Table 1 Open in new tab Information of...

Table 1

Information of the included studies

Author	Region	Enrolled period	Data source	Primary statistical method	Number of patients treated with rivaroxaban^a	Number of patients treated with rivaroxaban eligible for J-ROCKET AF^a	Number of patients treated with rivaroxaban eligible for ROCKET AF^a	Number of patients treated with rivaroxaban 10 mg despite of CrCl > 50 mL/min^a	Number of patients treated with rivaroxaban 20 mg despite of CrCl < 50 mL/min^a
Amarenco et al. 2019⁶	Europe, Canada, Israel	2012–2013	The XANTUS (prospective)	MLR	6784	583	3608	NR	232
Atarashi et al. 2021⁷	Japan	2013–2014	The EXPAND (prospective)	PSM	6806	5089	108	1609	NR
Kim et al. 2021⁸	Korea	2012–2017	Hospital-based electrical medical database (retrospective)	PSM	283	177	106	NR	NR
Yagi et al. 2020⁹	Japan	2012–2017	Hospital-based electrical medical database (retrospective)	Not adjusted	631	500	8	123	NR
Cho et al. 2020¹⁰	Korea	2015–2016	National Health Insurance Service database (retrospective)	IPTW	9639	4879	4760	NR	NR
González-Pérez et al. 2022¹¹	UK	2012–2018	IQVIA Medical Research Data UK database (retrospective)	MLR	14 284	888	12 590	NR	806
Alcusky et al. 2020¹²	USA	2011–2016	Medicare beneficiaries database (retrospective)	MLR	3735	1647	1658	NR	430
Ikeda et al. 2019¹⁵	Japan	2012–2014	The XAPASS (prospective)	IPTW	6521	4185	NR	2336	NR
Yu et al. 2020¹⁶	Korea	2013–2016	National Health Insurance Service database (retrospective)	MLR	20 143	5426	12 332	NR	2385
Arashi et al. 2020¹⁷	Japan	2015–2017	The AFIRE (prospective)	PSM	1378	1022	NR	356	NR
Briasoulis et al. 2020¹⁸	USA	2010–2016	Medicare beneficiaries database (retrospective)	PSM	19 712	2551	13 257	NR	3904
Lee et al. 2019¹⁹	Korea	2014–2016	National Health Insurance Service database (retrospective)	PSM	13 594	5796	7798	NR	NR
Xu et al. 2022²⁰	China	2016–2020	Hospital-based electrical medical database (retrospective)	PSM	1227	890	337	NR	NR
Yao et al. 2017²¹	USA	2010–2015	OptumLabs Data Warehouse (retrospective)	PSM	6428	815	5188	NR	425
Ashraf et al. 2021²²	USA	2001–2017	Hospital-based electrical medical database (retrospective)	MLR	2518	440	2078	NR	NR
Chan et al. 2020²³	Taiwan	2012–2018	Hospital-based electrical medical database (retrospective)	MLR	5135	2837	1354	858	86
Cheng et al. 2021²⁴	Taiwan	2012–2016	Hospital-based electrical medical database (retrospective)	MLR	2214	1373	257	584	NR
Fernandez et al. 2021²⁵	Spain	2016–2019	The EMIR (prospective)	MLR	1421	138	1183	NR	100
NR, not reported; APT, antiplatelet agent; BMI, body mass index; CHA₂DS₂-VASc, congestive heart failure, hypertension, age 75 years or older, diabetes mellitus, previous stroke/transient ischaemic attack, vascular disease, age 65 to 74 years, female; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CrCl, creatinine clearance rate; HAS-BLED, hypertension, abnormal renal or liver function, stroke, bleeding history, labile INR, age 65 years or older, and antiplatelet drug or alcohol use; IPTW, inverse probability of treatment weighting; MLR, multivariable logistic regression; PSM, propensity score matching; sCr, serum creatinine. ^aCrude patient number before adjustment.

