Table 1: Open in new tab Baseline...

	Before matching	After matching
Male, n (%)	110 (38.7)	1033 (55.0)	<0.001	0.331	105 (38.9)	302 (41.5)	0.494	0.054
Age (years), median (IQR)	84.0 (79.0; 87.0)	83.0 (78.0; 87.0)	0.215	0.088	84.0 (79.0; 87.0)	84.0 (79.0; 87.0)	0.689	0.023
BMI (kg/m²), median (IQR)	26.2 (22.9; 29.8)	26.6 (23.6; 30.1)	0.382	0.023	26.4 (23.1; 29.9)	26.4 (23.6; 30.1)	0.686	0.006
Diabetes, n (%)	81 (28.5)	488 (26.0)	0.411	0.056	77 (28.5)	215 (29.6)	0.805	0.023
Insulin, n (%)	27 (9.51)	158 (8.42)	0.621	0.038	27 (10.0)	65 (8.94)	0.696	0.036
AHT, n (%)	232 (81.7)	1482 (79.0)	0.342	0.067	222 (82.2)	588 (80.9)	0.696	0.035
Dyslipidaemia, n (%)	173 (60.9)	1163 (62.0)	0.769	0.023	166 (61.5)	439 (60.4)	0.809	0.022
Smoking, n (%)	8 (2.82)	79 (4.22)	0.339	0.076	6 (2.22)	19 (2.62)	0.900	0.026
Prior MI, n (%)	21 (7.39)	149 (7.95)	0.838	0.021	20 (7.41)	63 (8.67)	0.610	0.046
Prior cardiac surgery	30 (10.6)	210 (11.2)	0.831	0.020	29 (10.7)	79 (10.9)	1.000	0.004
AVR, n (%)	23 (8.10)	185 (9.86)	0.406	0.062	22 (8.15)	64 (8.80)	0.841	0.023
MV surgery, n (%)	5 (1.76)	24 (1.28)	0.576	0.039	5 (1.85)	11 (1.51)	0.777	0.026
Bentall/David, n (%)	1 (0.35)	4 (0.21)	0.506	0.026	1 (0.37)	2 (0.28)	1.000	0.017
Other, n (%)	0 (0.00)	1 (0.05)	1.000	0.033	0 (0.00)	1 (0.14)	1.000	0.052
AF or AFlutter, n (%)	109 (38.4)	744 (39.7)	0.719	0.027	104 (38.5)	267 (36.8)	0.677	0.035
PVD, n (%)	60 (21.1)	395 (21.1)	1.000	0.002	57 (21.1)	143 (19.7)	0.677	0.036
COPD, n (%)	86 (30.3)	465 (24.8)	0.057	0.123	81 (30.0)	210 (28.9)	0.791	0.024
Prior neurologic event, n (%)	42 (14.8)	233 (12.4)	0.307	0.069	39 (14.4)	114 (15.7)	0.702	0.035
Reduced mobility, n (%)	41 (14.4)	192 (10.2)	0.043	0.128	39 (14.4)	101 (13.9)	0.904	0.016
Preop pacemaker, n (%)	39 (13.7)	271 (14.4)	0.819	0.020	36 (13.3)	103 (14.2)	0.814	0.024
Preop ICD, n (%)	4 (1.41)	13 (0.69)	0.266	0.070	3 (1.11)	8 (1.10)	1.000	0.001
Prior AMI within 90 days, n (%)	2 (0.70)	23 (1.23)	0.764	0.053	1 (0.37)	4 (0.55)	1.000	0.027
Preop NYHA class			0.097	0.096			0.256	0.009
1, n (%)	0 (0.00)	14 (0.75)			0 (0.00)	10 (1.38)
2, n (%)	184 (64.8)	1129 (60.2)			176 (65.2)	458 (63.0)
3, n (%)	95 (33.5)	656 (35.0)			89 (33.0)	245 (33.7)
4, n (%)	5 (1.76)	75 (4.00)			5 (1.85)	14 (1.93)
Preop LVEF (%), median (IQR)	60.0 (50.0; 65.0)	60.0 (47.0; 65.0)	0.032	0.174	60.0 (50.0; 65.0)	60.0 (50.0; 65.0)	0.644	0.007
Preop AR grade			0.603	0.096			0.863	0.080
0, n (%)	85 (31.2)	513 (28.5)			81 (31.4)	204 (29.9)
1, n (%)	133 (48.9)	893 (49.5)			125 (48.4)	354 (51.8)
2, n (%)	41 (15.1)	272 (15.1)			40 (15.5)	92 (13.5)
3, n (%)	9 (3.31)	73 (4.05)			9 (3.49)	26 (3.81)
4, n (%)	4 (1.47)	52 (2.88)			3 (1.16)	7 (1.02)
Preop MR grade			0.071	0.011			0.372	0.152
0, n (%)	43 (15.4)	345 (18.9)			42 (15.8)	135 (19.5)
1, n (%)	174 (62.4)	986 (54.1)			164 (61.9)	383 (55.3)
2, n (%)	51 (18.3)	414 (22.7)			49 (18.5)	144 (20.8)
3, n (%)	5 (1.79)	52 (2.85)			5 (1.89)	20 (2.89)
4, n (%)	6 (2.15)	26 (1.43)			5 (1.89)	10 (1.45)
Preop Hb (mg/dl) , median (IQR)	12.1 (11.0; 13.1)	12.5 (11.3; 13.6)	0.001	0.163	12.1 (1.58)	12.2 (1.58)	0.637	0.034
Preop eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m²), median (IQR)	47.3 (35.4; 63.9)	50.9 (37.7; 66.5)	0.033	0.098	46.4 (35.1; 61.8)	49.8 (37.5; 64.9)	0.091	0.064
BAV, n (%)	7 (2.68)	80 (4.65)	0.199	0.105	7 (2.83)	19 (2.86)	1.000	0.002
Valve in valve, n (%)	26 (9.85)	191 (11.0)	0.642	0.038	24 (9.60)	67 (10.0)	0.944	0.014
TAVI in TAVI, n (%)	3 (1.06)	9 (0.48)	0.202	0.066	2 (0.74)	6 (0.83)	1.000	0.010
TAVI in TAVI in valve, n (%)	0 (0.00)	1 (0.05)	1.000	0.033	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	.	<0.001
Risk profile
Low, n (%)	2 (0.70)	6 (0.32)	0.284	0.054	1 (0.37)	2 (0.28)	1.000	0.017
Intermediate, n (%)	15 (5.28)	70 (3.73)	0.276	0.075	14 (5.19)	31 (4.26)	0.652	0.043
High, n (%)	267 (94.7)	1801 (96.3)	0.269	0.076	255 (94.8)	694 (95.7)	0.650	0.044
EuroSCORE II, median (IQR)	4.33 (2.71; 6.58)	4.00 (2.50; 6.70)	0.208	0.021	4.36 (2.81; 6.66)	4.00 (2.41; 6.30)	0.083	0.051
STS, median (IQR)	4.84 (3.12; 6.80)	4.20 (2.68; 6.56)	0.003	0.106	4.89 (3.20; 6.83)	4.69 (3.01; 6.91)	0.306	0.070
Preop medication
Statins, n (%)	113 (40.1)	846 (45.2)	0.118	0.105	112 (41.8)	302 (41.8)	1.000	<0.001
ACE inhibitors, n (%)	80 (28.4)	571 (30.5)	0.504	0.047	79 (29.5)	201 (27.8)	0.659	0.037
Antiplatelet agents, n (%)	160 (56.7)	1086 (58.2)	0.697	0.029	152 (56.7)	417 (57.8)	0.825	0.021
Vitamin K antagonists, n (%)	49 (17.3)	308 (16.5)	0.787	0.023	47 (17.5)	128 (17.7)	1.000	0.006
DOACs, n (%)	59 (20.8)	375 (20.1)	0.817	0.020	57 (21.2)	138 (19.1)	0.515	0.052
LMWHs, n (%)	2 (0.80)	9 (0.54)	0.644	0.032	2 (0.84)	5 (0.78)	1.000	0.007
Urgent procedure, n (%)	30 (10.6)	241 (12.8)	0.324	0.071	29 (10.7)	68 (9.35)	0.592	0.046
Left-sided approach, n (%)	54 (19.6)	172 (9.95)	<0.001	0.273	48 (18.3)	104 (15.5)	0.347	0.075
Large (>20 F) sheath, n (%)	36 (12.7)	331 (17.7)	0.044	0.140	34 (12.6)	85 (11.7)	0.791	0.027
Closure system used
Proglide (alone), n (%)	244 (86.8)	1611 (86.0)	0.765	0.025	230 (86.1)	618 (85.4)	0.834	0.022
Angio-Seal, n (%)	70 (24.9)	964 (51.4)	<0.001	0.567	69 (25.8)	218 (30.1)	0.217	0.095
Prostar, n (%)	24 (8.5)	152 (8.1)	0.898	0.016	24 (8.9)	58 (8.0)	0.715	0.035
Manta, n (%)	8 (2.8)	79 (4.2)	0.355	0.074	8 (3.0)	37 (5.1)	0.213	0.107
PerQseal, n (%)	4 (1.4)	30 (1.6)	1.000	0.015	4 (1.5)	10 (1.4)	1.000	0.010
General anaesthesia, n (%)	17 (5.99)	88 (4.69)	0.424	0.058	16 (5.93)	41 (5.64)	0.984	0.012
Conversion from local to general anaesthesia, n (%)	5 (1.76)	2 (0.11)	0.001	0.172	0 (0.00)	2 (0.28)	1.000	0.074
Valve type
Edwards, n (%)	95 (33.5)	826 (44.0)	0.001	0.218	91 (33.7)	258 (35.5)	0.653	0.037
Corevalve, n (%)	169 (59.9)	904 (48.3)	<0.001	0.234	162 (60.4)	411 (56.7)	0.321	0.076
Other, n (%)	26 (10.1)	151 (8.97)	0.631	0.039	22 (9.05)	69 (10.7)	0.547	0.056
Valve size (mm), median (IQR)	26.0 (26.0; 29.0)	26.0 (26.0; 29.0)	0.275	0.048	26.0 (26.0; 29.0)	26.0 (26.0; 29.0)	0.650	0.013

