Cox proportional HRs for potential prognostic markers corrected for age and sex (Model 1) and all risk factors (Model 2). The HRs and 95% CIs represent the prognostic association of outcomes with 1 SD change (either increase or decrease, as indicated by the arrow) in LV markers. Model 1 was adjusted for age and sex, and Model 2 was adjusted for age, sex, and cardiovascular risk factors (BMI, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, smoking history, regular alcohol intake, and physical activity). Figure 1A shows HRs for all-cause mortality, Figure 1B shows MACE, and 1C shows HF risk.