Secretion of proinflammatory adipokines by remodelled EAT and inflammatory pathways in HFpEF. Pathologically remodelled EAT shifts its secretome towards proinflammatory molecules while decreasing anti-inflammatory ones. The arrows describe the molecular pathways of different adipokines. The bottom section illustrates the hypothetical effects that these pathways have on the myocardium in HFpEF. Downward arrows depict a decrease, upward arrows depict an increase. FABP-4, fatty-acid-binding protein-4; FFA, free fatty acids; GLUT-4, glucose transporter type-4; LV, left ventricle; NO, nitric oxide; PKG, protein kinase K; RBP4, retinol-binding protein-4; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TLR4, toll-like receptor-4. Created in BioRender.com.