Before matching

After matching

Vascular complications (n = 284)

No vascular complications (n = 1877)

P-Value

ASMD

Vascular complications (n = 270)

No vascular complications (n = 727)

P-Value

ASMD

Male, n (%)

110 (38.7)

1033 (55.0)

<0.001

0.331

105 (38.9)

302 (41.5)

0.494

0.054

Age (years), median (IQR)

84.0 (79.0; 87.0)

83.0 (78.0; 87.0)

0.215

0.088

84.0 (79.0; 87.0)

0.689

0.023

BMI (kg/m²), median (IQR)

26.2 (22.9; 29.8)

26.6 (23.6; 30.1)

0.382

0.023

26.4 (23.1; 29.9)

26.4 (23.6; 30.1)

0.686

0.006

Diabetes, n (%)

81 (28.5)

488 (26.0)

0.411

0.056

77 (28.5)

215 (29.6)

0.805

0.023

Insulin, n (%)

27 (9.51)

158 (8.42)

0.621

0.038

27 (10.0)

65 (8.94)

0.696

0.036

AHT, n (%)

232 (81.7)

1482 (79.0)

0.342

0.067

222 (82.2)

588 (80.9)

0.696

0.035

Dyslipidaemia, n (%)

173 (60.9)

1163 (62.0)

0.769

0.023

166 (61.5)

439 (60.4)

0.809

0.022

Smoking, n (%)

8 (2.82)

79 (4.22)

0.339

0.076

6 (2.22)

19 (2.62)

0.900

0.026

Prior MI, n (%)

21 (7.39)

149 (7.95)

0.838

0.021

20 (7.41)

63 (8.67)

0.610

0.046

Prior cardiac surgery

30 (10.6)

210 (11.2)

0.831

0.020

29 (10.7)

79 (10.9)

1.000

0.004

AVR, n (%)

23 (8.10)

185 (9.86)

0.406

0.062

22 (8.15)

64 (8.80)

0.841

0.023

MV surgery, n (%)

5 (1.76)

24 (1.28)

0.576

0.039

5 (1.85)

11 (1.51)

0.777

0.026

Bentall/David, n (%)

1 (0.35)

4 (0.21)

0.506

0.026

1 (0.37)

2 (0.28)

1.000

0.017

Other, n (%)

0 (0.00)

1 (0.05)

1.000

0.033

0 (0.00)

1 (0.14)

1.000

0.052

AF or AFlutter, n (%)

109 (38.4)

744 (39.7)

0.719

0.027

104 (38.5)

267 (36.8)

0.677

0.035

PVD, n (%)

60 (21.1)

395 (21.1)

1.000

0.002

57 (21.1)

143 (19.7)

0.677

0.036

COPD, n (%)

86 (30.3)

465 (24.8)

0.057

0.123

81 (30.0)

210 (28.9)

0.791

0.024

Prior neurologic event, n (%)

42 (14.8)

233 (12.4)

0.307

0.069

39 (14.4)

114 (15.7)

0.702

0.035

Reduced mobility, n (%)

41 (14.4)

192 (10.2)

0.043

0.128

39 (14.4)

101 (13.9)

0.904

0.016

Preop pacemaker, n (%)

39 (13.7)

271 (14.4)

0.819

0.020

36 (13.3)

103 (14.2)

0.814

0.024

Preop ICD, n (%)

4 (1.41)

13 (0.69)

0.266

0.070

3 (1.11)

8 (1.10)

1.000

0.001

Prior AMI within 90 days, n (%)

2 (0.70)

23 (1.23)

0.764

0.053

1 (0.37)

4 (0.55)

1.000

0.027

Preop NYHA class

0.097

0.096

0.256

0.009

1, n (%)

0 (0.00)

14 (0.75)

0 (0.00)

10 (1.38)

2, n (%)

184 (64.8)

1129 (60.2)

176 (65.2)

458 (63.0)

3, n (%)

95 (33.5)

656 (35.0)

89 (33.0)

245 (33.7)

4, n (%)

5 (1.76)

75 (4.00)

5 (1.85)

14 (1.93)

Preop LVEF (%), median (IQR)

60.0 (50.0; 65.0)

60.0 (47.0; 65.0)

0.032

0.174

60.0 (50.0; 65.0)

0.644

0.007

Preop AR grade

0.603

0.096

0.863

0.080

0, n (%)

85 (31.2)

513 (28.5)

81 (31.4)

204 (29.9)

1, n (%)

133 (48.9)

893 (49.5)

125 (48.4)

354 (51.8)

2, n (%)

41 (15.1)

272 (15.1)

40 (15.5)

92 (13.5)

3, n (%)

9 (3.31)

73 (4.05)

9 (3.49)

26 (3.81)

4, n (%)

4 (1.47)

52 (2.88)

3 (1.16)

7 (1.02)

Preop MR grade

0.071

0.011

0.372

0.152

0, n (%)

43 (15.4)

345 (18.9)

42 (15.8)

135 (19.5)

1, n (%)

174 (62.4)

986 (54.1)

164 (61.9)

383 (55.3)

2, n (%)

51 (18.3)

414 (22.7)

49 (18.5)

144 (20.8)

3, n (%)

5 (1.79)

52 (2.85)

5 (1.89)

20 (2.89)

4, n (%)

6 (2.15)

26 (1.43)

5 (1.89)

10 (1.45)

Preop Hb (mg/dl) , median (IQR)

12.1 (11.0; 13.1)

