Humanized anti-CD11d clones improve biochemical and behavioral recovery in a rat SCI model. (A) Conceptual diagram of spinal cord compression injury and treatment with therapeutic anti-CD11d antibodies. (B) Spinal cord lesion homogenates from SCI rats treated with either anti-CD11d 1–5 or IgG4 isotype control antibody were assayed for myeloperoxidase as a surrogate for neutrophil infiltration (N = 6). Note an uninjured control was only performed for the 24-h timepoint. Error bars represent standard error. Significance was calculated by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (^*P < .05), (^**P < .01), (^***P < .001), (^****P < .0001). (C) BBB open-field locomotor scores in anti-CD11d-3 treated rats (N = 9) and IgG4 isotype control-treated rats (N = 10). Error bars represent standard error. Two-way ANOVA and Newman–Keuls post hoc test demonstrated a significant treatment effect (P = .0029), a significant effect of time (P < .0001), and a significant interaction of treatment and time (P = .0006). The only time that is not significant is at 1 week when a difference is not expected. From 2 to 10 weeks, they are all significant at either P < .01 or P < .05. Note that there were no data obtained in week 9. This statistical analysis was performed on only the BBB scores from the anti-CD11d-3-treated and IgG4-treated rats. The 217 L–treated rats were a smaller group of rats added in to illustrate the degree of recovery was similar to the anti-CD11d-3-treated group.