 1.77)
Adjusted^a			0.8 (0.5, 1.1)	1.58 (1.33, 1.88)		1.4 (0.9, 1.8)	1.60 (1.40, 1.83)		1.7 (1.2, 2.3)	1.53 (1.35, 1.74)

5 years following index date

10 years following index date

15 years following index date

Events

CIP (95% CI)

RD (95% CI)

RR (95% CI)

CIP (95% CI)

RD (95% CI)

RR (95% CI)

CIP (95% CI)

RD (95% CI)

RR (95% CI)

Aortic aneurysms

Unadjusted

324

1.5 (1.2, 1.7)

0.6 (0.3, 0.9)

1.70 (1.41, 2.06)

3.3 (2.8, 3.7)

1.7 (1.2, 2.1)

2.06 (1.79, 2.38)

5.0 (4.4, 5.6)

2.9 (2.3, 3.5)

2.38 (2.09, 2.71)

Adjusted^a

0.6 (0.3, 0.9)

1.40 (1.12, 1.74)

1.7 (1.2, 2.1)

1.68 (1.42, 1.99)

2.9 (2.3, 3.5)

2.07 (1.72, 2.50)

Thoracic aortic aneurysms

Unadjusted

118

0.4 (0.3, 0.6)

0.3 (0.2, 0.5)

4.49 (3.00, 6.72)

1.1 (0.9, 1.4)

1.0 (0.7, 1.2)

6.52 (4.90, 8.67)

1.9 (1.5, 2.2)

1.6 (1.2, 2.0)

7.53 (5.81, 9.76)

Adjusted^a

0.3 (0.2, 4.6)

4.97 (2.88, 8.57)

1.0 (0.7, 1.2)

7.39 (5.23, 10.5)

1.6 (1.2, 2.0)

11.2 (7.41, 16.9)

Abdominal aortic aneurysms

Unadjusted

115

0.6 (0.4, 0.8)

0.0 (−0.2, 0.2)

1.03 (0.78, 1.37)

1.2 (0.9, 1.5)

0.1 (−0.2, 0.4)

1.08 (0.87, 1.36)

1.8 (1.4, 2.2)

0.3 (−0.1, 0.7)

1.18 (0.99, 1.50)

Adjusted^a

0.0 (−0.2, 0.2)

1.00 (0.72, 1.40)

0.1 (−0.2, 0.4)

0.96 (0.74, 1.24)

0.3 (−0.1, 0.6)

1.04 (0.83, 1.32)

Aortic dissection

Unadjusted

0.2 (0.1, 0.3)

3.39 (2.04, 5.65)

0.6 (0.4, 0.7)

0.4 (0.3, 0.6)

4.37 (3.00, 6.37)

1.0 (0.7, 1.2)

0.8 (0.5, 1.1)

5.18 (3.70, 7.24)

Adjusted^a

0.2 (0.1, 0.3)

3.30 (1.88, 5.80)

0.4 (0.3, 0.6)

5.17 (2.92, 9.16)

0.8 (0.5, 1.1)

6.86 (4.13, 11.4)

Peripheral arterial disease

Unadjusted

336

2.0 (1.7, 2.3)

0.8 (0.5, 1.1)

1.71 (1.46, 2.01)

3.7 (3.2, 4.1)

1.4 (1.0, 1.9)

1.62 (1.43, 1.85)

4.8 (4.2, 5.3)

1.7 (1.2, 2.3)

1.57 (1.38, 1.77)

Adjusted^a

0.8 (0.5, 1.1)

1.58 (1.33, 1.88)

1.4 (0.9, 1.8)

1.60 (1.40, 1.83)

1.7 (1.2, 2.3)

1.53 (1.35, 1.74)

