| . | Obesity (n = 18) . | Overweight or normal BMI (n = 59) . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Feet-up | |||
| SVC, mmHg | 20.3 ± 5.8 | 16.2 ± 4.3 | 0.008 |
| PAWP, mmHg | 14.5 (10.8; 17.8) | 12.1 ± 3.6 | 0.05 |
| Exercise | |||
| Arterial O2 saturation, % | 82.4 ± 7.0 | 89 (85; 92) | 0.003 |
| SVC, mmHg | 30.6 ± 5.0 | 24.4 ± 7.3 | 0.001 |
| PA, mmHg | 29.7 ± 6.5 | 24.7 ± 6.8 | 0.01 |
| PAWP, mmHg | 23.0 ± 6.5 | 19.8 ± 7.3 | 0.047 |
| Arterial systolic pressure, mmHg | 154.3 ± 33.7 | 156.3 ± 35.1 | 0.91 |
| Arterial diastolic pressure, mmHg | 68.8 ± 11.3 | 76.1 ± 13.4 | 0.10 |
| Arterial mean pressure, mmHg | 97.5 ± 15.7 | 103.0 ± 18.2 | 0.41 |
| Qp, L/min | 8.3 ± 2.6 | 7.6 ± 2.5 | 0.34 |
| Qs, L/min | 10.3 ± 2.8 | 8.5 ± 2.5 | 0.04 |
| Stroke volume, mL | 111.3 ± 36.9 | 80.2 ± 21.9 | 0.001 |
| Stroke volume index, mL/m2 | 50.3 ± 14.7 | 44.5 ± 11.1 | 0.24 |
| Heart rate, b.p.m. | 100.5 (78; 120.3) | 109.3 ± 27.1 | 0.11 |
| Qs response, % predicted | 65.8 (40.2; 93.1) | 82.3 (54.6; 104.0) | 0.17 |
| Qp response, % predicted | 58.1 ± 24.9 | 66.3 (51.6; 90.1) | 0.20 |
| PVRi, U.m2 | 1.6 ± 0.8 | 1.3 ± 0.8 | 0.15 |
| SVR, dynes/s/cm−5 | 529 ± 155 | 785 ± 238 | 0.002 |
| SVRi, dynes/s/cm−5/m2 | 245 ± 84 | 415 (328; 560) | <0.001 |
| ΔPAWP/ΔQs, mmHg/L/min | 3.2 (1.8; 9.6) | 3.9 (1.1; 7.2) | 0.45 |
| ΔPA/ΔQp, mmHg/L/min | 4.2 (2.7; 9.5) | 4.2 (1.9; 7.4) | 0.35 |
| VO2, mL/min/kg | 10.4 ± 2.9 | 13.5 ± 3.9 | 0.002 |
| VO2, mL/min | 1098 ± 357 | 948 ± 329 | 0.12 |
| Load, W | 80 (60; 100) | 60 (60; 80) | 0.56 |
| Respiratory exchange ratio | 1.02 ± 0.1 | 1.01 ± 0.1 | 0.47 |
| . | Obesity (n = 18) . | Overweight or normal BMI (n = 59) . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Feet-up | |||
| SVC, mmHg | 20.3 ± 5.8 | 16.2 ± 4.3 | 0.008 |
| PAWP, mmHg | 14.5 (10.8; 17.8) | 12.1 ± 3.6 | 0.05 |
| Exercise | |||
| Arterial O2 saturation, % | 82.4 ± 7.0 | 89 (85; 92) | 0.003 |
| SVC, mmHg | 30.6 ± 5.0 | 24.4 ± 7.3 | 0.001 |
| PA, mmHg | 29.7 ± 6.5 | 24.7 ± 6.8 | 0.01 |
| PAWP, mmHg | 23.0 ± 6.5 | 19.8 ± 7.3 | 0.047 |
| Arterial systolic pressure, mmHg | 154.3 ± 33.7 | 156.3 ± 35.1 | 0.91 |
| Arterial diastolic pressure, mmHg | 68.8 ± 11.3 | 76.1 ± 13.4 | 0.10 |
| Arterial mean pressure, mmHg | 97.5 ± 15.7 | 103.0 ± 18.2 | 0.41 |
| Qp, L/min | 8.3 ± 2.6 | 7.6 ± 2.5 | 0.34 |
| Qs, L/min | 10.3 ± 2.8 | 8.5 ± 2.5 | 0.04 |
| Stroke volume, mL | 111.3 ± 36.9 | 80.2 ± 21.9 | 0.001 |
