Outcomes of surgery for symptomatic chronic pancreatitis (overall and stratified by type of surgery)
| . | Overall (n = 207) . | Surgical drainage procedures (n = 51) . | DPPHRs (n = 61) . | Formal pancreatic resections (n = 95) . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Surgical approach | |||||
| Open | 182 (87.9) | 46 (90) | 56 (92) | 80 (84) | 0.309‡ |
| Laparoscopic | 19 (9.2) | 4 (8) | 4 (7) | 11 (12) | 0.551‡ |
| Robot assisted | 6 (2.9) | 1 (2.0) | 1 (2) | 4 (4) | 0.660‡ |
| Use of opioids before surgery | 101 (48.8) | 24 (47) | 37 (61) | 40 (42) | 0.074‡ |
| Endocrine insufficiency at time of surgery | 61 (29.5) | 19 (37) | 18 (30) | 24 (25) | 0.317‡ |
| Exocrine insufficiency at time of surgery | 107 (51.7) | 23 (45) | 39 (64) | 45 (47) | 0.072‡ |
| Dilated pancreatic duct (diameter ≥5 mm) | 148 (71.5) | 43 (84) | 48 (79) | 57 (60) | 0.003‡§ |
| Enlarged pancreatic head (diameter >4 cm)* | 56 (27.7) | 11 (22) | 24 (39) | 21 (23) | 0.053‡ |
| ‘Small duct pancreatitis’ (normal duct and head) | 48 (23.2) | 7 (14) | 10 (16) | 31 (33) | 0.012‡§ |
| Ninety-day outcomes | |||||
| Major complications (Clavien–Dindo grade ≥III) | 29 (14.0) | 4 (8) | 11 (18) | 14 (15) | 0.287‡ |
| ISGPS-specific complications (grade B/C)† | |||||
| Postoperative pancreatic fistula | 23 (32.4) | 3 (25) | 9 (38) | 11 (31) | 0.837‡ |
| Delayed gastric emptying | 8 (11.3) | 3 (25) | 3 (13) | 2 (6) | 0.130‡ |
| Chyle leak | 3 (4.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4) | 2 (6) | >0.999‡ |
| Post-pancreatectomy haemorrhage | 5 (7.0) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (13) | 2 (6) | 0.467‡ |
| Hospital stay (days), median (i.q.r.) | 11.0 (8.0–17.0) | 9.0 (7.0–12.0) | 10.0 (7.0–15.0) | 13.0 (9.0–20.0) | 0.012¶§ |
| Readmission | 30 (14.5) | 4 (8) | 15 (25) | 11 (12) | 0.033ठ|
| Re-intervention | 18 (8.7) | 2 (4) | 10 (16) | 6 (6) | 0.050ठ|
| Death | 3 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (3) | 1 (1) | 0.454‡ |
| . | Overall (n = 207) . | Surgical drainage procedures (n = 51) . | DPPHRs (n = 61) . | Formal pancreatic resections (n = 95) . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Surgical approach | |||||
| Open | 182 (87.9) | 46 (90) | 56 (92) | 80 (84) | 0.309‡ |
| Laparoscopic | 19 (9.2) | 4 (8) | 4 (7) | 11 (12) | 0.551‡ |
| Robot assisted | 6 (2.9) | 1 (2.0) | 1 (2) | 4 (4) | 0.660‡ |
| Use of opioids before surgery | 101 (48.8) | 24 (47) | 37 (61) | 40 (42) | 0.074‡ |
| Endocrine insufficiency at time of surgery | 61 (29.5) | 19 (37) | 18 (30) | 24 (25) | 0.317‡ |
| Exocrine insufficiency at time of surgery | 107 (51.7) | 23 (45) | 39 (64) | 45 (47) | 0.072‡ |
| Dilated pancreatic duct (diameter ≥5 mm) | 148 (71.5) | 43 (84) | 48 (79) | 57 (60) | 0.003‡§ |
| Enlarged pancreatic head (diameter >4 cm)* | 56 (27.7) | 11 (22) | 24 (39) | 21 (23) | 0.053‡ |
| ‘Small duct pancreatitis’ (normal duct and head) | 48 (23.2) | 7 (14) | 10 (16) | 31 (33) | 0.012‡§ |