Author	Region	Enrolled period	Data source	Primary statistical method	Number of patients treated with rivaroxaban^a	Number of patients treated with rivaroxaban eligible for J-ROCKET AF^a	Number of patients treated with rivaroxaban eligible for ROCKET AF^a	Number of patients treated with rivaroxaban 10 mg despite of CrCl > 50 mL/min^a	Number of patients treated with rivaroxaban 20 mg despite of CrCl < 50 mL/min^a
Amarenco et al. 2019⁶	Europe, Canada, Israel	2012–2013	The XANTUS (prospective)	MLR	6784	583	3608	NR	232
Atarashi et al. 2021⁷	Japan	2013–2014	The EXPAND (prospective)	PSM	6806	5089	108	1609	NR
Kim et al. 2021⁸	Korea	2012–2017	Hospital-based electrical medical database (retrospective)	PSM	283	177	106	NR	NR
Yagi et al. 2020⁹	Japan	2012–2017	Hospital-based electrical medical database (retrospective)	Not adjusted	631	500	8	123	NR
Cho et al. 2020¹⁰	Korea	2015–2016	National Health Insurance Service database (retrospective)	IPTW	9639	4879	4760	NR	NR
González-Pérez et al. 2022¹¹	UK	2012–2018	IQVIA Medical Research Data UK database (retrospective)	MLR	14 284	888	12 590	NR	806
Alcusky et al. 2020¹²	USA	2011–2016	Medicare beneficiaries database (retrospective)	MLR	3735	1647	1658	NR	430
Ikeda et al. 2019¹⁵	Japan	2012–2014	The XAPASS (prospective)	IPTW	6521	4185	NR	2336	NR
Yu et al. 2020¹⁶	Korea	2013–2016	National Health Insurance Service database (retrospective)	MLR	20 143	5426	12 332	NR	2385
Arashi et al. 2020¹⁷	Japan	2015–2017	The AFIRE (prospective)	PSM	1378	1022	NR	356	NR
Briasoulis et al. 2020¹⁸	USA	2010–2016	Medicare beneficiaries database (retrospective)	PSM	19 712	2551	13 257	NR	3904
Lee et al. 2019¹⁹	Korea	2014–2016	National Health Insurance Service database (retrospective)	PSM	13 594	5796	7798	NR	NR
Xu et al. 2022²⁰	China	2016–2020	Hospital-based electrical medical database (retrospective)	PSM	1227	890	337	NR	NR
Yao et al. 2017²¹	USA	2010–2015	OptumLabs Data Warehouse (retrospective)	PSM	6428	815	5188	NR	425
Ashraf et al. 2021²²	USA	2001–2017	Hospital-based electrical medical database (retrospective)	MLR	2518	440	2078	NR	NR
Chan et al. 2020²³	Taiwan	2012–2018	Hospital-based electrical medical database (retrospective)	MLR	5135	2837	1354	858	86
Cheng et al. 2021²⁴	Taiwan	2012–2016	Hospital-based electrical medical database (retrospective)	MLR	2214	1373	257	584	NR
Fernandez et al. 2021²⁵	Spain	2016–2019	The EMIR (prospective)	MLR	1421	138	1183	NR	100
NR, not reported; APT, antiplatelet agent; BMI, body mass index; CHA₂DS₂-VASc, congestive heart failure, hypertension, age 75 years or older, diabetes mellitus, previous stroke/transient ischaemic attack, vascular disease, age 65 to 74 years, female; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CrCl, creatinine clearance rate; HAS-BLED, hypertension, abnormal renal or liver function, stroke, bleeding history, labile INR, age 65 years or older, and antiplatelet drug or alcohol use; IPTW, inverse probability of treatment weighting; MLR, multivariable logistic regression; PSM, propensity score matching; sCr, serum creatinine. ^aCrude patient number before adjustment.

