Table 1. Open in new tab Landmarks used...

	Landmark	Definition
1	Exocanthion (R)	Apex of the angle formed at the outer corner of the palpebral ﬁssure where the upper and lower eyelids meet.
3	Exocanthion (L)
2	Endocanthion (R)	Apex of the angle formed at the inner corner of the palpebral ﬁssure where the upper and lower eyelids meet.
4	Endocanthion (L)
5	Nasion	The midpoint on the soft tissue contour of the base of the nasal root where the frontal and nasal bones contact (nasofrontal suture).
6	Glabella	The most prominent midline point between the eyebrows, identical to bony glabella on the frontal bone.
7	Pronasale	Midline point marking the maximum protrusion of the nasal tip.
8	Subalare (R)	Point on the margin of the base of the nose where the ala disappears into the upper lip skin.
9	Subalare (L)
10	Subnasale	Midpoint of angle at the columella base where the lower border of the nasal septum and the surface of the upper lip meet (the apex of the nasolabial angle).
11	Cheilion (R)	Point located at the corner of each labial commissure.
12	Cheilion (L)
13	Crista philtre (R)	The peak of Cupid’s bow.
14	Crista philtre (L)
15	Labiale superius	The midpoint of the vermilion line of the upper lip.
16	Labiale inferius	The midpoint on the vermilion line of the lower lip.
17	Stomion	Midpoint of the labial ﬁssure.
18	Sublabiale	Midpoint along the inferior margin of the cutaneous lower lip (labiomental sulcus).
19	Pogonion	The most anterior midpoint of the chin.
20	Gnathion	Midline point on the inferior border of the mandible.

Landmark

Definition

Exocanthion (R)

Apex of the angle formed at the outer corner of the palpebral ﬁssure where the upper and lower eyelids meet.

Exocanthion (L)

Endocanthion (R)

Apex of the angle formed at the inner corner of the palpebral ﬁssure where the upper and lower eyelids meet.

Endocanthion
(L)

Nasion

The midpoint on the soft tissue contour of the base of the nasal root where the frontal and nasal bones contact (nasofrontal suture).

Glabella

The most prominent midline point between the eyebrows, identical to bony glabella on the frontal bone.

Pronasale

Midline point marking the maximum protrusion of the nasal tip.

Subalare (R)

Point on the margin of the base of the nose where the ala disappears into the upper lip skin.

Subalare (L)

Subnasale

Midpoint of angle at the columella base where the lower border of the nasal septum and the surface of the upper lip meet (the apex of the nasolabial angle).

Cheilion (R)

Point located at the corner of each labial commissure.

Cheilion (L)

Crista philtre (R)

The peak of Cupid’s bow.

Crista philtre
(L)

Labiale superius

The midpoint of the vermilion line of the upper lip.

Labiale inferius

The midpoint on the vermilion line of the lower lip.

Stomion

Midpoint of the labial ﬁssure.

Sublabiale

Midpoint along the inferior margin of the cutaneous lower lip (labiomental sulcus).

Pogonion

The most anterior midpoint of the chin.

Gnathion

Midline point on the inferior border of the mandible.

	Landmark	Definition
1	Exocanthion (R)	Apex of the angle formed at the outer corner of the palpebral ﬁssure where the upper and lower eyelids meet.
3	Exocanthion (L)
2	Endocanthion (R)	Apex of the angle formed at the inner corner of the palpebral ﬁssure where the upper and lower eyelids meet.
4	Endocanthion (L)
5	Nasion	The midpoint on the soft tissue contour of the base of the nasal root where the frontal and nasal bones contact (nasofrontal suture).
6	Glabella	The most prominent midline point between the eyebrows, identical to bony glabella on the frontal bone.
7	Pronasale	Midline point marking the maximum protrusion of the nasal tip.
8	Subalare (R)	Point on the margin of the base of the nose where the ala disappears into the upper lip skin.
9	Subalare (L)
10	Subnasale	Midpoint of angle at the columella base where the lower border of the nasal septum and the surface of the upper lip meet (the apex of the nasolabial angle).
11	Cheilion (R)	Point located at the corner of each labial commissure.
12	Cheilion (L)
13	Crista philtre (R)	The peak of Cupid’s bow.
14	Crista philtre (L)
15	Labiale superius	The midpoint of the vermilion line of the upper lip.
16	Labiale inferius	The midpoint on the vermilion line of the lower lip.
17	Stomion	Midpoint of the labial ﬁssure.
18	Sublabiale	Midpoint along the inferior margin of the cutaneous lower lip (labiomental sulcus).
19	Pogonion	The most anterior midpoint of the chin.
20	Gnathion	Midline point on the inferior border of the mandible.