| Stroke volume index, mL/m2 | 50.3 ± 14.7 | 44.5 ± 11.1 | 0.24 |
| Heart rate, b.p.m. | 100.5 (78; 120.3) | 109.3 ± 27.1 | 0.11 |
| Qs response, % predicted | 65.8 (40.2; 93.1) | 82.3 (54.6; 104.0) | 0.17 |
| Qp response, % predicted | 58.1 ± 24.9 | 66.3 (51.6; 90.1) | 0.20 |
| PVRi, U.m2 | 1.6 ± 0.8 | 1.3 ± 0.8 | 0.15 |
| SVR, dynes/s/cm−5 | 529 ± 155 | 785 ± 238 | 0.002 |
| SVRi, dynes/s/cm−5/m2 | 245 ± 84 | 415 (328; 560) | <0.001 |
| ΔPAWP/ΔQs, mmHg/L/min | 3.2 (1.8; 9.6) | 3.9 (1.1; 7.2) | 0.45 |
| ΔPA/ΔQp, mmHg/L/min | 4.2 (2.7; 9.5) | 4.2 (1.9; 7.4) | 0.35 |
| VO2, mL/min/kg | 10.4 ± 2.9 | 13.5 ± 3.9 | 0.002 |
| VO2, mL/min | 1098 ± 357 | 948 ± 329 | 0.12 |
| Load, W | 80 (60; 100) | 60 (60; 80) | 0.56 |
| Respiratory exchange ratio | 1.02 ± 0.1 | 1.01 ± 0.1 | 0.47 |
PA, pulmonary artery; PAWP, pulmonary artery wedge pressure; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; PVRi, pulmonary vascular resistance index; Qp, pulmonary flow; Qs, systemic flow; SVC, superior vena cava; SVR, systemic vascular resistance; SVRi, systemic vascular resistance index; VO2, oxygen consumption.
Values in bold indicate statistical significance (defined as P-value <0.05).
| . | Obesity (n = 18) . | Overweight or normal BMI (n = 59) . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Feet-up | |||
| SVC, mmHg | 20.3 ± 5.8 | 16.2 ± 4.3 | 0.008 |
| PAWP, mmHg | 14.5 (10.8; 17.8) | 12.1 ± 3.6 | 0.05 |
| Exercise | |||
| Arterial O2 saturation, % | 82.4 ± 7.0 | 89 (85; 92) | 0.003 |
| SVC, mmHg | 30.6 ± 5.0 | 24.4 ± 7.3 | 0.001 |
| PA, mmHg | 29.7 ± 6.5 | 24.7 ± 6.8 | 0.01 |
| PAWP, mmHg | 23.0 ± 6.5 | 19.8 ± 7.3 | 0.047 |
| Arterial systolic pressure, mmHg | 154.3 ± 33.7 | 156.3 ± 35.1 | 0.91 |
| Arterial diastolic pressure, mmHg | 68.8 ± 11.3 | 76.1 ± 13.4 | 0.10 |
| Arterial mean pressure, mmHg | 97.5 ± 15.7 | 103.0 ± 18.2 | 0.41 |
| Qp, L/min | 8.3 ± 2.6 | 7.6 ± 2.5 | 0.34 |
| Qs, L/min | 10.3 ± 2.8 | 8.5 ± 2.5 | 0.04 |
| Stroke volume, mL | 111.3 ± 36.9 | 80.2 ± 21.9 | 0.001 |
| Stroke volume index, mL/m2 | 50.3 ± 14.7 | 44.5 ± 11.1 | 0.24 |
| Heart rate, b.p.m. | 100.5 (78; 120.3) | 109.3 ± 27.1 | 0.11 |
| Qs response, % predicted | 65.8 (40.2; 93.1) | 82.3 (54.6; 104.0) | 0.17 |
| Qp response, % predicted | 58.1 ± 24.9 | 66.3 (51.6; 90.1) | 0.20 |
| PVRi, U.m2 | 1.6 ± 0.8 | 1.3 ± 0.8 | 0.15 |
| SVR, dynes/s/cm−5 | 529 ± 155 | 785 ± 238 | 0.002 |
| SVRi, dynes/s/cm−5/m2 | 245 ± 84 | 415 (328; 560) | <0.001 |
