The scatter symbols represent M67 mean masses from the presumed single red giant stars (black circle) and red clump stars (grey square) within the range |$25<\nu _{\mathrm{max}}< 350$|  |$\mu$|Hz, using solar-scaling relations from equations (2) to (5). The weighted averages of the masses across the four equations are shown as dotted lines: black for red giants, grey for red clump stars, and are listed in the table. The first annotated uncertainty arises from error propagation, while the second represents the standard deviation. The solid horizontal lines indicate the mean masses from the models along Isochrone A within the same |$\nu _{\mathrm{max}}$| range. Panels (a) to (d) illustrate the progression of increasingly refined corrections for |$f_{\Delta \nu }$| and |$f_{\nu _{\mathrm{max}}}$|⁠, as provided in the table. (⁠|$^{*}$|⁠) indicates values are solar-scaled.