Interaction analysis of new-onset atrial fibrillation risk stratified by electrocardiographic aging groups and increasing AI-ECG age gap with the PRS-AF in the UK Biobank cohort. (A) Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of the electrocardiogram-aged group compared to the normal group. (B) Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) per 1-increase in the AI-ECG age gap. Dots with error bars represent the adjusted Hazard ratios of new-onset atrial fibrillation with 95% confidence intervals, which were obtained using Cox regression models that were adjusted for chronological age and sex. (A) The adjusted hazard ratios for new-onset atrial fibrillation with 95% confidence intervals are presented for the electrocardiogram-aged group compared with the normal group, stratified by the PRS-AF quartile subgroups. (B) The adjusted hazard ratios for new-onset atrial fibrillation with 95% confidence intervals are shown for every 1-increase in the AI-ECG age gap, stratified by the PRS-AF quartile subgroups. P-values for interaction analysis were estimated between the PRS-AF quartile subgroups. AF, atrial fibrillation; AI, artificial intelligence; CI, confidence interval; ECG, electrocardiogram; HR, hazard ratio; PRS, polygenic risk score; PRS-AF, polygenic risk score for atrial fibrillation