Author	Age (mean)	Female (%)	Body weight (kg)	BMI (kg/m²)	CrCl (mL/min)	CKD or CrCl < 50	CHA₂DS₂-VASc	HAS-BLED	Bleeding history	Heart failure	Hypertension	Diabetes	Stroke or TIA	Vascular disease	Dyslipidaemia	Use of APT
Amarenco et al. 2019⁶	71.5	41	83.0	28.2	NR	9%	3.4	NR	NR	19%	75%	20%	19%	10%	NR	18%
Atarashi et al. 2021⁷	71.6	32	62.7	NR	NR	22%	3.4	1.4	4%	27%	71%	25%	24%	4%	42%	9%
Kim et al. 2021⁸	72.5	45	NR	NR	NR	NR	3.3	NR	NR	9%	63%	24%	20%	11%	NR	NR
Yagi et al. 2020⁹	69.1	22	67.1	NR	75.4	16%	2.2	1.5	NR	17%	54%	16%	6%	5%	31%	11%
Cho et al. 2020¹⁰	69.8	40	NR	25.5	72.7	2%	3.3	2.4	NR	19%	89%	47%	2%	11%	NR	9%
González-Pérez et al. 2022¹¹	74.9	43	NR	NR	NR	42%	3.4	1.7	27%	16%	67%	NR	13%	27%	NR	46%
Alcusky et al. 2020¹²	84	69	NR	NR	NR	19%	5	3*	NR	33%	84%	35%	23%	26%	NR	23%
Ikeda et al. 2019¹⁵	69.5	31	65.3	24.8	78.8	0%	3.1	1.3	NR	21%	74%	23%	21%	3%	NR	13%
Yu et al. 2020¹⁶	70.5	40	NR	NR	NR	8%	4.6	NR	NR	61%	96%	32%	46%	29%	92%	16%
Arashi et al. 2020¹⁷	71.4	14	68.6	25.4	74.3	0%	3.7	2.1	1%	30%	87%	45%	13%	34%	71%	36%
Briasoulis et al. 2020¹⁸	NR	50	NR	NR	NR	47%	NR	NR	25%	28%	93%	49%	24%	43%	NR	26%
Lee et al. 2019¹⁹	71.2	45	63.8	24.7	82.3	0%	3.5	NR	0%	30%	72%	22%	0%	3%	42%	NR
Xu et al. 2022²⁰	64.2	43	65.8	NR	75.8	NR	2.1	1.3	NR	5%	81%	26%	2%	7%	NR	NR
Yao et al. 2017²¹	70.6	43	NR	NR	69.9	17%	NR	NR	11%	40%	90%	42%	14%	28%	82%	8%
Ashraf et al. 2021²²	73.8	44	NR	30.6	sCr: 1.1	17%	3.7	2.4+	NR	NR	83%	28%	22%	29%	66%	NR
Chan et al. 2020²³	74.2	42	65.4	NR	60.9	25%	3.5	2.8	NR	11%	75%	34%	17%	12%	43%	54%
Cheng et al. 2021²⁴	75.7	36	NR	NR	71.3	NR	2.9	NR	8%	25%	57%	22%	2%	9%	NR	24%
Fernandez et al. 2021²⁵	74.2	44	79.7	29.1	76.0	16%	3.5	1.6	3%	23%	79%	27%	13%	17%	55%	8%