12.5 (11.3; 13.6)

0.001

0.163

12.1 (1.58)

12.2 (1.58)

0.637

0.034

Preop eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m²), median (IQR)

47.3 (35.4; 63.9)

50.9 (37.7; 66.5)

0.033

0.098

46.4 (35.1; 61.8)

49.8 (37.5; 64.9)

0.091

0.064

BAV, n (%)

7 (2.68)

80 (4.65)

0.199

0.105

7 (2.83)

19 (2.86)

1.000

0.002

Valve in valve, n (%)

26 (9.85)

191 (11.0)

0.642

0.038

24 (9.60)

67 (10.0)

0.944

0.014

TAVI in TAVI, n (%)

3 (1.06)

9 (0.48)

0.202

0.066

2 (0.74)

6 (0.83)

1.000

0.010

TAVI in TAVI in valve, n (%)

0 (0.00)

1 (0.05)

1.000

0.033

0 (0.0)

<0.001

Risk profile

Low, n (%)

2 (0.70)

6 (0.32)

0.284

0.054

1 (0.37)

2 (0.28)

1.000

0.017

Intermediate, n (%)

15 (5.28)

70 (3.73)

0.276

0.075

14 (5.19)

31 (4.26)

0.652

0.043

High, n (%)

267 (94.7)

1801 (96.3)

0.269

0.076

255 (94.8)

694 (95.7)

0.650

0.044

EuroSCORE II, median (IQR)

4.33 (2.71; 6.58)

4.00 (2.50; 6.70)

0.208

0.021

4.36 (2.81; 6.66)

4.00 (2.41; 6.30)

0.083

0.051

STS, median (IQR)

4.84 (3.12; 6.80)

4.20 (2.68; 6.56)

0.003

0.106

4.89 (3.20; 6.83)

4.69 (3.01; 6.91)

0.306

0.070

Preop medication

Statins, n (%)

113 (40.1)

846 (45.2)

0.118

0.105

112 (41.8)

302 (41.8)

1.000

<0.001

ACE inhibitors, n (%)

80 (28.4)

571 (30.5)

0.504

0.047

79 (29.5)

201 (27.8)

0.659

0.037

Antiplatelet agents, n (%)

160 (56.7)

1086 (58.2)

0.697

0.029

152 (56.7)

417 (57.8)

0.825

0.021

Vitamin K antagonists, n (%)

49 (17.3)

308 (16.5)

0.787

0.023

47 (17.5)

128 (17.7)

1.000

0.006

DOACs, n (%)

59 (20.8)

375 (20.1)

0.817

0.020

57 (21.2)

138 (19.1)

0.515

0.052

LMWHs, n (%)

2 (0.80)

9 (0.54)

0.644

0.032

2 (0.84)

5 (0.78)

1.000

0.007

Urgent procedure, n (%)

30 (10.6)

241 (12.8)

0.324

0.071

29 (10.7)

68 (9.35)

0.592

0.046

Left-sided approach, n (%)

54 (19.6)

172 (9.95)

<0.001

0.273

48 (18.3)

104 (15.5)

0.347

0.075

Large (>20 F) sheath, n (%)

36 (12.7)

331 (17.7)

0.044

0.140

34 (12.6)

85 (11.7)

0.791

0.027

Closure system used

Proglide (alone), n (%)

244 (86.8)

1611 (86.0)

0.765

0.025

230 (86.1)

618 (85.4)

0.834

0.022

Angio-Seal, n (%)

70 (24.9)

964 (51.4)

<0.001

0.567

69 (25.8)

218 (30.1)

0.217

0.095

Prostar, n (%)

24 (8.5)

152 (8.1)

0.898

0.016

24 (8.9)

58 (8.0)

0.715

0.035

Manta, n (%)

8 (2.8)

79 (4.2)

0.355

0.074

8 (3.0)

37 (5.1)

0.213

0.107

PerQseal, n (%)

4 (1.4)

30 (1.6)

1.000

0.015

4 (1.5)

10 (1.4)

1.000

0.010

General anaesthesia, n (%)

17 (5.99)

88 (4.69)

0.424

0.058

16 (5.93)

41 (5.64)

0.984

0.012

Conversion from local to general anaesthesia, n (%)

5 (1.76)

2 (0.11)

0.001

0.172

0 (0.00)

2 (0.28)

1.000

0.074

Valve type

Edwards, n (%)

95 (33.5)

826 (44.0)

0.001

0.218

91 (33.7)

258 (35.5)

0.653

0.037

Corevalve, n (%)

169 (59.9)

904 (48.3)

<0.001

0.234

162 (60.4)

411 (56.7)

0.321

0.076

Other, n (%)

26 (10.1)

151 (8.97)

0.631

0.039

22 (9.05)

69 (10.7)

0.547

0.056

Valve size (mm), median (IQR)

26.0 (26.0; 29.0)

0.275

0.048

26.0 (26.0; 29.0)

