Forest Plots Representing Results From the Second Phase of the Meta-analysis Indicating the Difference in Changes Between LC and Control Interventions. Plots are sorted in columns by anthropometric (left; ie, weight [A], BMI [B], and BMI-Z [C]) and biological outcomes (TG [D], LDL [E], HDL [F], insulin [G], and HOMA-IR [H]). Effect sizes are weighted mean differences between postintervention LC and control values regressed against baseline values, which are sorted by carbohydrate intake per day, and include the corresponding intervention duration, completion rate for the LC arm, and the type of diet used for the control arm. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; BMI-Z, BMI z-score; CHO, carbohydrates; HDL, high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol; HK, one-way random effects model by Hoffman and Kringle; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; LC, low-carbohydrate diet; LDL, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol; MD, mean difference; TG, triglycerides