Table 2 Open in new tab... | Oxford Academic

All patients

Group 1

Group 2

Group 3

P-value

Echocardiogram

(n = 63)

(n = 10)

(n = 17)

(n = 36)

IVSTd (mm)

17 [15, 18]

15 [12, 17]

17 [15, 17]

17 [16, 18]*

0.043

LVPWTd (mm)

16 ± 2

13 ± 3

15 ± 2

16 ± 2**

0.004

LVEF (%)

47 ± 10

52 ± 9

57 ± 5

40 ± 7*^##

<0.001

E/e′

17 ± 5

13 ± 5

16 ± 3

19 ± 6**

0.009

Global LS (%)

11 [8, 13]

14 [11, 16]

14 [12, 16]

9 [7, 11]^**##

<0.001

Regional LS (%)

Base

5 [3, 8]

10 [7, 12]

7 [5, 9]*

4 [3, 6]^**#

<0.001

Mid-ventricle

8 [5, 10]

11 [8, 15]

10 [9, 14]

6 [4, 8]^**##

0.002

Apex

18 ± 6

19 ± 6

24 ± 5*

16 ± 3^##

<0.001

RapLSI

1.33 [1.02, 1.78]

0.92 [0.71, 1.72]

1.38 [1.02, 1.78]*

1.38 [1.09, 1.87]**

0.003

RapLSI (>1), n (%)

50 (79)

4 (40)

14 (82)

32 (89)

0.003

CMR

(n = 48)

(n = 9)

(n = 14)

(n = 25)

LVEF (%)

53 ± 12

55 ± 9

63 ± 10

47 ± 11^##

<0.001

CI (L/min/m²)

2.1 ± 0.6

1.9 ± 0.7

2.1 ± 0.5

2.2 ± 0.6

0.580

LVEDV (mL/m²)

63 ± 18

55 ± 16

54 ± 12

72 ± 17*^##

0.001

LVESV (mL/m²)

27 [21, 41]

24 [20, 28]

21 [14, 27]

40 [27, 47]^**##

<0.001

Regional native T1 (ms)

(n = 47)

(n = 9)

(n = 14)

(n = 24)

Base

1441 ± 53

1392 ± 46

1457 ± 40**

1450 ± 53*

0.006

Mid-ventricle

1418 [1386, 1465]

1368 [1293, 1340]

1431 [1389, 1460]

1427 [1409, 1494]**

0.010

Apex

1434 ± 97

1388 ± 109

1456 ± 64

1439 ± 86

0.250

Regional ECV (%)

(n = 41)

(n = 9)

(n = 10)

(n = 22)

Base

56 [46, 61]

46 [39, 51]

52 [48, 60]

61 [54, 62]^**#

<0.001

Mid-ventricle

49 [44, 52]

43 [32, 45]

48 [42, 51]

51 [49, 55]^**#

0.004

Apex

45 ± 8

39 ± 6

42 ± 9

48 ± 5**

0.003

Table 2

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Echocardiographic and CMR parameters in study groups

	All patients	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	P-value
Echocardiogram	(n = 63)	(n = 10)	(n = 17)	(n = 36)
IVSTd (mm)	17 [15, 18]	15 [12, 17]	17 [15, 17]	17 [16, 18]*	0.043
LVPWTd (mm)	16 ± 2	13 ± 3	15 ± 2	16 ± 2**	0.004
LVEF (%)	47 ± 10	52 ± 9	57 ± 5	40 ± 7*^##	<0.001
E/e′	17 ± 5	13 ± 5	16 ± 3	19 ± 6**	0.009
Global LS (%)	11 [8, 13]	14 [11, 16]	14 [12, 16]	9 [7, 11]^**##	<0.001
Regional LS (%)
Base	5 [3, 8]	10 [7, 12]	7 [5, 9]*	4 [3, 6]^**#	<0.001
Mid-ventricle	8 [5, 10]	11 [8, 15]	10 [9, 14]	6 [4, 8]^**##	0.002
Apex	18 ± 6	19 ± 6	24 ± 5*	16 ± 3^##	<0.001
RapLSI	1.33 [1.02, 1.78]	0.92 [0.71, 1.72]	1.38 [1.02, 1.78]*	1.38 [1.09, 1.87]**	0.003
RapLSI (>1), n (%)	50 (79)	4 (40)	14 (82)	32 (89)	0.003
CMR	(n = 48)	(n = 9)	(n = 14)	(n = 25)
LVEF (%)	53 ± 12	55 ± 9	63 ± 10	47 ± 11^##	<0.001
CI (L/min/m²)	2.1 ± 0.6	1.9 ± 0.7	2.1 ± 0.5	2.2 ± 0.6	0.580
LVEDV (mL/m²)	63 ± 18	55 ± 16	54 ± 12	72 ± 17*^##	0.001
LVESV (mL/m²)	27 [21, 41]	24 [20, 28]	21 [14, 27]	40 [27, 47]^**##	<0.001
Regional native T1 (ms)	(n = 47)	(n = 9)	(n = 14)	(n = 24)
Base	1441 ± 53	1392 ± 46	1457 ± 40**	1450 ± 53*	0.006
Mid-ventricle	1418 [1386, 1465]	1368 [1293, 1340]	1431 [1389, 1460]	1427 [1409, 1494]**	0.010
Apex	1434 ± 97	1388 ± 109	1456 ± 64	1439 ± 86	0.250
Regional ECV (%)	(n = 41)	(n = 9)	(n = 10)	(n = 22)
Base	56 [46, 61]	46 [39, 51]	52 [48, 60]	61 [54, 62]^**#	<0.001
Mid-ventricle	49 [44, 52]	43 [32, 45]	48 [42, 51]	51 [49, 55]^**#	0.004
Apex	45 ± 8	39 ± 6	42 ± 9	48 ± 5**	0.003

