Table A.1. Open in new tab Descriptive...

	Colombians	Venezuelans
Panel A: Socio-economic characteristics
Age (in years)	34.074	20.912	23.623	14.000	−10.451	[0.000]
Sex (Man = 1)	0.492	0.500	0.499	0.500	0.007	[0.271]
Head of household	0.323	0.468	0.218	0.413	−0.106	[0.000]
Socioeconomic level	2.031	1.293	1.940	1.223	−0.090	[0.033]
In a relationship	0.414	0.493	0.434	0.496	0.020	[0.209]
Living in an urban area	0.773	0.419	0.878	0.327	0.105	[0.000]
Poverty rate	0.357	0.479	0.563	0.496	0.207	[0.000]
Extreme poverty rate	0.098	0.297	0.155	0.362	0.057	[0.005]
Working age population	0.848	0.359	0.759	0.428	−0.089	[0.000]
Employment rate	0.565	0.496	0.631	0.483	0.066	[0.000]
Inactivity rate	0.314	0.464	0.199	0.399	−0.115	[0.000]
Unemployment rate	0.102	0.303	0.145	0.352	0.043	[0.000]
Years of education	7.715	5.055	7.774	5.070	0.060	[0.757]
Incomplete secondary	0.562	0.496	0.500	0.500	−0.062	[0.005]
Complete secondary	0.205	0.404	0.255	0.436	0.050	[0.000]
Incomplete post-secondary	0.105	0.306	0.093	0.291	−0.011	[0.208]
Complete post-secondary	0.094	0.292	0.086	0.280	−0.008	[0.305]
Panel B: Characteristics for working population
Hourly wage (in logs)	8.387	0.843	8.058	0.693	−0.329	[0.000]
Routinization index	0.492	0.177	0.543	0.156	0.051	[0.000]
Hours of work per week	44.072	16.380	49.644	17.646	5.572	[0.000]
Primary activities	0.173	0.378	0.062	0.241	−0.111	[0.000]
Industry (low tech)	0.068	0.251	0.074	0.262	0.006	[0.198]
Industry (high tech)	0.050	0.218	0.040	0.196	−0.010	[0.139]
Construction	0.066	0.249	0.117	0.321	0.051	[0.000]
Commerce	0.264	0.441	0.462	0.499	0.198	[0.000]
Utilities and transportation	0.086	0.280	0.053	0.224	−0.033	[0.000]
Skilled services	0.091	0.287	0.047	0.211	−0.044	[0.013]
Public administration	0.032	0.177	0.001	0.033	−0.031	[0.000]
Education and health	0.139	0.345	0.104	0.306	−0.034	[0.000]
Domestic servants	0.031	0.173	0.039	0.194	0.008	[0.166]

Colombians

Venezuelans

Mean

Difference

P-value

Panel A: Socio-economic characteristics

Age (in years)

34.074

20.912

23.623

14.000

−10.451

[0.000]

Sex (Man = 1)

0.492

0.500

0.499

0.500

0.007

[0.271]

Head of household

0.323

0.468

0.218

0.413

−0.106

[0.000]

Socioeconomic level

2.031

1.293

1.940

1.223

−0.090

[0.033]

In a relationship

0.414

0.493

0.434

0.496

0.020

[0.209]

Living in an urban area

0.773

0.419

0.878

0.327

0.105

[0.000]

Poverty rate

0.357

0.479

0.563

0.496

0.207

[0.000]

Extreme poverty rate

0.098

0.297

0.155

0.362

0.057

[0.005]

Working age population

0.848

0.359

0.759

0.428

−0.089

[0.000]

Employment rate

0.565

0.496

0.631

0.483

0.066

[0.000]

Inactivity rate

0.314

0.464

0.199

0.399

−0.115

[0.000]

Unemployment rate

0.102

0.303

0.145

0.352

0.043

[0.000]

Years of education

7.715

5.055

7.774

5.070

0.060

[0.757]

Incomplete secondary

0.562

0.496

0.500

−0.062

[0.005]

Complete secondary

0.205

0.404

0.255

0.436

0.050

[0.000]

Incomplete post-secondary

0.105

0.306

0.093

0.291

−0.011

[0.208]

Complete post-secondary

0.094

0.292

0.086

0.280

−0.008

[0.305]

Panel B: Characteristics for working population

Hourly wage (in logs)

8.387

0.843

8.058

0.693

−0.329

[0.000]

Routinization index

0.492

0.177

0.543

0.156

0.051

[0.000]

Hours of work per week

44.072

16.380

49.644

17.646

5.572

[0.000]