0.650

0.013

	Before matching	After matching
Male, n (%)	110 (38.7)	1033 (55.0)	<0.001	0.331	105 (38.9)	302 (41.5)	0.494	0.054
Age (years), median (IQR)	84.0 (79.0; 87.0)	83.0 (78.0; 87.0)	0.215	0.088	84.0 (79.0; 87.0)	84.0 (79.0; 87.0)	0.689	0.023
BMI (kg/m²), median (IQR)	26.2 (22.9; 29.8)	26.6 (23.6; 30.1)	0.382	0.023	26.4 (23.1; 29.9)	26.4 (23.6; 30.1)	0.686	0.006
Diabetes, n (%)	81 (28.5)	488 (26.0)	0.411	0.056	77 (28.5)	215 (29.6)	0.805	0.023
Insulin, n (%)	27 (9.51)	158 (8.42)	0.621	0.038	27 (10.0)	65 (8.94)	0.696	0.036
AHT, n (%)	232 (81.7)	1482 (79.0)	0.342	0.067	222 (82.2)	588 (80.9)	0.696	0.035
Dyslipidaemia, n (%)	173 (60.9)	1163 (62.0)	0.769	0.023	166 (61.5)	439 (60.4)	0.809	0.022
Smoking, n (%)	8 (2.82)	79 (4.22)	0.339	0.076	6 (2.22)	19 (2.62)	0.900	0.026
Prior MI, n (%)	21 (7.39)	149 (7.95)	0.838	0.021	20 (7.41)	63 (8.67)	0.610	0.046
Prior cardiac surgery	30 (10.6)	210 (11.2)	0.831	0.020	29 (10.7)	79 (10.9)	1.000	0.004
AVR, n (%)	23 (8.10)	185 (9.86)	0.406	0.062	22 (8.15)	64 (8.80)	0.841	0.023
MV surgery, n (%)	5 (1.76)	24 (1.28)	0.576	0.039	5 (1.85)	11 (1.51)	0.777	0.026
Bentall/David, n (%)	1 (0.35)	4 (0.21)	0.506	0.026	1 (0.37)	2 (0.28)	1.000	0.017
Other, n (%)	0 (0.00)	1 (0.05)	1.000	0.033	0 (0.00)	1 (0.14)	1.000	0.052
AF or AFlutter, n (%)	109 (38.4)	744 (39.7)	0.719	0.027	104 (38.5)	267 (36.8)	0.677	0.035
PVD, n (%)	60 (21.1)	395 (21.1)	1.000	0.002	57 (21.1)	143 (19.7)	0.677	0.036
COPD, n (%)	86 (30.3)	465 (24.8)	0.057	0.123	81 (30.0)	210 (28.9)	0.791	0.024
Prior neurologic event, n (%)	42 (14.8)	233 (12.4)	0.307	0.069	39 (14.4)	114 (15.7)	0.702	0.035
Reduced mobility, n (%)	41 (14.4)	192 (10.2)	0.043	0.128	39 (14.4)	101 (13.9)	0.904	0.016
Preop pacemaker, n (%)	39 (13.7)	271 (14.4)	0.819	0.020	36 (13.3)	103 (14.2)	0.814	0.024
Preop ICD, n (%)	4 (1.41)	13 (0.69)	0.266	0.070	3 (1.11)	8 (1.10)	1.000	0.001
Prior AMI within 90 days, n (%)	2 (0.70)	23 (1.23)	0.764	0.053	1 (0.37)	4 (0.55)	1.000	0.027
Preop NYHA class			0.097	0.096			0.256	0.009
1, n (%)	0 (0.00)	14 (0.75)			0 (0.00)	10 (1.38)
2, n (%)	184 (64.8)	1129 (60.2)			176 (65.2)	458 (63.0)
3, n (%)	95 (33.5)	656 (35.0)			89 (33.0)	245 (33.7)
4, n (%)	5 (1.76)	75 (4.00)			5 (1.85)	14 (1.93)
Preop LVEF (%), median (IQR)	60.0 (50.0; 65.0)	60.0 (47.0; 65.0)	0.032	0.174	60.0 (50.0; 65.0)	60.0 (50.0; 65.0)	0.644	0.007
Preop AR grade			0.603	0.096			0.863	0.080
0, n (%)	85 (31.2)	513 (28.5)			81 (31.4)	204 (29.9)
1, n (%)	133 (48.9)	893 (49.5)			125 (48.4)	354 (51.8)
2, n (%)	41 (15.1)	272 (15.1)			40 (15.5)	92 (13.5)
3, n (%)	9 (3.31)	73 (4.05)			9 (3.49)	26 (3.81)
4, n (%)	4 (1.47)	52 (2.88)			3 (1.16)	7 (1.02)
Preop MR grade			0.071	0.011			0.372	0.152
0, n (%)	43 (15.4)	345 (18.9)			42 (15.8)	135 (19.5)
1, n (%)	174 (62.4)	986 (54.1)			164 (61.9)	383 (55.3)
2, n (%)	51 (18.3)	414 (22.7)			49 (18.5)	144 (20.8)
3, n (%)	5 (1.79)	52 (2.85)			5 (1.89)	20 (2.89)
4, n (%)	6 (2.15)	26 (1.43)			5 (1.89)	10 (1.45)
Preop Hb (mg/dl) , median (IQR)	12.1 (11.0; 13.1)	12.5 (11.3; 13.6)	0.001	0.163	12.1 (1.58)	12.2 (1.58)	0.637	0.034
Preop eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m²), median (IQR)	47.3 (35.4; 63.9)	50.9 (37.7; 66.5)	0.033	0.098	46.4 (35.1; 61.8)	49.8 (37.5; 64.9)	0.091	0.064
BAV, n (%)	7 (2.68)	80 (4.65)	0.199	0.105	7 (2.83)	19 (2.86)	1.000	0.002
Valve in valve, n (%)	26 (9.85)	191 (11.0)	0.642	0.038	24 (9.60)	67 (10.0)	0.944	0.014
TAVI in TAVI, n (%)	3 (1.06)	9 (0.48)	0.202	0.066	2 (0.74)	6 (0.83)	1.000	0.010
TAVI in TAVI in valve, n (%)	0 (0.00)	1 (0.05)	1.000	0.033	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	.	<0.001
Risk profile
Low, n (%)	2 (0.70)	6 (0.32)	0.284	0.054	1 (0.37)	2 (0.28)	1.000	0.017
Intermediate, n (%)	15 (5.28)	70 (3.73)	0.276	0.075	14 (5.19)	31 (4.26)	0.652	0.043
High, n (%)	267 (94.7)	1801 (96.3)	0.269	0.076	255 (94.8)	694 (95.7)	0.650	0.044
EuroSCORE II, median (IQR)	4.33 (2.71; 6.58)	4.00 (2.50; 6.70)	0.208	0.021	4.36 (2.81; 6.66)	4.00 (2.41; 6.30)	0.083	0.051
STS, median (IQR)	4.84 (3.12; 6.80)	4.20 (2.68; 6.56)	0.003	0.106	4.89 (3.20; 6.83)	4.69 (3.01; 6.91)	0.306	0.070
Preop medication
Statins, n (%)	113 (40.1)	846 (45.2)	0.118	0.105	112 (41.8)	302 (41.8)	1.000	<0.001
ACE inhibitors, n (%)	80 (28.4)	571 (30.5)	0.504	0.047	79 (29.5)	201 (27.8)	0.659	0.037
Antiplatelet agents, n (%)	160 (56.7)	1086 (58.2)	0.697	0.029	152 (56.7)	417 (57.8)	0.825	0.021
Vitamin K antagonists, n (%)	49 (17.3)	308 (16.5)	0.787	0.023	47 (17.5)	128 (17.7)	1.000	0.006
DOACs, n (%)	59 (20.8)	375 (20.1)	0.817	0.020	57 (21.2)	138 (19.1)	0.515	0.052
LMWHs, n (%)	2 (0.80)	9 (0.54)	0.644	0.032	2 (0.84)	5 (0.78)	1.000	0.007
Urgent procedure, n (%)	30 (10.6)	241 (12.8)	0.324	0.071	29 (10.7)	68 (9.35)	0.592	0.046
Left-sided approach, n (%)	54 (19.6)	172 (9.95)	<0.001	0.273	48 (18.3)	104 (15.5)	0.347	0.075
Large (>20 F) sheath, n (%)	36 (12.7)	331 (17.7)	0.044	0.140	34 (12.6)	85 (11.7)	0.791	0.027
Closure system used
Proglide (alone), n (%)	244 (86.8)	1611 (86.0)	0.765	0.025	230 (86.1)	618 (85.4)	0.834	0.022
Angio-Seal, n (%)	70 (24.9)	964 (51.4)	<0.001	0.567	69 (25.8)	218 (30.1)	0.217	0.095
Prostar, n (%)	24 (8.5)	152 (8.1)	0.898	0.016	24 (8.9)	58 (8.0)	0.715	0.035
Manta, n (%)	8 (2.8)	79 (4.2)	0.355	0.074	8 (3.0)	37 (5.1)	0.213	0.107
PerQseal, n (%)	4 (1.4)	30 (1.6)	1.000	0.015	4 (1.5)	10 (1.4)	1.000	0.010
General anaesthesia, n (%)	17 (5.99)	88 (4.69)	0.424	0.058	16 (5.93)	41 (5.64)	0.984	0.012
Conversion from local to general anaesthesia, n (%)	5 (1.76)	2 (0.11)	0.001	0.172	0 (0.00)	2 (0.28)	1.000	0.074
Valve type
Edwards, n (%)	95 (33.5)	826 (44.0)	0.001	0.218	91 (33.7)	258 (35.5)	0.653	0.037
Corevalve, n (%)	169 (59.9)	904 (48.3)	<0.001	0.234	162 (60.4)	411 (56.7)	0.321	0.076
Other, n (%)	26 (10.1)	151 (8.97)	0.631	0.039	22 (9.05)	69 (10.7)	0.547	0.056
Valve size (mm), median (IQR)	26.0 (26.0; 29.0)	26.0 (26.0; 29.0)	0.275	0.048	26.0 (26.0; 29.0)	26.0 (26.0; 29.0)	0.650	0.013

Before matching

After matching

Vascular complications (n = 284)

No vascular complications (n = 1877)

P-Value

ASMD

Vascular complications (n = 270)

No vascular complications (n = 727)

P-Value

ASMD

Male, n (%)

110 (38.7)

1033 (55.0)

<0.001

0.331

105 (38.9)

302 (41.5)

0.494

0.054

Age (years), median (IQR)

84.0 (79.0; 87.0)

83.0 (78.0; 87.0)

0.215

0.088

84.0 (79.0; 87.0)

0.689

0.023

BMI (kg/m²), median (IQR)