| Ninety-day outcomes | |||||
| Major complications (Clavien–Dindo grade ≥III) | 29 (14.0) | 4 (8) | 11 (18) | 14 (15) | 0.287‡ |
| ISGPS-specific complications (grade B/C)† | |||||
| Postoperative pancreatic fistula | 23 (32.4) | 3 (25) | 9 (38) | 11 (31) | 0.837‡ |
| Delayed gastric emptying | 8 (11.3) | 3 (25) | 3 (13) | 2 (6) | 0.130‡ |
| Chyle leak | 3 (4.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4) | 2 (6) | >0.999‡ |
| Post-pancreatectomy haemorrhage | 5 (7.0) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (13) | 2 (6) | 0.467‡ |
| Hospital stay (days), median (i.q.r.) | 11.0 (8.0–17.0) | 9.0 (7.0–12.0) | 10.0 (7.0–15.0) | 13.0 (9.0–20.0) | 0.012¶§ |
| Readmission | 30 (14.5) | 4 (8) | 15 (25) | 11 (12) | 0.033ठ|
| Re-intervention | 18 (8.7) | 2 (4) | 10 (16) | 6 (6) | 0.050ठ|
| Death | 3 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (3) | 1 (1) | 0.454‡ |
Values are n (%) unless otherwise indicated. All percentages reflect the total number of patients per subgroup, including patients with missing information. *Not applicable for five patients. †All definitions according to the ISGPS. ‡A chi-squared or Fisher’s exact test was used for categorical variables. §Statistically significant. ¶A Kruskall–Wallis test was used for data with a non-normal distribution. DPPHRs, duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resections; ISGPS, International Study Group for Pancreatic Surgery; i.q.r., interquartile range.
Outcomes of surgery for symptomatic chronic pancreatitis (overall and stratified by type of surgery)
| . | Overall (n = 207) . | Surgical drainage procedures (n = 51) . | DPPHRs (n = 61) . | Formal pancreatic resections (n = 95) . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Surgical approach | |||||
| Open | 182 (87.9) | 46 (90) | 56 (92) | 80 (84) | 0.309‡ |
| Laparoscopic | 19 (9.2) | 4 (8) | 4 (7) | 11 (12) | 0.551‡ |
| Robot assisted | 6 (2.9) | 1 (2.0) | 1 (2) | 4 (4) | 0.660‡ |
| Use of opioids before surgery | 101 (48.8) | 24 (47) | 37 (61) | 40 (42) | 0.074‡ |
| Endocrine insufficiency at time of surgery | 61 (29.5) | 19 (37) | 18 (30) | 24 (25) | 0.317‡ |
| Exocrine insufficiency at time of surgery | 107 (51.7) | 23 (45) | 39 (64) | 45 (47) | 0.072‡ |
| Dilated pancreatic duct (diameter ≥5 mm) | 148 (71.5) | 43 (84) | 48 (79) | 57 (60) | 0.003‡§ |
| Enlarged pancreatic head (diameter >4 cm)* | 56 (27.7) | 11 (22) | 24 (39) | 21 (23) | 0.053‡ |
| ‘Small duct pancreatitis’ (normal duct and head) | 48 (23.2) | 7 (14) | 10 (16) | 31 (33) | 0.012‡§ |
| Ninety-day outcomes | |||||
| Major complications (Clavien–Dindo grade ≥III) | 29 (14.0) | 4 (8) | 11 (18) | 14 (15) | 0.287‡ |
| ISGPS-specific complications (grade B/C)† | |||||
| Postoperative pancreatic fistula | 23 (32.4) | 3 (25) | 9 (38) | 11 (31) | 0.837‡ |
| Delayed gastric emptying | 8 (11.3) | 3 (25) | 3 (13) | 2 (6) | 0.130‡ |
| Chyle leak | 3 (4.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4) | 2 (6) | >0.999‡ |