Primary activities

0.173

0.378

0.062

0.241

−0.111

[0.000]

Industry (low tech)

0.068

0.251

0.074

0.262

0.006

[0.198]

Industry (high tech)

0.050

0.218

0.040

0.196

−0.010

[0.139]

Construction

0.066

0.249

0.117

0.321

0.051

[0.000]

Commerce

0.264

0.441

0.462

0.499

0.198

[0.000]

Utilities and transportation

0.086

0.280

0.053

0.224

−0.033

[0.000]

Skilled services

0.091

0.287

0.047

0.211

−0.044

[0.013]

Public administration

0.032

0.177

0.001

0.033

−0.031

[0.000]

Education and health

0.139

0.345

0.104

0.306

−0.034

[0.000]

Domestic servants

0.031

0.173

0.039

0.194

0.008

[0.166]

	Colombians	Venezuelans
Panel A: Socio-economic characteristics
Age (in years)	34.074	20.912	23.623	14.000	−10.451	[0.000]
Sex (Man = 1)	0.492	0.500	0.499	0.500	0.007	[0.271]
Head of household	0.323	0.468	0.218	0.413	−0.106	[0.000]
Socioeconomic level	2.031	1.293	1.940	1.223	−0.090	[0.033]
In a relationship	0.414	0.493	0.434	0.496	0.020	[0.209]
Living in an urban area	0.773	0.419	0.878	0.327	0.105	[0.000]
Poverty rate	0.357	0.479	0.563	0.496	0.207	[0.000]
Extreme poverty rate	0.098	0.297	0.155	0.362	0.057	[0.005]
Working age population	0.848	0.359	0.759	0.428	−0.089	[0.000]
Employment rate	0.565	0.496	0.631	0.483	0.066	[0.000]
Inactivity rate	0.314	0.464	0.199	0.399	−0.115	[0.000]
Unemployment rate	0.102	0.303	0.145	0.352	0.043	[0.000]
Years of education	7.715	5.055	7.774	5.070	0.060	[0.757]
Incomplete secondary	0.562	0.496	0.500	0.500	−0.062	[0.005]
Complete secondary	0.205	0.404	0.255	0.436	0.050	[0.000]
Incomplete post-secondary	0.105	0.306	0.093	0.291	−0.011	[0.208]
Complete post-secondary	0.094	0.292	0.086	0.280	−0.008	[0.305]
Panel B: Characteristics for working population
Hourly wage (in logs)	8.387	0.843	8.058	0.693	−0.329	[0.000]
Routinization index	0.492	0.177	0.543	0.156	0.051	[0.000]
Hours of work per week	44.072	16.380	49.644	17.646	5.572	[0.000]
Primary activities	0.173	0.378	0.062	0.241	−0.111	[0.000]
Industry (low tech)	0.068	0.251	0.074	0.262	0.006	[0.198]
Industry (high tech)	0.050	0.218	0.040	0.196	−0.010	[0.139]
Construction	0.066	0.249	0.117	0.321	0.051	[0.000]
Commerce	0.264	0.441	0.462	0.499	0.198	[0.000]
Utilities and transportation	0.086	0.280	0.053	0.224	−0.033	[0.000]
Skilled services	0.091	0.287	0.047	0.211	−0.044	[0.013]
Public administration	0.032	0.177	0.001	0.033	−0.031	[0.000]
Education and health	0.139	0.345	0.104	0.306	−0.034	[0.000]
Domestic servants	0.031	0.173	0.039	0.194	0.008	[0.166]

Table A.1.

Open in new tab

Descriptive statistics—Colombians and Venezuelans, 2019.