26.2 (22.9; 29.8)

26.6 (23.6; 30.1)

0.382

0.023

26.4 (23.1; 29.9)

26.4 (23.6; 30.1)

0.686

0.006

Diabetes, n (%)

81 (28.5)

488 (26.0)

0.411

0.056

77 (28.5)

215 (29.6)

0.805

0.023

Insulin, n (%)

27 (9.51)

158 (8.42)

0.621

0.038

27 (10.0)

65 (8.94)

0.696

0.036

AHT, n (%)

232 (81.7)

1482 (79.0)

0.342

0.067

222 (82.2)

588 (80.9)

0.696

0.035

Dyslipidaemia, n (%)

173 (60.9)

1163 (62.0)

0.769

0.023

166 (61.5)

439 (60.4)

0.809

0.022

Smoking, n (%)

8 (2.82)

79 (4.22)

0.339

0.076

6 (2.22)

19 (2.62)

0.900

0.026

Prior MI, n (%)

21 (7.39)

149 (7.95)

0.838

0.021

20 (7.41)

63 (8.67)

0.610

0.046

Prior cardiac surgery

30 (10.6)

210 (11.2)

0.831

0.020

29 (10.7)

79 (10.9)

1.000

0.004

AVR, n (%)

23 (8.10)

185 (9.86)

0.406

0.062

22 (8.15)

64 (8.80)

0.841

0.023

MV surgery, n (%)

5 (1.76)

24 (1.28)

0.576

0.039

5 (1.85)

11 (1.51)

0.777

0.026

Bentall/David, n (%)

1 (0.35)

4 (0.21)

0.506

0.026

1 (0.37)

2 (0.28)

1.000

0.017

Other, n (%)

0 (0.00)

1 (0.05)

1.000

0.033

0 (0.00)

1 (0.14)

1.000

0.052

AF or AFlutter, n (%)

109 (38.4)

744 (39.7)

0.719

0.027

104 (38.5)

267 (36.8)

0.677

0.035

PVD, n (%)

60 (21.1)

395 (21.1)

1.000

0.002

57 (21.1)

143 (19.7)

0.677

0.036

COPD, n (%)

86 (30.3)

465 (24.8)

0.057

0.123

81 (30.0)

210 (28.9)

0.791

0.024

Prior neurologic event, n (%)

42 (14.8)

233 (12.4)

0.307

0.069

39 (14.4)

114 (15.7)

0.702

0.035

Reduced mobility, n (%)

41 (14.4)

192 (10.2)

0.043

0.128

39 (14.4)

101 (13.9)

0.904

0.016

Preop pacemaker, n (%)

39 (13.7)

271 (14.4)

0.819

0.020

36 (13.3)

103 (14.2)

0.814

0.024

Preop ICD, n (%)

4 (1.41)

13 (0.69)

0.266

0.070

3 (1.11)

8 (1.10)

1.000

0.001

Prior AMI within 90 days, n (%)

2 (0.70)

23 (1.23)

0.764

0.053

1 (0.37)

4 (0.55)

1.000

0.027

Preop NYHA class

0.097

0.096

0.256

0.009

1, n (%)

0 (0.00)

14 (0.75)

0 (0.00)

10 (1.38)

2, n (%)

184 (64.8)

1129 (60.2)

176 (65.2)

458 (63.0)

3, n (%)

95 (33.5)

656 (35.0)

89 (33.0)

245 (33.7)

4, n (%)

5 (1.76)

75 (4.00)

5 (1.85)

14 (1.93)

Preop LVEF (%), median (IQR)

60.0 (50.0; 65.0)

60.0 (47.0; 65.0)

0.032

0.174

60.0 (50.0; 65.0)

0.644

0.007

Preop AR grade

0.603

0.096

0.863

0.080

0, n (%)

85 (31.2)

513 (28.5)

81 (31.4)

204 (29.9)

1, n (%)

133 (48.9)

893 (49.5)

125 (48.4)

354 (51.8)

2, n (%)

41 (15.1)

272 (15.1)

40 (15.5)

92 (13.5)

3, n (%)

9 (3.31)

73 (4.05)

9 (3.49)

26 (3.81)

4, n (%)

4 (1.47)

52 (2.88)

3 (1.16)

7 (1.02)

Preop MR grade

0.071

0.011

0.372

0.152

0, n (%)

43 (15.4)

345 (18.9)

42 (15.8)

135 (19.5)

1, n (%)

174 (62.4)

986 (54.1)

164 (61.9)

383 (55.3)

2, n (%)

51 (18.3)

414 (22.7)

49 (18.5)

144 (20.8)

3, n (%)

5 (1.79)

52 (2.85)

5 (1.89)

20 (2.89)

4, n (%)

6 (2.15)

26 (1.43)

5 (1.89)

10 (1.45)

Preop Hb (mg/dl) , median (IQR)

12.1 (11.0; 13.1)

12.5 (11.3; 13.6)

0.001

0.163

12.1 (1.58)

12.2 (1.58)

0.637

0.034

Preop eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m²), median (IQR)

47.3 (35.4; 63.9)

50.9 (37.7; 66.5)

0.033

0.098

46.4 (35.1; 61.8)

49.8 (37.5; 64.9)

0.091

0.064

BAV, n (%)

7 (2.68)

80 (4.65)

0.199

0.105

7 (2.83)

19 (2.86)

1.000

0.002

Valve in valve, n (%)

26 (9.85)

191 (11.0)

0.642

0.038

24 (9.60)

67 (10.0)

0.944

0.014

TAVI in TAVI, n (%)

3 (1.06)

9 (0.48)

0.202

0.066

2 (0.74)

6 (0.83)

1.000

0.010

TAVI in TAVI in valve, n (%)

0 (0.00)

1 (0.05)

1.000

0.033

0 (0.0)

<0.001

Risk profile

Low, n (%)

2 (0.70)

6 (0.32)

0.284

0.054

1 (0.37)

2 (0.28)

1.000

0.017

Intermediate, n (%)

15 (5.28)

70 (3.73)

0.276

0.075

14 (5.19)

31 (4.26)

0.652

0.043

High, n (%)

267 (94.7)

1801 (96.3)

0.269

0.076

255 (94.8)

694 (95.7)

0.650

0.044

EuroSCORE II, median (IQR)

4.33 (2.71; 6.58)

4.00 (2.50; 6.70)

0.208

0.021

4.36 (2.81; 6.66)

4.00 (2.41; 6.30)

0.083

0.051

STS, median (IQR)

4.84 (3.12; 6.80)

4.20 (2.68; 6.56)

0.003

0.106

4.89 (3.20; 6.83)

4.69 (3.01; 6.91)

0.306

0.070

Preop medication

Statins, n (%)

113 (40.1)

846 (45.2)

0.118

0.105

112 (41.8)

302 (41.8)

1.000

<0.001

ACE inhibitors, n (%)

80 (28.4)

571 (30.5)

0.504

0.047

79 (29.5)

201 (27.8)

0.659

0.037

Antiplatelet agents, n (%)

160 (56.7)

1086 (58.2)

0.697

0.029

152 (56.7)

417 (57.8)

0.825

0.021

Vitamin K antagonists, n (%)

49 (17.3)

308 (16.5)

0.787

0.023

47 (17.5)

128 (17.7)

1.000

0.006

DOACs, n (%)

59 (20.8)

375 (20.1)

0.817

0.020

57 (21.2)

138 (19.1)

0.515

0.052

LMWHs, n (%)

2 (0.80)

9 (0.54)

0.644

0.032

2 (0.84)

5 (0.78)

1.000

0.007

Urgent procedure, n (%)

30 (10.6)

241 (12.8)

0.324

0.071

29 (10.7)

68 (9.35)

0.592

0.046

Left-sided approach, n (%)

54 (19.6)

172 (9.95)

<0.001

0.273

48 (18.3)

