Model-simulated ROS concentration (mg O cell−1), symbiont cell expulsion rate (d−1) and ROS threshold (1.42 × 10−14 mg O cell−1) in the ambient temperature treatment for the unshaded and shaded treatments (a), in comparison with experimental maximum quantum yield (dimensionless; Fv/Fm) (b), light saturation coefficient (μmol photon m−2 s−1; Ek) (c), maximum photosynthetic capacity (μmol electron m−2 s−1; rETRMAX) (d) and alpha (dimensionless) (e), averaged |$\pm$| standard error, recorded for A. divaricata. The pink-shaded regions (b, d, e) illustrate a statistical decline in the photochemical proxies from the first sampling event. Daily tick marks occur at 0:00 h.