Table 1. Open in new tab Insecticidal...

Common name	Chemical group	Concentration^a	Insecticidal activity^b	References
Deltamethrin	Pyrethroids	2%	0.01 g/L	~	✔	X	Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)
Cypermethrin	Pyrethroids	–	0.05 g/L	–	✔	X	Garrido et al. (1990)
Imidacloprid	Neonicotinoids	35%	0.18–0.35 g/L	✔	–	~	Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)
Acetamiprid	Neonicotinoids	–	0.05–0.075 g/L	–	–	–	CADR (2021)
Spinosad	Spinosyns	–	0.1–0.15 g/L	–	–	–	DA (2023)
Chlorpyrifos	Organophosphates	5–7.5%	0.72–1.44 g/L	~	✔	X	Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000); Sanna-Passino and Delrio (2001)
Malathion	Organophosphates	–	1.5 g/L	–	✔	X	Garrido et al. (1990)
Azinphos-methyl	Organophosphates	8%	0.5–0.75 g/L	✔	✔	✔	Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)
Methiocarb	Carbamates	5%	0.5 g/L	✔	✔	✔	Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)
Carbosulfan	Carbamates	2%	1.25 g/L	✔	✔	~	Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)

Common name

Chemical group

Concentration^a

Insecticidal activity^b

References

Dusting

Foliar spray

Dusting

Contact
(Adults)

Ingestion
(Adults)

Deltamethrin

Pyrethroids

0.01 g/L

✔

Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)

Cypermethrin

Pyrethroids

–

0.05 g/L

–

✔

Garrido et al. (1990)

Imidacloprid

Neonicotinoids

35%

0.18–0.35 g/L

✔

–

Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)

Acetamiprid

Neonicotinoids

–

0.05–0.075 g/L

–

CADR (2021)

Spinosad

Spinosyns

–

0.1–0.15 g/L

–

DA (2023)

Chlorpyrifos

Organophosphates

5–7.5%

0.72–1.44 g/L

✔

Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000); Sanna-Passino and Delrio (2001)

Malathion

Organophosphates

–

1.5 g/L

–

✔

Garrido et al. (1990)

Azinphos-methyl

Organophosphates

0.5–0.75 g/L

✔

Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)

Methiocarb

Carbamates

0.5 g/L

✔

Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)

Carbosulfan

Carbamates

1.25 g/L

✔

Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)

Common name	Chemical group	Concentration^a	Insecticidal activity^b	References
Deltamethrin	Pyrethroids	2%	0.01 g/L	~	✔	X	Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)
Cypermethrin	Pyrethroids	–	0.05 g/L	–	✔	X	Garrido et al. (1990)
Imidacloprid	Neonicotinoids	35%	0.18–0.35 g/L	✔	–	~	Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)
Acetamiprid	Neonicotinoids	–	0.05–0.075 g/L	–	–	–	CADR (2021)
Spinosad	Spinosyns	–	0.1–0.15 g/L	–	–	–	DA (2023)
Chlorpyrifos	Organophosphates	5–7.5%	0.72–1.44 g/L	~	✔	X	Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000); Sanna-Passino and Delrio (2001)
Malathion	Organophosphates	–	1.5 g/L	–	✔	X	Garrido et al. (1990)
Azinphos-methyl	Organophosphates	8%	0.5–0.75 g/L	✔	✔	✔	Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)
Methiocarb	Carbamates	5%	0.5 g/L	✔	✔	✔	Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)
Carbosulfan	Carbamates	2%	1.25 g/L	✔	✔	~	Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)

Table 1.

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Insecticidal activity of selected insecticides against C. tenebrionis

Common name	Chemical group	Concentration^a		Insecticidal activity^b			References
Common name	Chemical group	Dusting	Foliar spray	Dusting	Contact (Adults)	Ingestion (Adults)	References
Deltamethrin	Pyrethroids	2%	0.01 g/L	~	✔	X	Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)
Cypermethrin	Pyrethroids	–	0.05 g/L	–	✔	X	Garrido et al. (1990)
Imidacloprid	Neonicotinoids	35%	0.18–0.35 g/L	✔	–	~	Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)
Acetamiprid	Neonicotinoids	–	0.05–0.075 g/L	–	–	–	CADR (2021)
Spinosad	Spinosyns	–	0.1–0.15 g/L	–	–	–	DA (2023)
Chlorpyrifos	Organophosphates	5–7.5%	0.72–1.44 g/L	~	✔	X	Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000); Sanna-Passino and Delrio (2001)
Malathion	Organophosphates	–	1.5 g/L	–	✔	X	Garrido et al. (1990)
Azinphos-methyl	Organophosphates	8%	0.5–0.75 g/L	✔	✔	✔	Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)
Methiocarb	Carbamates	5%	0.5 g/L	✔	✔	✔	Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)
Carbosulfan	Carbamates	2%	1.25 g/L	✔	✔	~	Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)

Common name	Chemical group	Concentration^a		Insecticidal activity^b			References
Common name	Chemical group	Dusting	Foliar spray	Dusting	Contact (Adults)	Ingestion (Adults)	References
Deltamethrin	Pyrethroids	2%	0.01 g/L	~	✔	X	Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)
Cypermethrin	Pyrethroids	–	0.05 g/L	–	✔	X	Garrido et al. (1990)
Imidacloprid	Neonicotinoids	35%	0.18–0.35 g/L	✔	–	~	Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)
Acetamiprid	Neonicotinoids	–	0.05–0.075 g/L	–	–	–	CADR (2021)
Spinosad	Spinosyns	–	0.1–0.15 g/L	–	–	–	DA (2023)
Chlorpyrifos	Organophosphates	5–7.5%	0.72–1.44 g/L	~	✔	X	Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000); Sanna-Passino and Delrio (2001)
Malathion	Organophosphates	–	1.5 g/L	–	✔	X	Garrido et al. (1990)
Azinphos-methyl	Organophosphates	8%	0.5–0.75 g/L	✔	✔	✔	Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)
Methiocarb	Carbamates	5%	0.5 g/L	✔	✔	✔	Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)
Carbosulfan	Carbamates	2%	1.25 g/L	✔	✔	~	Garrido et al. (1990); Ben-Yehuda et al. (2000)

^aConcentration of the active ingredient at the final application volume.

^b(✔): less than 10% infested plants (dusting bioassay) or more than 85% adult mortality (adult exposure bioassay); (~):10%–25% infested plants or 75%–85% adult mortality; (X): more than 25% infested plants or less than 75% adult mortality; (–): no available information.

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