Table 1. Open in new tab Price and...

	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)
Ln Remoteness	0.119 $^{a}$	0.112 $^{a}$		0.122 $^{a}$	0.105 $^{c}$	0.100		0.116 $^{c}$
	(0.032)	(0.036)		(0.034)	(0.061)	(0.065)		(0.061)
Ln Population	0.040 $^{a}$	0.044 $^{a}$	0.039 $^{a}$	0.038 $^{a}$	−0.072 $^{a}$	−0.068 $^{a}$	−0.072 $^{a}$	−0.075 $^{a}$
	(0.004)	(0.005)	(0.004)	(0.005)	(0.007)	(0.009)	(0.007)	(0.008)
Ln per cap. inc.		−0.025				−0.022
		(0.022)				(0.032)
Ln pop-weighted			0.041				0.058
remoteness			(0.026)				(0.044)

Addis	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Observations	28,183	28,183	28,183	27,810	42,506	42,506	42,506	42,105
R-squared	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.03	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06

	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)
Ln Remoteness	0.119 $^{a}$	0.112 $^{a}$		0.122 $^{a}$	0.105 $^{c}$	0.100		0.116 $^{c}$
	(0.032)	(0.036)		(0.034)	(0.061)	(0.065)		(0.061)
Ln Population	0.040 $^{a}$	0.044 $^{a}$	0.039 $^{a}$	0.038 $^{a}$	−0.072 $^{a}$	−0.068 $^{a}$	−0.072 $^{a}$	−0.075 $^{a}$
	(0.004)	(0.005)	(0.004)	(0.005)	(0.007)	(0.009)	(0.007)	(0.008)
Ln per cap. inc.		−0.025				−0.022
		(0.022)				(0.032)
Ln pop-weighted			0.041				0.058
remoteness			(0.026)				(0.044)

Addis	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Observations	28,183	28,183	28,183	27,810	42,506	42,506	42,506	42,105
R-squared	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.03	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06

Table 1.

Price and availability of products across Ethiopia.

	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)

	Price of individual product (log)				Product not available (dummy)
Ln Remoteness	0.119 $^{a}$	0.112 $^{a}$		0.122 $^{a}$	0.105 $^{c}$	0.100		0.116 $^{c}$
	(0.032)	(0.036)		(0.034)	(0.061)	(0.065)		(0.061)
Ln Population	0.040 $^{a}$	0.044 $^{a}$	0.039 $^{a}$	0.038 $^{a}$	−0.072 $^{a}$	−0.068 $^{a}$	−0.072 $^{a}$	−0.075 $^{a}$
	(0.004)	(0.005)	(0.004)	(0.005)	(0.007)	(0.009)	(0.007)	(0.008)
Ln per cap. inc.		−0.025				−0.022
		(0.022)				(0.032)
Ln pop-weighted			0.041				0.058
remoteness			(0.026)				(0.044)

Addis	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Observations	28,183	28,183	28,183	27,810	42,506	42,506	42,506	42,105
R-squared	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.03	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06

	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)

	Price of individual product (log)				Product not available (dummy)
Ln Remoteness	0.119 $^{a}$	0.112 $^{a}$		0.122 $^{a}$	0.105 $^{c}$	0.100		0.116 $^{c}$
	(0.032)	(0.036)		(0.034)	(0.061)	(0.065)		(0.061)
Ln Population	0.040 $^{a}$	0.044 $^{a}$	0.039 $^{a}$	0.038 $^{a}$	−0.072 $^{a}$	−0.068 $^{a}$	−0.072 $^{a}$	−0.075 $^{a}$
	(0.004)	(0.005)	(0.004)	(0.005)	(0.007)	(0.009)	(0.007)	(0.008)
Ln per cap. inc.		−0.025				−0.022
		(0.022)				(0.032)
Ln pop-weighted			0.041				0.058
remoteness			(0.026)				(0.044)

Addis	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Observations	28,183	28,183	28,183	27,810	42,506	42,506	42,506	42,105
R-squared	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.03	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06

Notes: The dependent variables are the log price (columns (1)–(5)) and a dummy equal to 1 if the product is unavailable (columns (6)–(10)). These dependent variables are defined in the $product \times city$ dimension. Standard errors account for spatial autocorrelation within a 50 km radius around cities using the spatial HAC procedure. $^{a}$ ⁠, $^{b}$ ⁠, and $^{c}$ ⁠, respectively, denote significance at the 1 per cent, 5 per cent, and 10 per cent levels.

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