	Colombians		Venezuelans
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Difference	P-value
Panel A: Socio-economic characteristics
Age (in years)	34.074	20.912	23.623	14.000	−10.451	[0.000]
Sex (Man = 1)	0.492	0.500	0.499	0.500	0.007	[0.271]
Head of household	0.323	0.468	0.218	0.413	−0.106	[0.000]
Socioeconomic level	2.031	1.293	1.940	1.223	−0.090	[0.033]
In a relationship	0.414	0.493	0.434	0.496	0.020	[0.209]
Living in an urban area	0.773	0.419	0.878	0.327	0.105	[0.000]
Poverty rate	0.357	0.479	0.563	0.496	0.207	[0.000]
Extreme poverty rate	0.098	0.297	0.155	0.362	0.057	[0.005]
Working age population	0.848	0.359	0.759	0.428	−0.089	[0.000]
Employment rate	0.565	0.496	0.631	0.483	0.066	[0.000]
Inactivity rate	0.314	0.464	0.199	0.399	−0.115	[0.000]
Unemployment rate	0.102	0.303	0.145	0.352	0.043	[0.000]
Years of education	7.715	5.055	7.774	5.070	0.060	[0.757]
Incomplete secondary	0.562	0.496	0.500	0.500	−0.062	[0.005]
Complete secondary	0.205	0.404	0.255	0.436	0.050	[0.000]
Incomplete post-secondary	0.105	0.306	0.093	0.291	−0.011	[0.208]
Complete post-secondary	0.094	0.292	0.086	0.280	−0.008	[0.305]
Panel B: Characteristics for working population
Hourly wage (in logs)	8.387	0.843	8.058	0.693	−0.329	[0.000]
Routinization index	0.492	0.177	0.543	0.156	0.051	[0.000]
Hours of work per week	44.072	16.380	49.644	17.646	5.572	[0.000]
Primary activities	0.173	0.378	0.062	0.241	−0.111	[0.000]
Industry (low tech)	0.068	0.251	0.074	0.262	0.006	[0.198]
Industry (high tech)	0.050	0.218	0.040	0.196	−0.010	[0.139]
Construction	0.066	0.249	0.117	0.321	0.051	[0.000]
Commerce	0.264	0.441	0.462	0.499	0.198	[0.000]
Utilities and transportation	0.086	0.280	0.053	0.224	−0.033	[0.000]
Skilled services	0.091	0.287	0.047	0.211	−0.044	[0.013]
Public administration	0.032	0.177	0.001	0.033	−0.031	[0.000]
Education and health	0.139	0.345	0.104	0.306	−0.034	[0.000]
Domestic servants	0.031	0.173	0.039	0.194	0.008	[0.166]

	Colombians		Venezuelans
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Difference	P-value
Panel A: Socio-economic characteristics
Age (in years)	34.074	20.912	23.623	14.000	−10.451	[0.000]
Sex (Man = 1)	0.492	0.500	0.499	0.500	0.007	[0.271]
Head of household	0.323	0.468	0.218	0.413	−0.106	[0.000]
Socioeconomic level	2.031	1.293	1.940	1.223	−0.090	[0.033]
In a relationship	0.414	0.493	0.434	0.496	0.020	[0.209]
Living in an urban area	0.773	0.419	0.878	0.327	0.105	[0.000]
Poverty rate	0.357	0.479	0.563	0.496	0.207	[0.000]
Extreme poverty rate	0.098	0.297	0.155	0.362	0.057	[0.005]
Working age population	0.848	0.359	0.759	0.428	−0.089	[0.000]
Employment rate	0.565	0.496	0.631	0.483	0.066	[0.000]
Inactivity rate	0.314	0.464	0.199	0.399	−0.115	[0.000]
Unemployment rate	0.102	0.303	0.145	0.352	0.043	[0.000]
Years of education	7.715	5.055	7.774	5.070	0.060	[0.757]
Incomplete secondary	0.562	0.496	0.500	0.500	−0.062	[0.005]
Complete secondary	0.205	0.404	0.255	0.436	0.050	[0.000]
Incomplete post-secondary	0.105	0.306	0.093	0.291	−0.011	[0.208]
Complete post-secondary	0.094	0.292	0.086	0.280	−0.008	[0.305]
Panel B: Characteristics for working population
Hourly wage (in logs)	8.387	0.843	8.058	0.693	−0.329	[0.000]
Routinization index	0.492	0.177	0.543	0.156	0.051	[0.000]
Hours of work per week	44.072	16.380	49.644	17.646	5.572	[0.000]
Primary activities	0.173	0.378	0.062	0.241	−0.111	[0.000]
Industry (low tech)	0.068	0.251	0.074	0.262	0.006	[0.198]
Industry (high tech)	0.050	0.218	0.040	0.196	−0.010	[0.139]
Construction	0.066	0.249	0.117	0.321	0.051	[0.000]
Commerce	0.264	0.441	0.462	0.499	0.198	[0.000]
Utilities and transportation	0.086	0.280	0.053	0.224	−0.033	[0.000]
Skilled services	0.091	0.287	0.047	0.211	−0.044	[0.013]
Public administration	0.032	0.177	0.001	0.033	−0.031	[0.000]
Education and health	0.139	0.345	0.104	0.306	−0.034	[0.000]
Domestic servants	0.031	0.173	0.039	0.194	0.008	[0.166]

Source: Own elaboration based on data from GEIH-DANE.

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