MIMIC dataset—LOS analysis: estimated regression coefficients of event type discharge to home, |$J=1$|.
| . | . | Lee et al. (2018) . | Two-step . | Two-step and lasso . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | . | Estimate (SE) . | Estimate (SE) . | Estimate (SE) . |
| Admissions number | 2 | 0.000 (0.024) | 0.003 (0.022) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| 3+ | −0.032 (0.023) | −0.027 (0.022) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| Anion gap | Abnormal | −0.137 (0.032) | −0.128 (0.030) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Bicarbonate | Abnormal | −0.208 (0.021) | −0.194 (0.020) | −0.119 (0.019) |
| Calcium total | Abnormal | −0.291 (0.020) | −0.270 (0.019) | −0.190 (0.018) |
| Chloride | Abnormal | −0.148 (0.024) | −0.137 (0.023) | −0.071 (0.021) |
| Creatinine | Abnormal | −0.103 (0.024) | −0.098 (0.023) | −0.072 (0.021) |
| Direct emergency | Yes | −0.011 (0.026) | −0.014 (0.024) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Ethnicity | Black | 0.006 (0.046) | 0.009 (0.042) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Hispanic | 0.132 (0.053) | 0.120 (0.048) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| Other | −0.162 (0.051) | −0.146 (0.047) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| White | −0.031 (0.041) | −0.026 (0.038) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| Glucose | Abnormal | −0.215 (0.018) | −0.192 (0.016) | −0.088 (0.016) |
| Hematocrit | Abnormal | −0.042 (0.032) | −0.037 (0.029) | −0.042 (0.029) |
| Hemoglobin | Abnormal | −0.080 (0.033) | −0.071 (0.030) | −0.081 (0.030) |
| Insurance | Medicare | 0.138 (0.039) | 0.125 (0.036) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Other | 0.219 (0.036) | 0.200 (0.033) | 0.030 (0.016) | |
| MCH | Abnormal | −0.002 (0.023) | −0.002 (0.022) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| MCHC | Abnormal | −0.128 (0.019) | −0.116 (0.018) | −0.003 (0.017) |
| MCV | Abnormal | −0.048 (0.026) | −0.045 (0.024) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Magnesium | Abnormal | −0.080 (0.030) | −0.074 (0.028) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Marital status | Married | 0.224 (0.032) | 0.205 (0.030) | 0.093 (0.016) |
| Single | −0.087 (0.033) | −0.079 (0.031) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| Widowed | 0.026 (0.040) | 0.020 (0.037) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| Night admission | Yes | 0.081 (0.017) | 0.075 (0.016) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Phosphate | Abnormal | −0.052 (0.019) | −0.048 (0.018) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Platelet count | Abnormal | −0.068 (0.019) | −0.062 (0.018) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Potassium | Abnormal | −0.103 (0.032) | −0.095 (0.030) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| RDW | Abnormal | −0.327 (0.021) | −0.308 (0.020) | −0.271 (0.019) |
| Recent admission | Yes | −0.262 (0.035) | −0.247 (0.033) | −0.001 (0.027) |
| Red blood cells | Abnormal | −0.089 (0.027) | −0.078 (0.024) | −0.024 (0.025) |
| Sex | Female | −0.007 (0.018) | −0.006 (0.016) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Sodium | Abnormal | −0.312 (0.030) | −0.297 (0.029) | −0.142 (0.026) |
| Standardized age | −0.260 (0.011) | −0.234 (0.010) | −0.162 (0.009) | |
| Urea nitrogen | Abnormal | −0.148 (0.022) | −0.139 (0.020) | −0.136 (0.020) |
| White blood cells | Abnormal | −0.276 (0.018) | −0.252 (0.016) | −0.159 (0.016) |
| . | . | Lee et al. (2018) . | Two-step . | Two-step and lasso . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | . | Estimate (SE) . | Estimate (SE) . | Estimate (SE) . |
| Admissions number | 2 | 0.000 (0.024) | 0.003 (0.022) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| 3+ | −0.032 (0.023) | −0.027 (0.022) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| Anion gap | Abnormal | −0.137 (0.032) | −0.128 (0.030) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Bicarbonate | Abnormal | −0.208 (0.021) | −0.194 (0.020) | −0.119 (0.019) |
| Calcium total | Abnormal | −0.291 (0.020) | −0.270 (0.019) | −0.190 (0.018) |
| Chloride | Abnormal | −0.148 (0.024) | −0.137 (0.023) | −0.071 (0.021) |
| Creatinine | Abnormal | −0.103 (0.024) | −0.098 (0.023) | −0.072 (0.021) |
| Direct emergency | Yes | −0.011 (0.026) | −0.014 (0.024) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Ethnicity | Black | 0.006 (0.046) | 0.009 (0.042) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Hispanic | 0.132 (0.053) | 0.120 (0.048) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| Other | −0.162 (0.051) | −0.146 (0.047) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| White | −0.031 (0.041) | −0.026 (0.038) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| Glucose | Abnormal | −0.215 (0.018) | −0.192 (0.016) | −0.088 (0.016) |
