Volume 102, Issue 6, 1 June 2017

We studied a patient whose case demonstrated that gonadotropins are required as cofactors for insulin-induced hyperandrogenism in type B insulin resistance.

This study of a patient with multiple aldosterone-producing adenomas revealed complex intertumor heterogeneity in genetics, histology, and steroidogenesis, suggesting a multiclonal process.

We studied diurnal urinary steroid excretion in glucocorticoid-treated patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and found increased alternative pathway androgen synthesis that was ameliorated by modified-release hydrocortisone.

We investigated the association between insulin resistance and bone geometry in nondiabetic young men and observed that higher levels of insulin resistance were associated with smaller bone size.

The aim of this study was to further describe CCDC141 mutations in IHH/KS. Our studies revealed nine affected individuals from four independent families who have KS but not IHH.

We evaluated the diabetes etiology in 3781 pediatric patients and found that genetic mutations are the second cause of hyperglycemia after type 1 diabetes and that type 2 diabetes is relatively rare.

In individuals without primary aldosteronism, the inability to stimulate renin is associated with unrecognized autonomous aldosterone secretion and excessive mineralocorticoid receptor activation.

This study demonstrates the progressive development of PTH resistance in 20 patients affected by iPPSD2 (PHP1A), diagnosed due to family history and/or AHO signs and carrying a maternal GNAS mutation.

We studied CXCL4 in endometrial tissue and cells and found that expression was maximal at menses, regulated by cortisol in endothelial cells, and reduced in HMB, consistent with a role in endometrial repair.

We studied psychological distress in women with PCOS symptoms and found high anxiety and depression rates in women with PCOS or isolated hirsutism lasting until perimenopausal age.

We found significant relationships between prenatal phthalate exposure and sex steroid hormone concentrations. Free testosterone was associated with 25% lower prevalence of male genital abnormalities.

We examined the associations between urea cycle metabolites and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We found that the baseline arginine/asymmetric dimethylarginine ratio was associated with lower risk of CVD.

In this retrospective cohort study, nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas that regrew after primary treatment carried considerable risk of further progression. Management approach was the major risk factor.

We evaluated the frequency of TERT, BRAF, and NRAS mutations in thyroid tumors, lymph node, and distant metastases. Distant metastases show an enrichment in TERTp and a decrease in BRAF mutations.

We evaluated gene-menopausal hormone therapy (HT) interaction on fracture. We found that HT reduces fracture risk especially in postmenopausal women at highest genetic risk of fracture and low BMD.

Three-dimensional structures of PTMCs were evaluated using serial neck US in patients under active surveillance. Some PTMCs can grow significantly after a short period of active surveillance.

We studied the utility of ¹⁸F-FDG PET for screening patients with MEN1 for aggressive and malignant pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and found it an effective modality.

We studied the risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in the Inter99 cohort and found that metabolically healthy obese men had increased risk of IHD compared with metabolically healthy normal-weight men.

The study demonstrates the potential associations of PD-1/PD-L1 axis variables with outcome data in a uniformly treated anaplastic thyroid cancer cohort treated with multimodal therapy.

Herein we report on total daily energy expenditure via doubly labeled water in women with PCOS and show that common prediction equations can be used to estimate energy requirements.

Using summary statistics data from the MAGIC and DIAGRAM consortia, we did not find evidence supporting a causal association between TSH and fT4 serum concentration and increased insulin resistance.

The LH surge increases prostaglandins and EGF-like factors by coordinated regulation by progesterone/PGR and EGF signaling in human periovulatory follicles.

Supplementation of mixed carotenoids with lifestyle intervention in children with obesity leads to increased β-carotene and adiponectin and lowers abdominal adiposity in the active vs placebo group.

We investigated the effects of breaks in sitting on the postprandial plasma lipidome in adults with T2D. Compared with prolonged sitting, breaks reduced inflammatory and augmented antioxidant lipids.

Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A concentrations, measured at the start of the second trimester, were associated with subsequent insulin sensitivity, blood pressure, and gestational diabetes.

We compared the in vitro efficacy of octreotide and pasireotide in somatotropinomas. We found that lower sst2 mRNA expression and lower sst2/sst5 ratio correlate with a better response to pasireotide.

We describe the clinical and bone material phenotype in type XIV OI. Bone histology, matrix composition, and the osteoblast differentiation pattern is distinct from OI due to collagen defects.

We studied oocyte mRNA profiles as well as serum and follicular fluid hormone and lipid levels in obese women compared with those in normal-weight women and found significant differences.

In a group of 20 males, moxonidine had no effect on the plasma aldosterone/renin ratio and may therefore be a good option for maintaining hypertension when screening for primary aldosteronism.

We found that acromegalic patients had low levels of circulating procalcific cells even after cure. This defect might be linked to bone remodeling and protection from atherosclerotic calcification.

TSH is associated with cardiovascular risk parameters. During lifestyle intervention, changes in TSH are associated with changes in lipid concentrations in children with successful weight loss.

There is a strong association between MSNA and a number of lipid species in young Asian subjects that may put them at a higher cardio-metabolic risk at lower BMI compared with white subjects.

Thirteen RET A883F carriers were studied retrospectively, and medullary thyroid carcinomas of these carriers were found to have a more indolent natural course compared with those of M918T carriers.

Imaging with MRI and/or MRCP revealed structural anomalies of the bile ducts in seven of 14 patients with HNF1B mutations. Six had choledochal cysts, which increase the risk for cholangiocarcinoma.

MEN1 is associated with an early-onset elevated breast cancer risk and is not related to other breast cancer risk factors. Early breast cancer surveillance is justified for all women with MEN1.

Postmenopausal women underwent a kisspeptin infusion for 24 hours with and without estradiol addback. Kisspeptin increased luteinizing hormone only after 12 hours in women receiving estradiol.

Inhibition of caspase-3 cleavage and ROCK1 activation could be the potential protective mechanism(s) of 1,25(OH)₂D₃ to suppress microparticle shedding by placental trophoblasts.