An analysis of independent component (iModulon) activities inferred from the E. coli iModulon database PRECISE-1K. A) iModulons with the highest explained variance within the dataset of this study. System category of the iModulons indicated by the color of the bar. B–G) DiMA plots between scale-down and control cultures of the WT strain and the five TF knockout strains. Highlighted iModulons are considered differentially activated. For DiMAs, a threshold of ±2 and a FDR of <0.1 were applied. H) iModulons with the overall highest absolute DiMA across all DiMA plots.