		5 years following index date	10 years following index date	15 years following index date
Aortic aneurysms
Unadjusted	324	1.5 (1.2, 1.7)	0.6 (0.3, 0.9)	1.70 (1.41, 2.06)	3.3 (2.8, 3.7)	1.7 (1.2, 2.1)	2.06 (1.79, 2.38)	5.0 (4.4, 5.6)	2.9 (2.3, 3.5)	2.38 (2.09, 2.71)
Adjusted^a			0.6 (0.3, 0.9)	1.40 (1.12, 1.74)		1.7 (1.2, 2.1)	1.68 (1.42, 1.99)		2.9 (2.3, 3.5)	2.07 (1.72, 2.50)
Thoracic aortic aneurysms
Unadjusted	118	0.4 (0.3, 0.6)	0.3 (0.2, 0.5)	4.49 (3.00, 6.72)	1.1 (0.9, 1.4)	1.0 (0.7, 1.2)	6.52 (4.90, 8.67)	1.9 (1.5, 2.2)	1.6 (1.2, 2.0)	7.53 (5.81, 9.76)
Adjusted^a			0.3 (0.2, 4.6)	4.97 (2.88, 8.57)		1.0 (0.7, 1.2)	7.39 (5.23, 10.5)		1.6 (1.2, 2.0)	11.2 (7.41, 16.9)
Abdominal aortic aneurysms
Unadjusted	115	0.6 (0.4, 0.8)	0.0 (−0.2, 0.2)	1.03 (0.78, 1.37)	1.2 (0.9, 1.5)	0.1 (−0.2, 0.4)	1.08 (0.87, 1.36)	1.8 (1.4, 2.2)	0.3 (−0.1, 0.7)	1.18 (0.99, 1.50)
Adjusted^a			0.0 (−0.2, 0.2)	1.00 (0.72, 1.40)		0.1 (−0.2, 0.4)	0.96 (0.74, 1.24)		0.3 (−0.1, 0.6)	1.04 (0.83, 1.32)
Aortic dissection
Unadjusted	61	0.2 (0.1, 0.3)	0.2 (0.1, 0.3)	3.39 (2.04, 5.65)	0.6 (0.4, 0.7)	0.4 (0.3, 0.6)	4.37 (3.00, 6.37)	1.0 (0.7, 1.2)	0.8 (0.5, 1.1)	5.18 (3.70, 7.24)
Adjusted^a			0.2 (0.1, 0.3)	3.30 (1.88, 5.80)		0.4 (0.3, 0.6)	5.17 (2.92, 9.16)		0.8 (0.5, 1.1)	6.86 (4.13, 11.4)
Peripheral arterial disease
Unadjusted	336	2.0 (1.7, 2.3)	0.8 (0.5, 1.1)	1.71 (1.46, 2.01)	3.7 (3.2, 4.1)	1.4 (1.0, 1.9)	1.62 (1.43, 1.85)	4.8 (4.2, 5.3)	1.7 (1.2, 2.3)	1.57 (1.38, 1.77)
Adjusted^a			0.8 (0.5, 1.1)	1.58 (1.33, 1.88)		1.4 (0.9, 1.8)	1.60 (1.40, 1.83)		1.7 (1.2, 2.3)	1.53 (1.35, 1.74)

Table 2

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Primary outcomes: risk of vascular complications in the GCA cohort compared with the reference cohort

		5 years following index date			10 years following index date			15 years following index date
	Events	CIP (95% CI)	RD (95% CI)	RR (95% CI)	CIP (95% CI)	RD (95% CI)	RR (95% CI)	CIP (95% CI)	RD (95% CI)	RR (95% CI)
Aortic aneurysms
Unadjusted	324	1.5 (1.2, 1.7)	0.6 (0.3, 0.9)	1.70 (1.41, 2.06)	3.3 (2.8, 3.7)	1.7 (1.2, 2.1)	2.06 (1.79, 2.38)	5.0 (4.4, 5.6)	2.9 (2.3, 3.5)	2.38 (2.09, 2.71)
Adjusted^a			0.6 (0.3, 0.9)	1.40 (1.12, 1.74)		1.7 (1.2, 2.1)	1.68 (1.42, 1.99)		2.9 (2.3, 3.5)	2.07 (1.72, 2.50)
Thoracic aortic aneurysms
Unadjusted	118	0.4 (0.3, 0.6)	0.3 (0.2, 0.5)	4.49 (3.00, 6.72)	1.1 (0.9, 1.4)	1.0 (0.7, 1.2)	6.52 (4.90, 8.67)	1.9 (1.5, 2.2)	1.6 (1.2, 2.0)	7.53 (5.81, 9.76)
Adjusted^a			0.3 (0.2, 4.6)	4.97 (2.88, 8.57)		1.0 (0.7, 1.2)	7.39 (5.23, 10.5)		1.6 (1.2, 2.0)	11.2 (7.41, 16.9)
Abdominal aortic aneurysms
Unadjusted	115	0.6 (0.4, 0.8)	0.0 (−0.2, 0.2)	1.03 (0.78, 1.37)	1.2 (0.9, 1.5)	0.1 (−0.2, 0.4)	1.08 (0.87, 1.36)	1.8 (1.4, 2.2)	0.3 (−0.1, 0.7)	1.18 (0.99, 1.50)
Adjusted^a			0.0 (−0.2, 0.2)	1.00 (0.72, 1.40)		0.1 (−0.2, 0.4)	0.96 (0.74, 1.24)		0.3 (−0.1, 0.6)	1.04 (0.83, 1.32)
Aortic dissection
Unadjusted	61	0.2 (0.1, 0.3)	0.2 (0.1, 0.3)	3.39 (2.04, 5.65)	0.6 (0.4, 0.7)	0.4 (0.3, 0.6)	4.37 (3.00, 6.37)	1.0 (0.7, 1.2)	0.8 (0.5, 1.1)	5.18 (3.70, 7.24)
Adjusted^a			0.2 (0.1, 0.3)	3.30 (1.88, 5.80)		0.4 (0.3, 0.6)	5.17 (2.92, 9.16)		0.8 (0.5, 1.1)	6.86 (4.13, 11.4)
Peripheral arterial disease
Unadjusted	336	2.0 (1.7, 2.3)	0.8 (0.5, 1.1)	1.71 (1.46, 2.01)	3.7 (3.2, 4.1)	1.4 (1.0, 1.9)	1.62 (1.43, 1.85)	4.8 (4.2, 5.3)	1.7 (1.2, 2.3)	1.57 (1.38, 1.77)
Adjusted^a			0.8 (0.5, 1.1)	1.58 (1.33, 1.88)		1.4 (0.9, 1.8)	1.60 (1.40, 1.83)		1.7 (1.2, 2.3)	1.53 (1.35, 1.74)