	All patients	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	P-value
Echocardiogram	(n = 63)	(n = 10)	(n = 17)	(n = 36)
IVSTd (mm)	17 [15, 18]	15 [12, 17]	17 [15, 17]	17 [16, 18]*	0.043
LVPWTd (mm)	16 ± 2	13 ± 3	15 ± 2	16 ± 2**	0.004
LVEF (%)	47 ± 10	52 ± 9	57 ± 5	40 ± 7*^##	<0.001
E/e′	17 ± 5	13 ± 5	16 ± 3	19 ± 6**	0.009
Global LS (%)	11 [8, 13]	14 [11, 16]	14 [12, 16]	9 [7, 11]^**##	<0.001
Regional LS (%)
Base	5 [3, 8]	10 [7, 12]	7 [5, 9]*	4 [3, 6]^**#	<0.001
Mid-ventricle	8 [5, 10]	11 [8, 15]	10 [9, 14]	6 [4, 8]^**##	0.002
Apex	18 ± 6	19 ± 6	24 ± 5*	16 ± 3^##	<0.001
RapLSI	1.33 [1.02, 1.78]	0.92 [0.71, 1.72]	1.38 [1.02, 1.78]*	1.38 [1.09, 1.87]**	0.003
RapLSI (>1), n (%)	50 (79)	4 (40)	14 (82)	32 (89)	0.003
CMR	(n = 48)	(n = 9)	(n = 14)	(n = 25)
LVEF (%)	53 ± 12	55 ± 9	63 ± 10	47 ± 11^##	<0.001
CI (L/min/m²)	2.1 ± 0.6	1.9 ± 0.7	2.1 ± 0.5	2.2 ± 0.6	0.580
LVEDV (mL/m²)	63 ± 18	55 ± 16	54 ± 12	72 ± 17*^##	0.001
LVESV (mL/m²)	27 [21, 41]	24 [20, 28]	21 [14, 27]	40 [27, 47]^**##	<0.001
Regional native T1 (ms)	(n = 47)	(n = 9)	(n = 14)	(n = 24)
Base	1441 ± 53	1392 ± 46	1457 ± 40**	1450 ± 53*	0.006
Mid-ventricle	1418 [1386, 1465]	1368 [1293, 1340]	1431 [1389, 1460]	1427 [1409, 1494]**	0.010
Apex	1434 ± 97	1388 ± 109	1456 ± 64	1439 ± 86	0.250
Regional ECV (%)	(n = 41)	(n = 9)	(n = 10)	(n = 22)
Base	56 [46, 61]	46 [39, 51]	52 [48, 60]	61 [54, 62]^**#	<0.001
Mid-ventricle	49 [44, 52]	43 [32, 45]	48 [42, 51]	51 [49, 55]^**#	0.004
Apex	45 ± 8	39 ± 6	42 ± 9	48 ± 5**	0.003

Continuous variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median [25%, 75% quantile], and categorical variables were expressed as absolute numbers (percentage). One-way ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis was performed for multiple comparisons, and Tukey adjustment was applied after the overall three groups. Categorical variables in three groups were assessed with the Pearson’s χ² test. LS was expressed as the absolute value of the number.

IVSTd, interventricular septal thickness at end-diastole; LVPWTd, left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end-diastole; RapLSI, relative apical longitudinal strain index; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LS, longitudinal strain; CI, cardiac index; LVEDV, left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVESV, left ventricular end-systolic volume; ECV, extracellular volume.

^*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs. Group 1; ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01 vs. Group 2.

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