Targeting and Intensity of Treatment.

Source: Authors’ calculations using the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS) of South Africa.

Note: Panel A shows that, among households with a member over 60, the percentage of households receiving the Older Person’s Grant decreases with non-grant income suggesting effective targeting. Panel B shows that, among all households, the share of total household income that comes from the grant is decreasing with non-grant income suggesting that among poor households, the Older Person’s Grant makes up a large portion of their financial resources.