| ΔPAWP/ΔQs, mmHg/L/min | 3.2 (1.8; 9.6) | 3.9 (1.1; 7.2) | 0.45 |
| ΔPA/ΔQp, mmHg/L/min | 4.2 (2.7; 9.5) | 4.2 (1.9; 7.4) | 0.35 |
| VO2, mL/min/kg | 10.4 ± 2.9 | 13.5 ± 3.9 | 0.002 |
| VO2, mL/min | 1098 ± 357 | 948 ± 329 | 0.12 |
| Load, W | 80 (60; 100) | 60 (60; 80) | 0.56 |
| Respiratory exchange ratio | 1.02 ± 0.1 | 1.01 ± 0.1 | 0.47 |
| . | Obesity (n = 18) . | Overweight or normal BMI (n = 59) . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Feet-up | |||
| SVC, mmHg | 20.3 ± 5.8 | 16.2 ± 4.3 | 0.008 |
| PAWP, mmHg | 14.5 (10.8; 17.8) | 12.1 ± 3.6 | 0.05 |
| Exercise | |||
| Arterial O2 saturation, % | 82.4 ± 7.0 | 89 (85; 92) | 0.003 |
| SVC, mmHg | 30.6 ± 5.0 | 24.4 ± 7.3 | 0.001 |
| PA, mmHg | 29.7 ± 6.5 | 24.7 ± 6.8 | 0.01 |
| PAWP, mmHg | 23.0 ± 6.5 | 19.8 ± 7.3 | 0.047 |
| Arterial systolic pressure, mmHg | 154.3 ± 33.7 | 156.3 ± 35.1 | 0.91 |
| Arterial diastolic pressure, mmHg | 68.8 ± 11.3 | 76.1 ± 13.4 | 0.10 |
| Arterial mean pressure, mmHg | 97.5 ± 15.7 | 103.0 ± 18.2 | 0.41 |
| Qp, L/min | 8.3 ± 2.6 | 7.6 ± 2.5 | 0.34 |
| Qs, L/min | 10.3 ± 2.8 | 8.5 ± 2.5 | 0.04 |
| Stroke volume, mL | 111.3 ± 36.9 | 80.2 ± 21.9 | 0.001 |
| Stroke volume index, mL/m2 | 50.3 ± 14.7 | 44.5 ± 11.1 | 0.24 |
| Heart rate, b.p.m. | 100.5 (78; 120.3) | 109.3 ± 27.1 | 0.11 |
| Qs response, % predicted | 65.8 (40.2; 93.1) | 82.3 (54.6; 104.0) | 0.17 |
| Qp response, % predicted | 58.1 ± 24.9 | 66.3 (51.6; 90.1) | 0.20 |
| PVRi, U.m2 | 1.6 ± 0.8 | 1.3 ± 0.8 | 0.15 |
| SVR, dynes/s/cm−5 | 529 ± 155 | 785 ± 238 | 0.002 |
| SVRi, dynes/s/cm−5/m2 | 245 ± 84 | 415 (328; 560) | <0.001 |
| ΔPAWP/ΔQs, mmHg/L/min | 3.2 (1.8; 9.6) | 3.9 (1.1; 7.2) | 0.45 |
| ΔPA/ΔQp, mmHg/L/min | 4.2 (2.7; 9.5) | 4.2 (1.9; 7.4) | 0.35 |
| VO2, mL/min/kg | 10.4 ± 2.9 | 13.5 ± 3.9 | 0.002 |
| VO2, mL/min | 1098 ± 357 | 948 ± 329 | 0.12 |
| Load, W | 80 (60; 100) | 60 (60; 80) | 0.56 |
| Respiratory exchange ratio | 1.02 ± 0.1 | 1.01 ± 0.1 | 0.47 |
PA, pulmonary artery; PAWP, pulmonary artery wedge pressure; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; PVRi, pulmonary vascular resistance index; Qp, pulmonary flow; Qs, systemic flow; SVC, superior vena cava; SVR, systemic vascular resistance; SVRi, systemic vascular resistance index; VO2, oxygen consumption.
Values in bold indicate statistical significance (defined as P-value <0.05).
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