Author	Age (mean)	Female (%)	Body weight (kg)	BMI (kg/m²)	CrCl (mL/min)	CKD or CrCl < 50	CHA₂DS₂-VASc	HAS-BLED	Bleeding history	Heart failure	Hypertension	Diabetes	Stroke or TIA	Vascular disease	Dyslipidaemia	Use of APT
Amarenco et al. 2019⁶	71.5	41	83.0	28.2	NR	9%	3.4	NR	NR	19%	75%	20%	19%	10%	NR	18%
Atarashi et al. 2021⁷	71.6	32	62.7	NR	NR	22%	3.4	1.4	4%	27%	71%	25%	24%	4%	42%	9%
Kim et al. 2021⁸	72.5	45	NR	NR	NR	NR	3.3	NR	NR	9%	63%	24%	20%	11%	NR	NR
Yagi et al. 2020⁹	69.1	22	67.1	NR	75.4	16%	2.2	1.5	NR	17%	54%	16%	6%	5%	31%	11%
Cho et al. 2020¹⁰	69.8	40	NR	25.5	72.7	2%	3.3	2.4	NR	19%	89%	47%	2%	11%	NR	9%
González-Pérez et al. 2022¹¹	74.9	43	NR	NR	NR	42%	3.4	1.7	27%	16%	67%	NR	13%	27%	NR	46%
Alcusky et al. 2020¹²	84	69	NR	NR	NR	19%	5	3*	NR	33%	84%	35%	23%	26%	NR	23%
Ikeda et al. 2019¹⁵	69.5	31	65.3	24.8	78.8	0%	3.1	1.3	NR	21%	74%	23%	21%	3%	NR	13%
Yu et al. 2020¹⁶	70.5	40	NR	NR	NR	8%	4.6	NR	NR	61%	96%	32%	46%	29%	92%	16%
Arashi et al. 2020¹⁷	71.4	14	68.6	25.4	74.3	0%	3.7	2.1	1%	30%	87%	45%	13%	34%	71%	36%
Briasoulis et al. 2020¹⁸	NR	50	NR	NR	NR	47%	NR	NR	25%	28%	93%	49%	24%	43%	NR	26%
Lee et al. 2019¹⁹	71.2	45	63.8	24.7	82.3	0%	3.5	NR	0%	30%	72%	22%	0%	3%	42%	NR
Xu et al. 2022²⁰	64.2	43	65.8	NR	75.8	NR	2.1	1.3	NR	5%	81%	26%	2%	7%	NR	NR
Yao et al. 2017²¹	70.6	43	NR	NR	69.9	17%	NR	NR	11%	40%	90%	42%	14%	28%	82%	8%
Ashraf et al. 2021²²	73.8	44	NR	30.6	sCr: 1.1	17%	3.7	2.4+	NR	NR	83%	28%	22%	29%	66%	NR
Chan et al. 2020²³	74.2	42	65.4	NR	60.9	25%	3.5	2.8	NR	11%	75%	34%	17%	12%	43%	54%
Cheng et al. 2021²⁴	75.7	36	NR	NR	71.3	NR	2.9	NR	8%	25%	57%	22%	2%	9%	NR	24%
Fernandez et al. 2021²⁵	74.2	44	79.7	29.1	76.0	16%	3.5	1.6	3%	23%	79%	27%	13%	17%	55%	8%