104 (15.5)

0.347

0.075

Large (>20 F) sheath, n (%)

36 (12.7)

331 (17.7)

0.044

0.140

34 (12.6)

85 (11.7)

0.791

0.027

Closure system used

Proglide (alone), n (%)

244 (86.8)

1611 (86.0)

0.765

0.025

230 (86.1)

618 (85.4)

0.834

0.022

Angio-Seal, n (%)

70 (24.9)

964 (51.4)

<0.001

0.567

69 (25.8)

218 (30.1)

0.217

0.095

Prostar, n (%)

24 (8.5)

152 (8.1)

0.898

0.016

24 (8.9)

58 (8.0)

0.715

0.035

Manta, n (%)

8 (2.8)

79 (4.2)

0.355

0.074

8 (3.0)

37 (5.1)

0.213

0.107

PerQseal, n (%)

4 (1.4)

30 (1.6)

1.000

0.015

4 (1.5)

10 (1.4)

1.000

0.010

General anaesthesia, n (%)

17 (5.99)

88 (4.69)

0.424

0.058

16 (5.93)

41 (5.64)

0.984

0.012

Conversion from local to general anaesthesia, n (%)

5 (1.76)

2 (0.11)

0.001

0.172

0 (0.00)

2 (0.28)

1.000

0.074

Valve type

Edwards, n (%)

95 (33.5)

826 (44.0)

0.001

0.218

91 (33.7)

258 (35.5)

0.653

0.037

Corevalve, n (%)

169 (59.9)

904 (48.3)

<0.001

0.234

162 (60.4)

411 (56.7)

0.321

0.076

Other, n (%)

26 (10.1)

151 (8.97)

0.631

0.039

22 (9.05)

69 (10.7)

0.547

0.056

Valve size (mm), median (IQR)

26.0 (26.0; 29.0)

0.275

0.048

26.0 (26.0; 29.0)

0.650

0.013

Table 1:

Open in new tab

Baseline characteristics before and after matching

	Before matching				After matching
	Vascular complications (n = 284)	No vascular complications (n = 1877)	P-Value	ASMD	Vascular complications (n = 270)	No vascular complications (n = 727)	P-Value	ASMD
Male, n (%)	110 (38.7)	1033 (55.0)	<0.001	0.331	105 (38.9)	302 (41.5)	0.494	0.054
Age (years), median (IQR)	84.0 (79.0; 87.0)	83.0 (78.0; 87.0)	0.215	0.088	84.0 (79.0; 87.0)	84.0 (79.0; 87.0)	0.689	0.023
BMI (kg/m²), median (IQR)	26.2 (22.9; 29.8)	26.6 (23.6; 30.1)	0.382	0.023	26.4 (23.1; 29.9)	26.4 (23.6; 30.1)	0.686	0.006
Diabetes, n (%)	81 (28.5)	488 (26.0)	0.411	0.056	77 (28.5)	215 (29.6)	0.805	0.023
Insulin, n (%)	27 (9.51)	158 (8.42)	0.621	0.038	27 (10.0)	65 (8.94)	0.696	0.036
AHT, n (%)	232 (81.7)	1482 (79.0)	0.342	0.067	222 (82.2)	588 (80.9)	0.696	0.035
Dyslipidaemia, n (%)	173 (60.9)	1163 (62.0)	0.769	0.023	166 (61.5)	439 (60.4)	0.809	0.022
Smoking, n (%)	8 (2.82)	79 (4.22)	0.339	0.076	6 (2.22)	19 (2.62)	0.900	0.026
Prior MI, n (%)	21 (7.39)	149 (7.95)	0.838	0.021	20 (7.41)	63 (8.67)	0.610	0.046
Prior cardiac surgery	30 (10.6)	210 (11.2)	0.831	0.020	29 (10.7)	79 (10.9)	1.000	0.004
AVR, n (%)	23 (8.10)	185 (9.86)	0.406	0.062	22 (8.15)	64 (8.80)	0.841	0.023
MV surgery, n (%)	5 (1.76)	24 (1.28)	0.576	0.039	5 (1.85)	11 (1.51)	0.777	0.026
Bentall/David, n (%)	1 (0.35)	4 (0.21)	0.506	0.026	1 (0.37)	2 (0.28)	1.000	0.017
Other, n (%)	0 (0.00)	1 (0.05)	1.000	0.033	0 (0.00)	1 (0.14)	1.000	0.052
AF or AFlutter, n (%)	109 (38.4)	744 (39.7)	0.719	0.027	104 (38.5)	267 (36.8)	0.677	0.035
PVD, n (%)	60 (21.1)	395 (21.1)	1.000	0.002	57 (21.1)	143 (19.7)	0.677	0.036
COPD, n (%)	86 (30.3)	465 (24.8)	0.057	0.123	81 (30.0)	210 (28.9)	0.791	0.024
Prior neurologic event, n (%)	42 (14.8)	233 (12.4)	0.307	0.069	39 (14.4)	114 (15.7)	0.702	0.035
Reduced mobility, n (%)	41 (14.4)	192 (10.2)	0.043	0.128	39 (14.4)	101 (13.9)	0.904	0.016
Preop pacemaker, n (%)	39 (13.7)	271 (14.4)	0.819	0.020	36 (13.3)	103 (14.2)	0.814	0.024
Preop ICD, n (%)	4 (1.41)	13 (0.69)	0.266	0.070	3 (1.11)	8 (1.10)	1.000	0.001
Prior AMI within 90 days, n (%)	2 (0.70)	23 (1.23)	0.764	0.053	1 (0.37)	4 (0.55)	1.000	0.027
Preop NYHA class			0.097	0.096			0.256	0.009
1, n (%)	0 (0.00)	14 (0.75)			0 (0.00)	10 (1.38)
2, n (%)	184 (64.8)	1129 (60.2)			176 (65.2)	458 (63.0)
3, n (%)	95 (33.5)	656 (35.0)			89 (33.0)	245 (33.7)
4, n (%)	5 (1.76)	75 (4.00)			5 (1.85)	14 (1.93)
