Table 5. Open in new tab Two different...

Factor

Model 3

Model 4

Model 5

Model 6

N = 3624

N = 4949

LR test

Fixed effects

−0.27

−0.24

Intercept

−0.50

0.12

−0.38

0.11

Number employed

<0.001

69–138

REF

144–204

−0.15

0.087

−0.048

0.064

212–483

0.30

0.10

0.32

0.056

Maximum annual cement production, 106 ton year-1

<0.001

0.43–1.1

1.2–1.8

0.13

0.081

−0.049

0.058

1.9–4.0

−0.14

0.062

−0.21

0.056

Maximum cement production/employee, 103 ton year-1

0.5

<0.001

2.7–6.3

REF

6.4–8.5

0.15

0.096

0.27

0.027

8.7–12.4

0.048

0.070

0.053

0.033

Tidiness

<0.001

Clean

REF

Less clean

0.061

0.056

0.095

0.020

Bag filling

0.01

0–4%

REF

6–17%

0.14

0.056

18–40%

0.14

0.046

Annual cement production

0.05

38–86%

−0.024

0.018

86–98%

0.036

0.020

100%

REF

Random effects

Variance

Plant

n. i.

Job type

0.135

0.070

0.094

0.044

0.128

0.066

0.091

0.050

Workers

0.153

0.013

0.107

0.011

0.138

0.010

0.094

0.0089

Season

0.020

0.011

0.016

0.011

0.027

0.0090

0.025

0.0088

Error

0.173

0.0067

0.174

0.0069

0.171

0.0057

0.173

0.0059

Sum

0.451

0.391

0.464

0.383

Table 5.

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Two different mixed models of plant-specific determinants of thoracic aerosol exposure ^a (Model 4 and 6) with corresponding random effects models (Model 3 and 5) for cement production workers

Factor	Model 3			Model 4			Model 5			Model 6
	N = 3624			N = 3624			N = 4949			N = 4949
	B	SE	LR test	B	SE	LR test	B	SE	LR test	B	SE	LR test
Fixed effects	−0.27						−0.24
Intercept				−0.50	0.12					−0.38	0.11
Number employed						<0.001						<0.001
69–138				REF
144–204				−0.15	0.087					−0.048	0.064
212–483				0.30	0.10					0.32	0.056
Maximum annual cement production, 106 ton year-1						<0.001						<0.001
0.43–1.1
1.2–1.8				0.13	0.081					−0.049	0.058
1.9–4.0				−0.14	0.062					−0.21	0.056
Maximum cement production/employee, 103 ton year-1						0.5						<0.001
2.7–6.3				REF
6.4–8.5				0.15	0.096					0.27	0.027
8.7–12.4				0.048	0.070					0.053	0.033
Tidiness												<0.001
Clean				REF
Less clean				0.061	0.056					0.095	0.020
Bag filling						0.01
0–4%				REF
6–17%				0.14	0.056
18–40%				0.14	0.046
Annual cement production												0.05
38–86%										−0.024	0.018
86–98%										0.036	0.020
100%										REF
Random effects	Variance	SE		Variance	SE		Variance	SE		Variance	SE
Plant	n. i.			n. i.			n. i.			n. i.
Job type	0.135	0.070		0.094	0.044		0.128	0.066		0.091	0.050
Workers	0.153	0.013		0.107	0.011		0.138	0.010		0.094	0.0089
Season	0.020	0.011		0.016	0.011		0.027	0.0090		0.025	0.0088
Error	0.173	0.0067		0.174	0.0069		0.171	0.0057		0.173	0.0059
Sum	0.451			0.391			0.464			0.383

Factor	Model 3			Model 4			Model 5			Model 6
	N = 3624			N = 3624			N = 4949			N = 4949
	B	SE	LR test	B	SE	LR test	B	SE	LR test	B	SE	LR test
Fixed effects	−0.27						−0.24
Intercept				−0.50	0.12					−0.38	0.11
Number employed						<0.001						<0.001
69–138				REF
144–204				−0.15	0.087					−0.048	0.064
212–483				0.30	0.10					0.32	0.056
Maximum annual cement production, 106 ton year-1						<0.001						<0.001
0.43–1.1
1.2–1.8				0.13	0.081					−0.049	0.058
1.9–4.0				−0.14	0.062					−0.21	0.056
Maximum cement production/employee, 103 ton year-1						0.5						<0.001
2.7–6.3				REF
6.4–8.5				0.15	0.096					0.27	0.027
8.7–12.4				0.048	0.070					0.053	0.033
Tidiness												<0.001
Clean				REF
Less clean				0.061	0.056					0.095	0.020
Bag filling						0.01
0–4%				REF
6–17%				0.14	0.056
18–40%				0.14	0.046
Annual cement production												0.05
38–86%										−0.024	0.018
86–98%										0.036	0.020
100%										REF
Random effects	Variance	SE		Variance	SE		Variance	SE		Variance	SE
Plant	n. i.			n. i.			n. i.			n. i.
Job type	0.135	0.070		0.094	0.044		0.128	0.066		0.091	0.050
Workers	0.153	0.013		0.107	0.011		0.138	0.010		0.094	0.0089
Season	0.020	0.011		0.016	0.011		0.027	0.0090		0.025	0.0088
Error	0.173	0.0067		0.174	0.0069		0.171	0.0057		0.173	0.0059
Sum	0.451			0.391			0.464			0.383

B , regression coefficient; LR test, likelihood ratio test between full model and model without the fixed effect; n. i., not included in the model.

^a Log ₁₀ -transformed exposure in mg m ⁻³ .

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