Table 1.

Open in new tab

Landmarks used in Cliniface software study.

	Landmark	Definition
1	Exocanthion (R)	Apex of the angle formed at the outer corner of the palpebral ﬁssure where the upper and lower eyelids meet.
3	Exocanthion (L)
2	Endocanthion (R)	Apex of the angle formed at the inner corner of the palpebral ﬁssure where the upper and lower eyelids meet.
4	Endocanthion (L)
5	Nasion	The midpoint on the soft tissue contour of the base of the nasal root where the frontal and nasal bones contact (nasofrontal suture).
6	Glabella	The most prominent midline point between the eyebrows, identical to bony glabella on the frontal bone.
7	Pronasale	Midline point marking the maximum protrusion of the nasal tip.
8	Subalare (R)	Point on the margin of the base of the nose where the ala disappears into the upper lip skin.
9	Subalare (L)
10	Subnasale	Midpoint of angle at the columella base where the lower border of the nasal septum and the surface of the upper lip meet (the apex of the nasolabial angle).
11	Cheilion (R)	Point located at the corner of each labial commissure.
12	Cheilion (L)	Point located at the corner of each labial commissure.
13	Crista philtre (R)	The peak of Cupid’s bow.
14	Crista philtre (L)	The peak of Cupid’s bow.
15	Labiale superius	The midpoint of the vermilion line of the upper lip.
16	Labiale inferius	The midpoint on the vermilion line of the lower lip.
17	Stomion	Midpoint of the labial ﬁssure.
18	Sublabiale	Midpoint along the inferior margin of the cutaneous lower lip (labiomental sulcus).
19	Pogonion	The most anterior midpoint of the chin.
20	Gnathion	Midline point on the inferior border of the mandible.

	Landmark	Definition
1	Exocanthion (R)	Apex of the angle formed at the outer corner of the palpebral ﬁssure where the upper and lower eyelids meet.
3	Exocanthion (L)
2	Endocanthion (R)	Apex of the angle formed at the inner corner of the palpebral ﬁssure where the upper and lower eyelids meet.
4	Endocanthion (L)
5	Nasion	The midpoint on the soft tissue contour of the base of the nasal root where the frontal and nasal bones contact (nasofrontal suture).
6	Glabella	The most prominent midline point between the eyebrows, identical to bony glabella on the frontal bone.
7	Pronasale	Midline point marking the maximum protrusion of the nasal tip.
8	Subalare (R)	Point on the margin of the base of the nose where the ala disappears into the upper lip skin.
9	Subalare (L)
10	Subnasale	Midpoint of angle at the columella base where the lower border of the nasal septum and the surface of the upper lip meet (the apex of the nasolabial angle).
11	Cheilion (R)	Point located at the corner of each labial commissure.
12	Cheilion (L)	Point located at the corner of each labial commissure.
13	Crista philtre (R)	The peak of Cupid’s bow.
14	Crista philtre (L)	The peak of Cupid’s bow.
15	Labiale superius	The midpoint of the vermilion line of the upper lip.
16	Labiale inferius	The midpoint on the vermilion line of the lower lip.
17	Stomion	Midpoint of the labial ﬁssure.
18	Sublabiale	Midpoint along the inferior margin of the cutaneous lower lip (labiomental sulcus).
19	Pogonion	The most anterior midpoint of the chin.
20	Gnathion	Midline point on the inferior border of the mandible.

R = Right, L = Left.

This Feature Is Available To Subscribers Only