Preop LVEF (%), median (IQR)	60.0 (50.0; 65.0)	60.0 (47.0; 65.0)	0.032	0.174	60.0 (50.0; 65.0)	60.0 (50.0; 65.0)	0.644	0.007
Preop AR grade			0.603	0.096			0.863	0.080
0, n (%)	85 (31.2)	513 (28.5)			81 (31.4)	204 (29.9)
1, n (%)	133 (48.9)	893 (49.5)			125 (48.4)	354 (51.8)
2, n (%)	41 (15.1)	272 (15.1)			40 (15.5)	92 (13.5)
3, n (%)	9 (3.31)	73 (4.05)			9 (3.49)	26 (3.81)
4, n (%)	4 (1.47)	52 (2.88)			3 (1.16)	7 (1.02)
Preop MR grade			0.071	0.011			0.372	0.152
0, n (%)	43 (15.4)	345 (18.9)			42 (15.8)	135 (19.5)
1, n (%)	174 (62.4)	986 (54.1)			164 (61.9)	383 (55.3)
2, n (%)	51 (18.3)	414 (22.7)			49 (18.5)	144 (20.8)
3, n (%)	5 (1.79)	52 (2.85)			5 (1.89)	20 (2.89)
4, n (%)	6 (2.15)	26 (1.43)			5 (1.89)	10 (1.45)
Preop Hb (mg/dl) , median (IQR)	12.1 (11.0; 13.1)	12.5 (11.3; 13.6)	0.001	0.163	12.1 (1.58)	12.2 (1.58)	0.637	0.034
Preop eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m²), median (IQR)	47.3 (35.4; 63.9)	50.9 (37.7; 66.5)	0.033	0.098	46.4 (35.1; 61.8)	49.8 (37.5; 64.9)	0.091	0.064
BAV, n (%)	7 (2.68)	80 (4.65)	0.199	0.105	7 (2.83)	19 (2.86)	1.000	0.002
Valve in valve, n (%)	26 (9.85)	191 (11.0)	0.642	0.038	24 (9.60)	67 (10.0)	0.944	0.014
TAVI in TAVI, n (%)	3 (1.06)	9 (0.48)	0.202	0.066	2 (0.74)	6 (0.83)	1.000	0.010
TAVI in TAVI in valve, n (%)	0 (0.00)	1 (0.05)	1.000	0.033	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	.	<0.001
Risk profile
Low, n (%)	2 (0.70)	6 (0.32)	0.284	0.054	1 (0.37)	2 (0.28)	1.000	0.017
Intermediate, n (%)	15 (5.28)	70 (3.73)	0.276	0.075	14 (5.19)	31 (4.26)	0.652	0.043
High, n (%)	267 (94.7)	1801 (96.3)	0.269	0.076	255 (94.8)	694 (95.7)	0.650	0.044
EuroSCORE II, median (IQR)	4.33 (2.71; 6.58)	4.00 (2.50; 6.70)	0.208	0.021	4.36 (2.81; 6.66)	4.00 (2.41; 6.30)	0.083	0.051
STS, median (IQR)	4.84 (3.12; 6.80)	4.20 (2.68; 6.56)	0.003	0.106	4.89 (3.20; 6.83)	4.69 (3.01; 6.91)	0.306	0.070
Preop medication
Statins, n (%)	113 (40.1)	846 (45.2)	0.118	0.105	112 (41.8)	302 (41.8)	1.000	<0.001
ACE inhibitors, n (%)	80 (28.4)	571 (30.5)	0.504	0.047	79 (29.5)	201 (27.8)	0.659	0.037
Antiplatelet agents, n (%)	160 (56.7)	1086 (58.2)	0.697	0.029	152 (56.7)	417 (57.8)	0.825	0.021
Vitamin K antagonists, n (%)	49 (17.3)	308 (16.5)	0.787	0.023	47 (17.5)	128 (17.7)	1.000	0.006
DOACs, n (%)	59 (20.8)	375 (20.1)	0.817	0.020	57 (21.2)	138 (19.1)	0.515	0.052
LMWHs, n (%)	2 (0.80)	9 (0.54)	0.644	0.032	2 (0.84)	5 (0.78)	1.000	0.007
Urgent procedure, n (%)	30 (10.6)	241 (12.8)	0.324	0.071	29 (10.7)	68 (9.35)	0.592	0.046
Left-sided approach, n (%)	54 (19.6)	172 (9.95)	<0.001	0.273	48 (18.3)	104 (15.5)	0.347	0.075
Large (>20 F) sheath, n (%)	36 (12.7)	331 (17.7)	0.044	0.140	34 (12.6)	85 (11.7)	0.791	0.027
Closure system used
Proglide (alone), n (%)	244 (86.8)	1611 (86.0)	0.765	0.025	230 (86.1)	618 (85.4)	0.834	0.022
Angio-Seal, n (%)	70 (24.9)	964 (51.4)	<0.001	0.567	69 (25.8)	218 (30.1)	0.217	0.095
Prostar, n (%)	24 (8.5)	152 (8.1)	0.898	0.016	24 (8.9)	58 (8.0)	0.715	0.035
Manta, n (%)	8 (2.8)	79 (4.2)	0.355	0.074	8 (3.0)	37 (5.1)	0.213	0.107
PerQseal, n (%)	4 (1.4)	30 (1.6)	1.000	0.015	4 (1.5)	10 (1.4)	1.000	0.010
General anaesthesia, n (%)	17 (5.99)	88 (4.69)	0.424	0.058	16 (5.93)	41 (5.64)	0.984	0.012
Conversion from local to general anaesthesia, n (%)	5 (1.76)	2 (0.11)	0.001	0.172	0 (0.00)	2 (0.28)	1.000	0.074
Valve type
Edwards, n (%)	95 (33.5)	826 (44.0)	0.001	0.218	91 (33.7)	258 (35.5)	0.653	0.037
Corevalve, n (%)	169 (59.9)	904 (48.3)	<0.001	0.234	162 (60.4)	411 (56.7)	0.321	0.076
Other, n (%)	26 (10.1)	151 (8.97)	0.631	0.039	22 (9.05)	69 (10.7)	0.547	0.056
Valve size (mm), median (IQR)	26.0 (26.0; 29.0)	26.0 (26.0; 29.0)	0.275	0.048	26.0 (26.0; 29.0)	26.0 (26.0; 29.0)	0.650	0.013