Author	IS/SE^a (rate per 100 PYs)	Mortality^a (rate per 100 PYs)	Major bleeding^a (rate per 100 PYs)
Amarenco et al. 2019⁶	1.9 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)	1.9 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)	2.6 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)
	2.7 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	3.1 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	3.9 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)
	2.9 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)	3.8 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)	2.9 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)
Atarashi et al. 2021⁷	1.57 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)	5.09 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)	3.53 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)
	0.83 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	0.75 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	1.01 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)
	1.46 (10 mg if CrCl < 50; J-ROCKET AF)	3.69 (10 mg if CrCl < 50; J-RCOKET AF)	1.80 (10 mg if CrCl < 50; J-ROCKET AF)
	0.88 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)	1.67 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)	1.13 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)
Kim et al. 2021⁸	1.9 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)	0.9 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)	0.9 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)
Kim et al. 2021⁸	2.8 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	1.7 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	2.3 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)
Yagi et al. 2020⁹	0.0 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)	0.0 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)	0.0 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)
	0.1 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	0.3 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	0.7 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)
	0.0 (10 mg if CrCl < 50; J-ROCKET AF)	0.9 (10 mg if CrCl < 50; J-ROCKET AF)	1.9 (10 mg if CrCl < 50; J-ROCKET AF)
	0.0 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)	0.8 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)	0.8 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)
Cho et al. 2020¹⁰	2.0 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)	1.7 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)	1.7 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)
Cho et al. 2020¹⁰	2.5 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	1.9 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	2.2 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)
González-Pérez et al. 2022¹¹	1.7 (20 mg if CrCl < 50; overdosing)^d	19.4 (20 mg if CrCl < 50; overdosing)^d	NR
	1.1 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)^d	7.3 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)^d
	1.5 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)^d	23.1 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)^d
	2.4 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)^d	32.0 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)^d
Alcusky et al. 2020¹²	1.75 (2011–2013)^b	28.18 (2011–2013)^b	6.22 (2011–2013)^b
Alcusky et al. 2020¹²	1.89 (2014–2016)^b	31.17 (2014–2016)^b	6.58 (2014–2016)^b
Ikeda et al. 2019¹⁵	1.5 (15 or 10 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; J-ROCKET AF)^c	NR	1.6 (15 or 10 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; J-ROCKET AF)^c
Ikeda et al. 2019¹⁵	2.2 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)^c	NR	1.3 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)^c
Yu et al. 2020¹⁶	5.8 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)	5.4 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)	4.8 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)
	4.0 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)	3.1 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)	2.9 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)
	4.0 (15 if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	3.2 (15 if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	3.0 (15 if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)
Arashi et al. 2020¹⁷	1.1 (15 or 10 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; J-ROCKET AF)	1.4 (15 or 10 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; J-ROCKET AF)	2.2 (15 or 10 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; J-ROCKET AF)
Arashi et al. 2020¹⁷	0.7 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)	1.6 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)	0.8 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)
Briasoulis et al. 2020¹⁸	4.3 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)	NR	7.9 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)
	2.6 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)		4.3 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)
	5.7 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)		9.9 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)
	4.0 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)		6.7 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)
Lee et al. 2019¹⁹	2.2 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)^c	3.6 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)^c	2.3 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)^c
Lee et al. 2019¹⁹	2.6 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)^c	4.3 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)^c	2.7 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)^c
Xu et al. 2022²⁰	0.6 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)^d	9.2 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)^d	2.4 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)^d
Xu et al. 2022²⁰	1.8 (15 if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)^d	2.9 (15 if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)^d	0.2 (15 if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)^d
Yao et al. 2017²¹	2.8 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)^c	NR	11.0 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)^c
	1.7 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)^c		4.9 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)^c
	1.2 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)^c		5.9 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)^c
	1.2 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)^c		5.4 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)^c
Ashraf et al. 2021²²	18.9 for 5 years (on-label)^d,e	13.0 for 5 years (on-label)^d,e	8.3 for 5 years (on-label)^d,e
Ashraf et al. 2021²²	22.4 for 5 years (underdosing)^d,e	18.7 for 5 years (underdosing)^d,e	10.2 for 5 years (underdosing)^d,e
Chan et al. 2020²³	4.3 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)	4.5 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)	2.4 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)
	2.0 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)	7.8 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)	1.3 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)
	1.4 (15 or 10 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; J-ROCKET AF)	4.8 (15 or 10 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; J-ROCKET AF)	0.7 (15 or 10 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; J-ROCKET AF)
	2.7 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)	4.5 (10 mg if CrCl < 50)	0.5 (10 mg if CrCl < 50)
Cheng et al. 2021²⁴	0.9 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF or	NR	NR
	15 or 10 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; J-ROCKET AF)
	2.8 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)
Fernandez et al. 2021²⁵	1.1 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)	3.4 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)	2.3 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)
	0.5 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)	2.3 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)	0.8 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)
	0.4 (15 if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	5.8 (15 if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	1.3 (15 if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)