| Hematocrit | Abnormal | −0.042 (0.032) | −0.037 (0.029) | −0.042 (0.029) |
| Hemoglobin | Abnormal | −0.080 (0.033) | −0.071 (0.030) | −0.081 (0.030) |
| Insurance | Medicare | 0.138 (0.039) | 0.125 (0.036) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Other | 0.219 (0.036) | 0.200 (0.033) | 0.030 (0.016) | |
| MCH | Abnormal | −0.002 (0.023) | −0.002 (0.022) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| MCHC | Abnormal | −0.128 (0.019) | −0.116 (0.018) | −0.003 (0.017) |
| MCV | Abnormal | −0.048 (0.026) | −0.045 (0.024) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Magnesium | Abnormal | −0.080 (0.030) | −0.074 (0.028) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Marital status | Married | 0.224 (0.032) | 0.205 (0.030) | 0.093 (0.016) |
| Single | −0.087 (0.033) | −0.079 (0.031) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| Widowed | 0.026 (0.040) | 0.020 (0.037) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| Night admission | Yes | 0.081 (0.017) | 0.075 (0.016) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Phosphate | Abnormal | −0.052 (0.019) | −0.048 (0.018) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Platelet count | Abnormal | −0.068 (0.019) | −0.062 (0.018) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Potassium | Abnormal | −0.103 (0.032) | −0.095 (0.030) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| RDW | Abnormal | −0.327 (0.021) | −0.308 (0.020) | −0.271 (0.019) |
| Recent admission | Yes | −0.262 (0.035) | −0.247 (0.033) | −0.001 (0.027) |
| Red blood cells | Abnormal | −0.089 (0.027) | −0.078 (0.024) | −0.024 (0.025) |
| Sex | Female | −0.007 (0.018) | −0.006 (0.016) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Sodium | Abnormal | −0.312 (0.030) | −0.297 (0.029) | −0.142 (0.026) |
| Standardized age | −0.260 (0.011) | −0.234 (0.010) | −0.162 (0.009) | |
| Urea nitrogen | Abnormal | −0.148 (0.022) | −0.139 (0.020) | −0.136 (0.020) |
| White blood cells | Abnormal | −0.276 (0.018) | −0.252 (0.016) | −0.159 (0.016) |
MIMIC dataset—LOS analysis: estimated regression coefficients of event type discharge to home, |$J=1$|.
| . | . | Lee et al. (2018) . | Two-step . | Two-step and lasso . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | . | Estimate (SE) . | Estimate (SE) . | Estimate (SE) . |
| Admissions number | 2 | 0.000 (0.024) | 0.003 (0.022) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| 3+ | −0.032 (0.023) | −0.027 (0.022) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| Anion gap | Abnormal | −0.137 (0.032) | −0.128 (0.030) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Bicarbonate | Abnormal | −0.208 (0.021) | −0.194 (0.020) | −0.119 (0.019) |
| Calcium total | Abnormal | −0.291 (0.020) | −0.270 (0.019) | −0.190 (0.018) |
| Chloride | Abnormal | −0.148 (0.024) | −0.137 (0.023) | −0.071 (0.021) |
| Creatinine | Abnormal | −0.103 (0.024) | −0.098 (0.023) | −0.072 (0.021) |
| Direct emergency | Yes | −0.011 (0.026) | −0.014 (0.024) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Ethnicity | Black | 0.006 (0.046) | 0.009 (0.042) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Hispanic | 0.132 (0.053) | 0.120 (0.048) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| Other | −0.162 (0.051) | −0.146 (0.047) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| White | −0.031 (0.041) | −0.026 (0.038) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| Glucose | Abnormal | −0.215 (0.018) | −0.192 (0.016) | −0.088 (0.016) |
| Hematocrit | Abnormal | −0.042 (0.032) | −0.037 (0.029) | −0.042 (0.029) |
| Hemoglobin | Abnormal | −0.080 (0.033) | −0.071 (0.030) | −0.081 (0.030) |
| Insurance | Medicare | 0.138 (0.039) | 0.125 (0.036) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Other | 0.219 (0.036) | 0.200 (0.033) | 0.030 (0.016) | |
| MCH | Abnormal | −0.002 (0.023) | −0.002 (0.022) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| MCHC | Abnormal | −0.128 (0.019) | −0.116 (0.018) | −0.003 (0.017) |
| MCV | Abnormal | −0.048 (0.026) | −0.045 (0.024) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Magnesium | Abnormal | −0.080 (0.030) | −0.074 (0.028) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Marital status | Married | 0.224 (0.032) | 0.205 (0.030) | 0.093 (0.016) |