| Post-pancreatectomy haemorrhage | 5 (7.0) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (13) | 2 (6) | 0.467‡ |
| Hospital stay (days), median (i.q.r.) | 11.0 (8.0–17.0) | 9.0 (7.0–12.0) | 10.0 (7.0–15.0) | 13.0 (9.0–20.0) | 0.012¶§ |
| Readmission | 30 (14.5) | 4 (8) | 15 (25) | 11 (12) | 0.033ठ|
| Re-intervention | 18 (8.7) | 2 (4) | 10 (16) | 6 (6) | 0.050ठ|
| Death | 3 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (3) | 1 (1) | 0.454‡ |
| . | Overall (n = 207) . | Surgical drainage procedures (n = 51) . | DPPHRs (n = 61) . | Formal pancreatic resections (n = 95) . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Surgical approach | |||||
| Open | 182 (87.9) | 46 (90) | 56 (92) | 80 (84) | 0.309‡ |
| Laparoscopic | 19 (9.2) | 4 (8) | 4 (7) | 11 (12) | 0.551‡ |
| Robot assisted | 6 (2.9) | 1 (2.0) | 1 (2) | 4 (4) | 0.660‡ |
| Use of opioids before surgery | 101 (48.8) | 24 (47) | 37 (61) | 40 (42) | 0.074‡ |
| Endocrine insufficiency at time of surgery | 61 (29.5) | 19 (37) | 18 (30) | 24 (25) | 0.317‡ |
| Exocrine insufficiency at time of surgery | 107 (51.7) | 23 (45) | 39 (64) | 45 (47) | 0.072‡ |
| Dilated pancreatic duct (diameter ≥5 mm) | 148 (71.5) | 43 (84) | 48 (79) | 57 (60) | 0.003‡§ |
| Enlarged pancreatic head (diameter >4 cm)* | 56 (27.7) | 11 (22) | 24 (39) | 21 (23) | 0.053‡ |
| ‘Small duct pancreatitis’ (normal duct and head) | 48 (23.2) | 7 (14) | 10 (16) | 31 (33) | 0.012‡§ |
| Ninety-day outcomes | |||||
| Major complications (Clavien–Dindo grade ≥III) | 29 (14.0) | 4 (8) | 11 (18) | 14 (15) | 0.287‡ |
| ISGPS-specific complications (grade B/C)† | |||||
| Postoperative pancreatic fistula | 23 (32.4) | 3 (25) | 9 (38) | 11 (31) | 0.837‡ |
| Delayed gastric emptying | 8 (11.3) | 3 (25) | 3 (13) | 2 (6) | 0.130‡ |
| Chyle leak | 3 (4.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4) | 2 (6) | >0.999‡ |
| Post-pancreatectomy haemorrhage | 5 (7.0) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (13) | 2 (6) | 0.467‡ |
| Hospital stay (days), median (i.q.r.) | 11.0 (8.0–17.0) | 9.0 (7.0–12.0) | 10.0 (7.0–15.0) | 13.0 (9.0–20.0) | 0.012¶§ |
| Readmission | 30 (14.5) | 4 (8) | 15 (25) | 11 (12) | 0.033ठ|
| Re-intervention | 18 (8.7) | 2 (4) | 10 (16) | 6 (6) | 0.050ठ|
| Death | 3 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (3) | 1 (1) | 0.454‡ |
Values are n (%) unless otherwise indicated. All percentages reflect the total number of patients per subgroup, including patients with missing information. *Not applicable for five patients. †All definitions according to the ISGPS. ‡A chi-squared or Fisher’s exact test was used for categorical variables. §Statistically significant. ¶A Kruskall–Wallis test was used for data with a non-normal distribution. DPPHRs, duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resections; ISGPS, International Study Group for Pancreatic Surgery; i.q.r., interquartile range.
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