| . | Group 1, sub-SMAS (n = 8) . | Group 2, subperichondrial (n = 8) . | Group 3, subperiosteal (n = 8) . | P-value . | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cartilage viability (%) | |||||||||||||
| Living chondrocyte ratio | 67.5 [18.75] (60-80) | 35 [17.5] (20-45) | 20 [30.0] (10-45) | .001a | |||||||||
| Peripheral proliferation | 80.0 [22.5] (60-90) | 30 [28.75] (15-60) | 20 [28.75] (5-60) | .001a | |||||||||
| n=8 | n=8 | n=8 | |||||||||||
| 0 | 1+ | 2+ | 3+ | 0 | 1+ | 2+ | 3+ | 0 | 1+ | 2+ | 3+ | ||
| Chondroid stromal loss (n) | 7 | 1 | — | — | 3 | 5 | — | — | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | .006b |
| Peripheral changes in the tissue (n) | |||||||||||||
| Fibrosis | — | 4 | 4 | — | — | 2 | 5 | 1 | — | 2 | 3 | 3 | .287b |
| Vascularization | — | 5 | 3 | — | — | 4 | 4 | — | — | 3 | 5 | — | .607b |
| Inflammation | — | 6 | 2 | — | — | 5 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | 5 | 2 | .112b |
| Cartilage ossification | 7 | 1 | — | — | 7 | 1 | — | — | 8 | — | — | — | .580b |
| Calcification | 4 | 4 | — | — | 6 | 2 | — | — | 4 | 1 | — | 3 | .073b |
| . | Group 1, sub-SMAS (n = 8) . | Group 2, subperichondrial (n = 8) . | Group 3, subperiosteal (n = 8) . | P-value . | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cartilage viability (%) | |||||||||||||
| Living chondrocyte ratio | 67.5 [18.75] (60-80) | 35 [17.5] (20-45) | 20 [30.0] (10-45) | .001a | |||||||||
| Peripheral proliferation | 80.0 [22.5] (60-90) | 30 [28.75] (15-60) | 20 [28.75] (5-60) | .001a | |||||||||
| n=8 | n=8 | n=8 | |||||||||||
| 0 | 1+ | 2+ | 3+ | 0 | 1+ | 2+ | 3+ | 0 | 1+ | 2+ | 3+ | ||
| Chondroid stromal loss (n) | 7 | 1 | — | — | 3 | 5 | — | — | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | .006b |
| Peripheral changes in the tissue (n) | |||||||||||||
| Fibrosis | — | 4 | 4 | — | — | 2 | 5 | 1 | — | 2 | 3 | 3 | .287b |
| Vascularization | — | 5 | 3 | — | — | 4 | 4 | — | — | 3 | 5 | — | .607b |
| Inflammation | — | 6 | 2 | — | — | 5 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | 5 | 2 | .112b |
| Cartilage ossification | 7 | 1 | — | — | 7 | 1 | — | — | 8 | — | — | — | .580b |
| Calcification | 4 | 4 | — | — | 6 | 2 | — | — | 4 | 1 | — | 3 | .073b |
Values are median [interquartile range] (range) or number. Parameters of the diced cartilage samples were scored from 0 to 3 based on their severity: 0, absent; 1, mild; 2, moderate; and 3, severe. Scoring for the presence of chondroid matrix was also done from 0 to 3, as seen in Figure 4: 0, normal; 1, mild loss; 2, moderate loss; 3, severe loss. SMAS, superficial musculoaponeurotic system. aKruskal-Wallis one-way analysis. bPearson χ2 test.
| . | Group 1, sub-SMAS (n = 8) . | Group 2, subperichondrial (n = 8) . | Group 3, subperiosteal (n = 8) . | P-value . | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cartilage viability (%) | |||||||||||||
| Living chondrocyte ratio | 67.5 [18.75] (60-80) | 35 [17.5] (20-45) | 20 [30.0] (10-45) | .001a | |||||||||
| Peripheral proliferation | 80.0 [22.5] (60-90) | 30 [28.75] (15-60) | 20 [28.75] (5-60) | .001a | |||||||||
| n=8 | n=8 | n=8 | |||||||||||
| 0 | 1+ | 2+ | 3+ | 0 | 1+ | 2+ | 3+ | 0 | 1+ | 2+ | 3+ | ||
| Chondroid stromal loss (n) | 7 | 1 | — | — | 3 | 5 | — | — | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | .006b |
| Peripheral changes in the tissue (n) | |||||||||||||
| Fibrosis | — | 4 | 4 | — | — | 2 | 5 | 1 | — | 2 | 3 | 3 | .287b |
| Vascularization | — | 5 | 3 | — | — | 4 | 4 | — | — | 3 | 5 | — | .607b |
| Inflammation | — | 6 | 2 | — | — | 5 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | 5 | 2 | .112b |
| Cartilage ossification | 7 | 1 | — | — | 7 | 1 | — | — | 8 | — | — | — | .580b |
| Calcification | 4 | 4 | — | — | 6 | 2 | — | — | 4 | 1 | — | 3 | .073b |
| . | Group 1, sub-SMAS (n = 8) . | Group 2, subperichondrial (n = 8) . | Group 3, subperiosteal (n = 8) . | P-value . | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cartilage viability (%) | |||||||||||||
| Living chondrocyte ratio | 67.5 [18.75] (60-80) | 35 [17.5] (20-45) | 20 [30.0] (10-45) | .001a | |||||||||
| Peripheral proliferation | 80.0 [22.5] (60-90) | 30 [28.75] (15-60) | 20 [28.75] (5-60) | .001a | |||||||||
| n=8 | n=8 | n=8 | |||||||||||
| 0 | 1+ | 2+ | 3+ | 0 | 1+ | 2+ | 3+ | 0 | 1+ | 2+ | 3+ | ||
| Chondroid stromal loss (n) | 7 | 1 | — | — | 3 | 5 | — | — | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | .006b |
| Peripheral changes in the tissue (n) | |||||||||||||
| Fibrosis | — | 4 | 4 | — | — | 2 | 5 | 1 | — | 2 | 3 | 3 | .287b |
| Vascularization | — | 5 | 3 | — | — | 4 | 4 | — | — | 3 | 5 | — | .607b |
| Inflammation | — | 6 | 2 | — | — | 5 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | 5 | 2 | .112b |
| Cartilage ossification | 7 | 1 | — | — | 7 | 1 | — | — | 8 | — | — | — | .580b |
| Calcification | 4 | 4 | — | — | 6 | 2 | — | — | 4 | 1 | — | 3 | .073b |
Values are median [interquartile range] (range) or number. Parameters of the diced cartilage samples were scored from 0 to 3 based on their severity: 0, absent; 1, mild; 2, moderate; and 3, severe. Scoring for the presence of chondroid matrix was also done from 0 to 3, as seen in Figure 4: 0, normal; 1, mild loss; 2, moderate loss; 3, severe loss. SMAS, superficial musculoaponeurotic system. aKruskal-Wallis one-way analysis. bPearson χ2 test.
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