| Single | −0.087 (0.033) | −0.079 (0.031) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| Widowed | 0.026 (0.040) | 0.020 (0.037) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| Night admission | Yes | 0.081 (0.017) | 0.075 (0.016) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Phosphate | Abnormal | −0.052 (0.019) | −0.048 (0.018) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Platelet count | Abnormal | −0.068 (0.019) | −0.062 (0.018) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Potassium | Abnormal | −0.103 (0.032) | −0.095 (0.030) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| RDW | Abnormal | −0.327 (0.021) | −0.308 (0.020) | −0.271 (0.019) |
| Recent admission | Yes | −0.262 (0.035) | −0.247 (0.033) | −0.001 (0.027) |
| Red blood cells | Abnormal | −0.089 (0.027) | −0.078 (0.024) | −0.024 (0.025) |
| Sex | Female | −0.007 (0.018) | −0.006 (0.016) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Sodium | Abnormal | −0.312 (0.030) | −0.297 (0.029) | −0.142 (0.026) |
| Standardized age | −0.260 (0.011) | −0.234 (0.010) | −0.162 (0.009) | |
| Urea nitrogen | Abnormal | −0.148 (0.022) | −0.139 (0.020) | −0.136 (0.020) |
| White blood cells | Abnormal | −0.276 (0.018) | −0.252 (0.016) | −0.159 (0.016) |
| . | . | Lee et al. (2018) . | Two-step . | Two-step and lasso . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | . | Estimate (SE) . | Estimate (SE) . | Estimate (SE) . |
| Admissions number | 2 | 0.000 (0.024) | 0.003 (0.022) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| 3+ | −0.032 (0.023) | −0.027 (0.022) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| Anion gap | Abnormal | −0.137 (0.032) | −0.128 (0.030) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Bicarbonate | Abnormal | −0.208 (0.021) | −0.194 (0.020) | −0.119 (0.019) |
| Calcium total | Abnormal | −0.291 (0.020) | −0.270 (0.019) | −0.190 (0.018) |
| Chloride | Abnormal | −0.148 (0.024) | −0.137 (0.023) | −0.071 (0.021) |
| Creatinine | Abnormal | −0.103 (0.024) | −0.098 (0.023) | −0.072 (0.021) |
| Direct emergency | Yes | −0.011 (0.026) | −0.014 (0.024) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Ethnicity | Black | 0.006 (0.046) | 0.009 (0.042) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Hispanic | 0.132 (0.053) | 0.120 (0.048) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| Other | −0.162 (0.051) | −0.146 (0.047) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| White | −0.031 (0.041) | −0.026 (0.038) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| Glucose | Abnormal | −0.215 (0.018) | −0.192 (0.016) | −0.088 (0.016) |
| Hematocrit | Abnormal | −0.042 (0.032) | −0.037 (0.029) | −0.042 (0.029) |
| Hemoglobin | Abnormal | −0.080 (0.033) | −0.071 (0.030) | −0.081 (0.030) |
| Insurance | Medicare | 0.138 (0.039) | 0.125 (0.036) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Other | 0.219 (0.036) | 0.200 (0.033) | 0.030 (0.016) | |
| MCH | Abnormal | −0.002 (0.023) | −0.002 (0.022) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| MCHC | Abnormal | −0.128 (0.019) | −0.116 (0.018) | −0.003 (0.017) |
| MCV | Abnormal | −0.048 (0.026) | −0.045 (0.024) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Magnesium | Abnormal | −0.080 (0.030) | −0.074 (0.028) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Marital status | Married | 0.224 (0.032) | 0.205 (0.030) | 0.093 (0.016) |
| Single | −0.087 (0.033) | −0.079 (0.031) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| Widowed | 0.026 (0.040) | 0.020 (0.037) | 0.000 (0.000) | |
| Night admission | Yes | 0.081 (0.017) | 0.075 (0.016) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Phosphate | Abnormal | −0.052 (0.019) | −0.048 (0.018) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Platelet count | Abnormal | −0.068 (0.019) | −0.062 (0.018) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Potassium | Abnormal | −0.103 (0.032) | −0.095 (0.030) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| RDW | Abnormal | −0.327 (0.021) | −0.308 (0.020) | −0.271 (0.019) |
| Recent admission | Yes | −0.262 (0.035) | −0.247 (0.033) | −0.001 (0.027) |
| Red blood cells | Abnormal | −0.089 (0.027) | −0.078 (0.024) | −0.024 (0.025) |
| Sex | Female | −0.007 (0.018) | −0.006 (0.016) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| Sodium | Abnormal | −0.312 (0.030) | −0.297 (0.029) | −0.142 (0.026) |
| Standardized age | −0.260 (0.011) | −0.234 (0.010) | −0.162 (0.009) | |
| Urea nitrogen | Abnormal | −0.148 (0.022) | −0.139 (0.020) | −0.136 (0.020) |
| White blood cells | Abnormal | −0.276 (0.018) | −0.252 (0.016) | −0.159 (0.016) |
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