Author	IS/SE^a (rate per 100 PYs)	Mortality^a (rate per 100 PYs)	Major bleeding^a (rate per 100 PYs)
Amarenco et al. 2019⁶	1.9 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)	1.9 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)	2.6 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)
	2.7 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	3.1 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	3.9 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)
	2.9 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)	3.8 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)	2.9 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)
Atarashi et al. 2021⁷	1.57 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)	5.09 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)	3.53 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)
	0.83 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	0.75 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	1.01 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)
	1.46 (10 mg if CrCl < 50; J-ROCKET AF)	3.69 (10 mg if CrCl < 50; J-RCOKET AF)	1.80 (10 mg if CrCl < 50; J-ROCKET AF)
	0.88 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)	1.67 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)	1.13 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)
Kim et al. 2021⁸	1.9 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)	0.9 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)	0.9 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)
Kim et al. 2021⁸	2.8 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	1.7 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	2.3 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)
Yagi et al. 2020⁹	0.0 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)	0.0 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)	0.0 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)
	0.1 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	0.3 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	0.7 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)
	0.0 (10 mg if CrCl < 50; J-ROCKET AF)	0.9 (10 mg if CrCl < 50; J-ROCKET AF)	1.9 (10 mg if CrCl < 50; J-ROCKET AF)
	0.0 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)	0.8 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)	0.8 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)
Cho et al. 2020¹⁰	2.0 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)	1.7 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)	1.7 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)
Cho et al. 2020¹⁰	2.5 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	1.9 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	2.2 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)
González-Pérez et al. 2022¹¹	1.7 (20 mg if CrCl < 50; overdosing)^d	19.4 (20 mg if CrCl < 50; overdosing)^d	NR
	1.1 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)^d	7.3 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)^d
	1.5 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)^d	23.1 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)^d
	2.4 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)^d	32.0 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)^d
Alcusky et al. 2020¹²	1.75 (2011–2013)^b	28.18 (2011–2013)^b	6.22 (2011–2013)^b
Alcusky et al. 2020¹²	1.89 (2014–2016)^b	31.17 (2014–2016)^b	6.58 (2014–2016)^b
Ikeda et al. 2019¹⁵	1.5 (15 or 10 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; J-ROCKET AF)^c	NR	1.6 (15 or 10 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; J-ROCKET AF)^c
Ikeda et al. 2019¹⁵	2.2 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)^c	NR	1.3 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)^c
Yu et al. 2020¹⁶	5.8 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)	5.4 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)	4.8 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)
	4.0 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)	3.1 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)	2.9 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)
	4.0 (15 if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	3.2 (15 if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	3.0 (15 if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)
Arashi et al. 2020¹⁷	1.1 (15 or 10 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; J-ROCKET AF)	1.4 (15 or 10 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; J-ROCKET AF)	2.2 (15 or 10 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; J-ROCKET AF)
Arashi et al. 2020¹⁷	0.7 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)	1.6 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)	0.8 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)
Briasoulis et al. 2020¹⁸	4.3 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)	NR	7.9 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)
	2.6 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)		4.3 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)
	5.7 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)		9.9 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)
	4.0 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)		6.7 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)
Lee et al. 2019¹⁹	2.2 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)^c	3.6 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)^c	2.3 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)^c
Lee et al. 2019¹⁹	2.6 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)^c	4.3 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)^c	2.7 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)^c
Xu et al. 2022²⁰	0.6 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)^d	9.2 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)^d	2.4 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)^d
Xu et al. 2022²⁰	1.8 (15 if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)^d	2.9 (15 if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)^d	0.2 (15 if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)^d
Yao et al. 2017²¹	2.8 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)^c	NR	11.0 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)^c
	1.7 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)^c		4.9 (20 mg if CrCl > 50; ROCKET AF)^c
	1.2 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)^c		5.9 (15 mg if CrCl < 50; ROCKET AF)^c
	1.2 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)^c		5.4 (15 mg if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)^c
Ashraf et al. 2021²²	18.9 for 5 years (on-label)^d,e	13.0 for 5 years (on-label)^d,e	8.3 for 5 years (on-label)^d,e
Ashraf et al. 2021²²	22.4 for 5 years (underdosing)^d,e	18.7 for 5 years (underdosing)^d,e	10.2 for 5 years (underdosing)^d,e
Chan et al. 2020²³	4.3 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)	4.5 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)	2.4 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)
	2.0 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)	7.8 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)	1.3 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)
	1.4 (15 or 10 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; J-ROCKET AF)	4.8 (15 or 10 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; J-ROCKET AF)	0.7 (15 or 10 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; J-ROCKET AF)
	2.7 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)	4.5 (10 mg if CrCl < 50)	0.5 (10 mg if CrCl < 50)
Cheng et al. 2021²⁴	0.9 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF or	NR	NR
	15 or 10 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; J-ROCKET AF)
	2.8 (10 mg if CrCl > 50)
Fernandez et al. 2021²⁵	1.1 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)	3.4 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)	2.3 (20 mg if CrCl < 50)
	0.5 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)	2.3 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)	0.8 (20 or 15 mg if CrCl > 50 or <50; ROCKET AF)
	0.4 (15 if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	5.8 (15 if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)	1.3 (15 if CrCl > 50; J-ROCKET AF)

IS/SE, ischemic stroke/systemic embolism; PY, patient-year; TIA, transient ischemic attack.

^aCrude annual incidence rate before adjustment.

^bNot reporting annual incidence rate for patients treated with on-labelling, underdosing, and overdosing rivaroxaban individually.

^cOnly reporting annual incidence rate after adjustment.

^dOnly reporting overall incidence rate without annual adjustment.

^eNot reporting annual incidence rate for rivaroxaban, dabigatran, or apixaban individually.

^*ATRIA bleeding score.