		5 years following index date			10 years following index date			15 years following index date
	Events	CIP (95% CI)	RD (95% CI)	RR (95% CI)	CIP (95% CI)	RD (95% CI)	RR (95% CI)	CIP (95% CI)	RD (95% CI)	RR (95% CI)
Aortic aneurysms
Unadjusted	324	1.5 (1.2, 1.7)	0.6 (0.3, 0.9)	1.70 (1.41, 2.06)	3.3 (2.8, 3.7)	1.7 (1.2, 2.1)	2.06 (1.79, 2.38)	5.0 (4.4, 5.6)	2.9 (2.3, 3.5)	2.38 (2.09, 2.71)
Adjusted^a			0.6 (0.3, 0.9)	1.40 (1.12, 1.74)		1.7 (1.2, 2.1)	1.68 (1.42, 1.99)		2.9 (2.3, 3.5)	2.07 (1.72, 2.50)
Thoracic aortic aneurysms
Unadjusted	118	0.4 (0.3, 0.6)	0.3 (0.2, 0.5)	4.49 (3.00, 6.72)	1.1 (0.9, 1.4)	1.0 (0.7, 1.2)	6.52 (4.90, 8.67)	1.9 (1.5, 2.2)	1.6 (1.2, 2.0)	7.53 (5.81, 9.76)
Adjusted^a			0.3 (0.2, 4.6)	4.97 (2.88, 8.57)		1.0 (0.7, 1.2)	7.39 (5.23, 10.5)		1.6 (1.2, 2.0)	11.2 (7.41, 16.9)
Abdominal aortic aneurysms
Unadjusted	115	0.6 (0.4, 0.8)	0.0 (−0.2, 0.2)	1.03 (0.78, 1.37)	1.2 (0.9, 1.5)	0.1 (−0.2, 0.4)	1.08 (0.87, 1.36)	1.8 (1.4, 2.2)	0.3 (−0.1, 0.7)	1.18 (0.99, 1.50)
Adjusted^a			0.0 (−0.2, 0.2)	1.00 (0.72, 1.40)		0.1 (−0.2, 0.4)	0.96 (0.74, 1.24)		0.3 (−0.1, 0.6)	1.04 (0.83, 1.32)
Aortic dissection
Unadjusted	61	0.2 (0.1, 0.3)	0.2 (0.1, 0.3)	3.39 (2.04, 5.65)	0.6 (0.4, 0.7)	0.4 (0.3, 0.6)	4.37 (3.00, 6.37)	1.0 (0.7, 1.2)	0.8 (0.5, 1.1)	5.18 (3.70, 7.24)
Adjusted^a			0.2 (0.1, 0.3)	3.30 (1.88, 5.80)		0.4 (0.3, 0.6)	5.17 (2.92, 9.16)		0.8 (0.5, 1.1)	6.86 (4.13, 11.4)
Peripheral arterial disease
Unadjusted	336	2.0 (1.7, 2.3)	0.8 (0.5, 1.1)	1.71 (1.46, 2.01)	3.7 (3.2, 4.1)	1.4 (1.0, 1.9)	1.62 (1.43, 1.85)	4.8 (4.2, 5.3)	1.7 (1.2, 2.3)	1.57 (1.38, 1.77)
Adjusted^a			0.8 (0.5, 1.1)	1.58 (1.33, 1.88)		1.4 (0.9, 1.8)	1.60 (1.40, 1.83)		1.7 (1.2, 2.3)	1.53 (1.35, 1.74)

Values are expressed as cumulative incidence proportions (CIP), risk differences (RDs) and as relative risks (RRs), 5, 10 and 15 years after start of follow-up with 95% CI. Index date was defined as the date of redeeming the third prednisolone prescription. Values were calculated among 9908 patients with GCA compared with 98 204 individuals from the general population. ^aAdjusted for age, sex and Charlson Comorbidity Index.

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