(A) Comparing dissimilarity (β-diversity) of the urban-wild transition to that of wild habitats both along a precipitation gradient (wet–dry [all) and overall (wild–wild [all]). (B) Comparing dissimilarity of urban habitats across the wet–dry transition (urban dry to urban wet) to that of their corresponding wild communities. Results of MWU are shown above. Significance codes: *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ns, not significant.