Fig. 19.17
Effect of pacing on left ventricular filling time when left ventricular filling limited by presystolic mitral regurgitation. Left: short left ventricular filling time before pacing due to pre-systolic mitral regurgitation. Right: after pacing and shortening the atrioventricular delay, the presystolic component of mitral regurgitation is removed, allowing significant increase in left ventricular filling time.