	Before matching				After matching
	Vascular complications (n = 284)	No vascular complications (n = 1877)	P-Value	ASMD	Vascular complications (n = 270)	No vascular complications (n = 727)	P-Value	ASMD
Male, n (%)	110 (38.7)	1033 (55.0)	<0.001	0.331	105 (38.9)	302 (41.5)	0.494	0.054
Age (years), median (IQR)	84.0 (79.0; 87.0)	83.0 (78.0; 87.0)	0.215	0.088	84.0 (79.0; 87.0)	84.0 (79.0; 87.0)	0.689	0.023
BMI (kg/m²), median (IQR)	26.2 (22.9; 29.8)	26.6 (23.6; 30.1)	0.382	0.023	26.4 (23.1; 29.9)	26.4 (23.6; 30.1)	0.686	0.006
Diabetes, n (%)	81 (28.5)	488 (26.0)	0.411	0.056	77 (28.5)	215 (29.6)	0.805	0.023
Insulin, n (%)	27 (9.51)	158 (8.42)	0.621	0.038	27 (10.0)	65 (8.94)	0.696	0.036
AHT, n (%)	232 (81.7)	1482 (79.0)	0.342	0.067	222 (82.2)	588 (80.9)	0.696	0.035
Dyslipidaemia, n (%)	173 (60.9)	1163 (62.0)	0.769	0.023	166 (61.5)	439 (60.4)	0.809	0.022
Smoking, n (%)	8 (2.82)	79 (4.22)	0.339	0.076	6 (2.22)	19 (2.62)	0.900	0.026
Prior MI, n (%)	21 (7.39)	149 (7.95)	0.838	0.021	20 (7.41)	63 (8.67)	0.610	0.046
Prior cardiac surgery	30 (10.6)	210 (11.2)	0.831	0.020	29 (10.7)	79 (10.9)	1.000	0.004
AVR, n (%)	23 (8.10)	185 (9.86)	0.406	0.062	22 (8.15)	64 (8.80)	0.841	0.023
MV surgery, n (%)	5 (1.76)	24 (1.28)	0.576	0.039	5 (1.85)	11 (1.51)	0.777	0.026
Bentall/David, n (%)	1 (0.35)	4 (0.21)	0.506	0.026	1 (0.37)	2 (0.28)	1.000	0.017
Other, n (%)	0 (0.00)	1 (0.05)	1.000	0.033	0 (0.00)	1 (0.14)	1.000	0.052
AF or AFlutter, n (%)	109 (38.4)	744 (39.7)	0.719	0.027	104 (38.5)	267 (36.8)	0.677	0.035
PVD, n (%)	60 (21.1)	395 (21.1)	1.000	0.002	57 (21.1)	143 (19.7)	0.677	0.036
COPD, n (%)	86 (30.3)	465 (24.8)	0.057	0.123	81 (30.0)	210 (28.9)	0.791	0.024
Prior neurologic event, n (%)	42 (14.8)	233 (12.4)	0.307	0.069	39 (14.4)	114 (15.7)	0.702	0.035
Reduced mobility, n (%)	41 (14.4)	192 (10.2)	0.043	0.128	39 (14.4)	101 (13.9)	0.904	0.016
Preop pacemaker, n (%)	39 (13.7)	271 (14.4)	0.819	0.020	36 (13.3)	103 (14.2)	0.814	0.024
Preop ICD, n (%)	4 (1.41)	13 (0.69)	0.266	0.070	3 (1.11)	8 (1.10)	1.000	0.001
Prior AMI within 90 days, n (%)	2 (0.70)	23 (1.23)	0.764	0.053	1 (0.37)	4 (0.55)	1.000	0.027
Preop NYHA class			0.097	0.096			0.256	0.009
1, n (%)	0 (0.00)	14 (0.75)			0 (0.00)	10 (1.38)
2, n (%)	184 (64.8)	1129 (60.2)			176 (65.2)	458 (63.0)
3, n (%)	95 (33.5)	656 (35.0)			89 (33.0)	245 (33.7)
4, n (%)	5 (1.76)	75 (4.00)			5 (1.85)	14 (1.93)
Preop LVEF (%), median (IQR)	60.0 (50.0; 65.0)	60.0 (47.0; 65.0)	0.032	0.174	60.0 (50.0; 65.0)	60.0 (50.0; 65.0)	0.644	0.007
Preop AR grade			0.603	0.096			0.863	0.080
0, n (%)	85 (31.2)	513 (28.5)			81 (31.4)	204 (29.9)
1, n (%)	133 (48.9)	893 (49.5)			125 (48.4)	354 (51.8)
2, n (%)	41 (15.1)	272 (15.1)			40 (15.5)	92 (13.5)
3, n (%)	9 (3.31)	73 (4.05)			9 (3.49)	26 (3.81)
4, n (%)	4 (1.47)	52 (2.88)			3 (1.16)	7 (1.02)
Preop MR grade			0.071	0.011			0.372	0.152
0, n (%)	43 (15.4)	345 (18.9)			42 (15.8)	135 (19.5)
1, n (%)	174 (62.4)	986 (54.1)			164 (61.9)	383 (55.3)
2, n (%)	51 (18.3)	414 (22.7)			49 (18.5)	144 (20.8)
3, n (%)	5 (1.79)	52 (2.85)			5 (1.89)	20 (2.89)
4, n (%)	6 (2.15)	26 (1.43)			5 (1.89)	10 (1.45)
Preop Hb (mg/dl) , median (IQR)	12.1 (11.0; 13.1)	12.5 (11.3; 13.6)	0.001	0.163	12.1 (1.58)	12.2 (1.58)	0.637	0.034
Preop eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m²), median (IQR)	47.3 (35.4; 63.9)	50.9 (37.7; 66.5)	0.033	0.098	46.4 (35.1; 61.8)	49.8 (37.5; 64.9)	0.091	0.064
BAV, n (%)	7 (2.68)	80 (4.65)	0.199	0.105	7 (2.83)	19 (2.86)	1.000	0.002
Valve in valve, n (%)	26 (9.85)	191 (11.0)	0.642	0.038	24 (9.60)	67 (10.0)	0.944	0.014
TAVI in TAVI, n (%)	3 (1.06)	9 (0.48)	0.202	0.066	2 (0.74)	6 (0.83)	1.000	0.010
TAVI in TAVI in valve, n (%)	0 (0.00)	1 (0.05)	1.000	0.033	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	.	<0.001
Risk profile
Low, n (%)	2 (0.70)	6 (0.32)	0.284	0.054	1 (0.37)	2 (0.28)	1.000	0.017
Intermediate, n (%)	15 (5.28)	70 (3.73)	0.276	0.075	14 (5.19)	31 (4.26)	0.652	0.043
High, n (%)	267 (94.7)	1801 (96.3)	0.269	0.076	255 (94.8)	694 (95.7)	0.650	0.044
EuroSCORE II, median (IQR)	4.33 (2.71; 6.58)	4.00 (2.50; 6.70)	0.208	0.021	4.36 (2.81; 6.66)	4.00 (2.41; 6.30)	0.083	0.051
STS, median (IQR)	4.84 (3.12; 6.80)	4.20 (2.68; 6.56)	0.003	0.106	4.89 (3.20; 6.83)	4.69 (3.01; 6.91)	0.306	0.070
Preop medication
Statins, n (%)	113 (40.1)	846 (45.2)	0.118	0.105	112 (41.8)	302 (41.8)	1.000	<0.001
ACE inhibitors, n (%)	80 (28.4)	571 (30.5)	0.504	0.047	79 (29.5)	201 (27.8)	0.659	0.037
Antiplatelet agents, n (%)	160 (56.7)	1086 (58.2)	0.697	0.029	152 (56.7)	417 (57.8)	0.825	0.021
Vitamin K antagonists, n (%)	49 (17.3)	308 (16.5)	0.787	0.023	47 (17.5)	128 (17.7)	1.000	0.006
DOACs, n (%)	59 (20.8)	375 (20.1)	0.817	0.020	57 (21.2)	138 (19.1)	0.515	0.052
LMWHs, n (%)	2 (0.80)	9 (0.54)	0.644	0.032	2 (0.84)	5 (0.78)	1.000	0.007
Urgent procedure, n (%)	30 (10.6)	241 (12.8)	0.324	0.071	29 (10.7)	68 (9.35)	0.592	0.046
Left-sided approach, n (%)	54 (19.6)	172 (9.95)	<0.001	0.273	48 (18.3)	104 (15.5)	0.347	0.075
Large (>20 F) sheath, n (%)	36 (12.7)	331 (17.7)	0.044	0.140	34 (12.6)	85 (11.7)	0.791	0.027
Closure system used
Proglide (alone), n (%)	244 (86.8)	1611 (86.0)	0.765	0.025	230 (86.1)	618 (85.4)	0.834	0.022
Angio-Seal, n (%)	70 (24.9)	964 (51.4)	<0.001	0.567	69 (25.8)	218 (30.1)	0.217	0.095
Prostar, n (%)	24 (8.5)	152 (8.1)	0.898	0.016	24 (8.9)	58 (8.0)	0.715	0.035
Manta, n (%)	8 (2.8)	79 (4.2)	0.355	0.074	8 (3.0)	37 (5.1)	0.213	0.107
PerQseal, n (%)	4 (1.4)	30 (1.6)	1.000	0.015	4 (1.5)	10 (1.4)	1.000	0.010
General anaesthesia, n (%)	17 (5.99)	88 (4.69)	0.424	0.058	16 (5.93)	41 (5.64)	0.984	0.012
Conversion from local to general anaesthesia, n (%)	5 (1.76)	2 (0.11)	0.001	0.172	0 (0.00)	2 (0.28)	1.000	0.074
Valve type
Edwards, n (%)	95 (33.5)	826 (44.0)	0.001	0.218	91 (33.7)	258 (35.5)	0.653	0.037
Corevalve, n (%)	169 (59.9)	904 (48.3)	<0.001	0.234	162 (60.4)	411 (56.7)	0.321	0.076
Other, n (%)	26 (10.1)	151 (8.97)	0.631	0.039	22 (9.05)	69 (10.7)	0.547	0.056
Valve size (mm), median (IQR)	26.0 (26.0; 29.0)	26.0 (26.0; 29.0)	0.275	0.048	26.0 (26.0; 29.0)	26.0 (26.0; 29.0)	0.650	0.013

ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme; AF: atrial fibrillation; AFlutter: atrial flutter; AHT: arterial hypertension; AMI: acute myocardial infarction; AR: aortic regurgitation; ASMD: absolute standardized mean difference; AVR: aortic valve replacement; BAV: bicuspid aortic valve; BMI: body mass index; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; EuroSCORE: European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation; Hb: haemoglobin; ICD: implantable cardioverter–defibrillator; IQR: interquartile range; LVEF: left ventricle ejection fraction; MI: myocardial infarction; MR: mitral regurgitation; MV: mitral valve; NYHA: New York Heart Association functional class; PVD: peripheral vascular disease; STS: Society of Thoracic Surgeons score; TAVI: transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

This Feature Is Available To Subscribers Only