Cortisol levels in umbilical cord blood of human babies delivered at term via elective Cesarean section. Normal maternal BMI < 25 (open,n = 7); Overweight maternal BMI 25–30 (gray,n = 11); overweight + obese maternal BMI 30–35 (black,n = 17). *P < 0.05 vs control. Adapted from Carter et al.71